GENOGRAM2

GENOGRAMShirley I. M

Genogram Dipopulerkan oleh Monica McGoldrick dan Randy

Gerson (Genograms: Assessment and Intervention tahun 1985).

Biopsycosocial family treeRecord family cycle, diseases and relationship in the

familyMake at first visit Genogram can be used : genealogy, medicine,

psychiatry, psychology, social work, genetic research, education.

The ObjectivesGenealogy

o History

Medicineo Help to evaluate risk factoro Give information to health provider o Give information to individual about diseases

prevention o Help to determined disease pattern in a family

Kegunaan Genogramo Membantu dokter untuk menyatukan

data-data fisik dan mental dari aspek kesehatan dari keluarga dengan cepat

o Menampilkan pola multigenerasi dari penyakit dan disfungsi melalui suatu grafik yang digunakan oleh dokter keluarga untuk mengukur waktu, minat dan keahlian.

Menggambar Genogram (1)1. Menggambar kerangka genogram Identifikasi pasien dengan lingkaran atau kotak Anggota keluarga pria dilambangkan dan

keluarga wanita dengan Tempatkan clinical nuclear family ditengah-tengah

dari diagram dan pernikahan yang bisa ditempatkan di sebelah kiri atau kanan dari clinical nuclear family tersebut

Tempatkan saudara kandung secara berurutan kecuali berasal dari pernikahan yang lain

Tampilkan umur yang tepat di dalam symbol tersebut dengan tanggal kelahiran disebelahnya (jika diketahui) atau tunjukan perkiraan umur relative pasien tersebut. Seperti +4, -3, dan lain-lain, di dalam atau disebelah dari simbol yang ada

Indikasikan kematian dengan mencoret symbol dari individu yang ada di dalam keluarga

Indikasikan perpisahan dengan single slash dan perceraian dengan two slashes yang memotong garis pernikahan

Menggambar Genogram (2)

Pernikahan yang gagal ditulis tanggal perpisahan dan tanggal perceraiannya

Indikasikan pernikahan kembali dengan orang yang sama dengan multiple marriage line

Tandai anggota keluarga yang sekarang dengan garis putus-putus

Meletakkan anggota keluarga dari generasi yang sama pada level horizontal yang sama atau setiap keluarga satu cabang

2. Mengembangkan genogram Pada hari berikutnya masukkan masalah kesehatan fisik dan

mental pada setiap anggota keluarga yang diketahui. Penyelidikan yang spesifik diperlukan untuk penyakit jantung, tekanan darah tinggi, diabetes, stroke, kanker, masalah saraf, depresi, pecandu alcohol, dan bunuh diri.

The Genogram: A Tool for Understanding

Processes in the Family Genograms are charts or graphs that

diagram the biological and interpersonal relationships among family members across several generations. They identify significant events in intergenerational relationships that can have an influence on families and individuals.

Drawing the Genogram

The basic skeleton of a genogram

Basic Symbols

Symbols of Relationships

Symbols: Marital and other Relationships

Symbols of Multiple Marriages

Generational Relationships

A more complex skeleton

Ask relationship questions like…Who was close to whom?Who had a conflictual relationship?Who was left out? By whom?Who was a favorite? Whose?Where were the alliances, coalitions?Who was overfunctioning or

underfunctioning?

Genogram with information

Symbols of Family Relationships

Genogram with relationship lines

Creating a Chronology

A chronology is a list of major events experienced by a family. These events are both positive and negative.

Describe your family processes by answering questions like those asked in the Family Analysis activity at:

http://www.indiana.edu/~hperf258/activities/analysis.html

Draw your own:In your small group, draw a simple

genogram and a minimum of 5 event chronology and discuss them.Are there any patterns that you can

identify? Does anyone stand out in your mind as a

unique character ? In what ways would like to be a transitional

character (change things in your family?)

/ 25 24

1. Families contribute to the production and/or maintenance of symptoms

To reach a more complete diagnosis and understanding, physician needs to explore the symptoms in terms of the family system

Examples: Depression Obesity and weight loss Heart disease

2. Different stages of the family may have different implications on health

Families affect health and illness

/ 25 25

Individual Life Cycle

/ 25 26

Stages of the Family Life Cycle

/ 25 27

Family Life Cycle

Duval 1977

1 2 3

4

5

67

8

2 yrs2,5 yrs

3,5 yrs

7 yrs

7 yrs

8 yrs

15 ± yrs

10-15 ± yrs

1.Married couples (without children)

2.Childbearing families (oldest child, birth to 30 months)

3.Families with preschool children (oldest child 30 months to 6 years)

4.Families with school children (oldest child 6 to 13 years)

5.Families with teenagers (oldest child 13 to 20 years)

6.Families launching young adults (first child gone to last child leaving home)

7.Middle-aged parents (empty nest to retirement)

8.Aging family members (retirement to death of both spouses (retirement to death of both spouses)