Genetics review. In a Punnett square problem, what do the capital letters represent?

Genetics review

In a Punnett square problem, what do the capital letters represent?

• dominance

How do dominant traits show up?

• When at least one allele is present (one capital letter)

How do recessive traits show up?

• When there are two lower case letters representing the alleles

What is the purpose of the Punnett square?

• To show all the possibilities of alleles

What is genotype?

• What an individual’s genes look like.

What is phenotype?

• What an individual physically looks like according to their traits.

Who is the father of genetics?

• Gregor Mendel

What is heredity?

• The passing on of traits from one generation to another

What is the Law of Independent Assortment?

• Allele pairs separate independently during the formation of gametes. This means that traits are transmitted to offspring independently of one another.

What are homologous chromosomes?

• Two sister chromatids are attached in the middle. They are in pairs.

What are the chances a baby will be born a boy?

• 50%• 2:2

What is crossing over?

• When pieces of chromosomes break off and reattach to another chromosome during meiosis.

What are alleles?

• They represent the genes on a chromosome

What is the law of segregation?

• The principle stating that during the production of gametes the two copies of each hereditary factor segregate so that offspring acquire one factor from each parent.

What is a Bb individual?

• Hybrid or heterozygous

What is a BB individual?

• Purebred or homozygous

Crossing a red flower with a white one produces pink, this is an example of?

• Incomplete dominance

What is the purpose of a pedigree?

• To track a trait through the generations of a family tree.

Crossing a white and black chicken produces a checkered one, this is an example of?

• Co-dominance

What is hemophilia?

• A sex-linked inherited bleeding disease.