General Rules for Active Voice and Passive Voice

GENERAL RULES FOR ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICESubject is used in start of sentences. No subject is used.Form of verb is used according to the tense.

Always 3rd form of verb is used in all tenses.

Simple subjective form of the subject is used in start.

Always objective form of the subject is used at the end.

Helping verb is used according to tense and conditions.

Helping verb is used according to tense and conditions.

Pronouns

Person Subjective (used before verb)

Objective form(used after verb)

1st IWe

MeUs

2nd You You 3rd He

She ItThey

HimHerItThem

PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE

ACTIVE VOICE

Simple sentences

Construction of Simple sentences

Subject + 1st form of Verb + Object.

When subject are;

He, she, it or singular name then “s” or “es” is always used with verb.

Example: He plays hockey.

When subjects are;

I, we, you, they or plural name then use of “s” or “es” are not allowed.

Example: They play hockey.

Negative sentences

Construction of negative sentences

Subject + Helping verb + not + 1st form of verb + Object.

When subjects are;

He, she, it or singular name then “s” or “es” is not used with verb and

Helping verb “Does” is used.

Example: He does not play hockey.

When subjects are;

I, we, you, they or plural name then

Helping verb “do” is used.

Example: They do not play hockey.

Interrogative sentences

Simple Interrogative sentences Construction

Helping verb + Subject + 1st form of verb + Object +?

When subjects are;

He, she, it or singular name then “s” or “es” is not used with verb and

Helping verb “Does” is used.

Example: Does he play hockey?

When subjects are;

I, we, you, they or plural name then

Helping verb “do” is used.

Example: Do they play hockey?

Double interrogative sentences construction

“WH” word + Helping verb + Subject + 1st form of Verb + object +?

Where WH word = which, when, what, why etc

Other rules are same as given above for simple interrogative sentences.

Example: When does he play hockey?

Why do they play hockey?

Interrogative and Negative

Simple interrogative and negative sentences construction

Helping verb + Subject + Not + 1st form of verb + Object +?

Others rules are same as given for Interrogative and negative sentences.

Example: Does he not play hockey?

Do they not play hockey?

Double interrogative and negative sentences construction

“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + Not + 1st form of verb + Object +?

Others rules are same as given for Interrogative and negative sentences.

Example: When does he not play hockey?

Why do they not play hockey?

PASSIVE VOICE

Helping verbs: is, am, and are.

Singular subjects: use of “is”

Plural subjects: use of “are”

Subject I: use of “am”

Form of verb: 3rd form of verb

Simple passive voice

Object + Helping Verb + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey is played by him.

Negative passive voice

Object + Helping Verb + Not + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey is not played by him.

Interrogative passive voice

Helping verb +Object + Verb + by + Objective Form +?

Is hockey played by him?

Interrogative and negative

Helping verb+ Object +not + Verb + by + Objective Form.

Is hockey not played by him?

Double Interrogative and negative sentences


Why is hockey not played by him?

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

ACTVE VOICE

General rules

Helping verb: Is, am and are.

Subjects: he, she, it or singular name use “is”

Subjects: we, you, they or plural name use “are”

Subject: I use “am”

Verb: 4th form

Simple sentences


Subject + 4th form of Verb + Object.

Negative sentences


Subject + Helping verb + not + 4th form of verb + Object.



Helping verb + Subject + 4th form of verb + Object +?


“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + 4th form of Verb + object +?



Helping verb + Subject + Not + 4th form of verb + Object +?


“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + Not + 4th form of verb + Object +?

PASSIVE VOICE

Helping verbs: is, am and are.

Singular objects: use of “is”

Plural objects: use of “are”

Form of verb: 3rd form of verb.


Object + Helping Verb +being+ Verb + by + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey is being played by him.


Object + Helping Verb + Not+ being + Verb + by + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey is not being played by him.


Helping verb +Object +being+ Verb + by + Objective Form +?

Is hockey being played by him?


Helping verb+ Object +not +being+ Verb + by + Objective Form.

Is hockey not being played by him?


“Wh” word+ Helping Verb+object +being+ Verb + By + Objective Form.

Why is hockey not being played by him?

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

ACTIVE VOICE

General rules

Helping verb: has and have.

Subjects: he, she, it or singular name use “has”

Subjects: I, we, you, they or plural name use “have”

Verb: 3rd form

Simple sentences


Subject + 3rd form of Verb + Object.

Negative sentences


Subject + Helping verb + not + 3rd form of verb + Object.



Helping verb + Subject +3rd form of verb + Object +?


“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + 3rd form of Verb + object +?



Helping verb + Subject + Not + 3rd form of verb + Object +?


“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + Not + 3rd form of verb + Object +?

PASSIVE VOICE

Helping verbs: has and have.

Use of “been” after helping verb and before verb.

Singular objects: use of “has”

Plural objects: use of “have”



Object + Helping Verb + been + Verb + by + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey has been played by him.


Object + Helping Verb + Not + been + Verb + by + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey has not been played by him.


Helping verb +Object + been + Verb + by + Objective Form +?

Has hockey been played by him?


Helping verb+ Object +not + been + Verb + by + Objective Form.

Has hockey not been played by him?


Wh word+ Helping Verb + object + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Why has hockey not been played by him?

PAST INDEFINITE TENSE

ACTIVE VOICE

General rules

Helping verb: “did” in case of negative and interrogative

Subjects: “did” is used with all kinds of subjects.

Verb: 2nd form is used with all kinds of subjects.

Simple sentences


Subject + 2nd form of Verb + Object.

Negative sentences







“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + 1st form of Verb + object +?






PASSIVE VOICE

Helping verbs: was and were.

Singular objects: use of “was”

Plural objects: use of “were”




Example: Hockey was played by him.


Object + Helping Verb + Not + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey was not played by him.


Helping verb +Object + Verb + by + Objective Form +?

Was hockey played by him?


Helping verb+ Object +not + Verb + by + Objective Form.

Was hockey not played by him?


Wh word + Helping Verb + Object + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Why was hockey not played by him?

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

ACTIVE VOICE

General rules

Helping verb: was and were.

Subjects: he, she, it or singular name use “was”

Subjects: we, you, they or plural name use “were”

Subject: I use “was”

Verb: 4th form

Simple sentences


Subject + 4th form of Verb + Object.

Negative sentences


Subject + Helping verb + not + 4th form of verb + Object.



Helping verb + Subject + 4th form of verb + Object +?


“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + 4th form of Verb + object +?



Helping verb + Subject + Not + 4th form of verb + Object +?


“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + Not + 4th form of verb + Object +?

PASSIVE VOICE

Helping verbs: was and were.

“Being” is used after helping verb and before verb.

Singular subjects: use of “was”

Plural subjects: use of “were”



Object + Helping Verb + being + Verb + by + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey was being played by him.


Object + Helping Verb + Not + being + Verb + by + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey was not being played by him.


Helping verb +Object +being + Verb + by + Objective Form +?

Was hockey being played by him?


Helping verb+ Object +not + being + Verb + by + Objective Form.

Was hockey not being played by him?


Wh word + Helping Verb + Object + being + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Why was hockey not being played by him?

PAST PERFECT TENSE

ACTIVE VOICE

General rules

Helping verb: had.

Subjects: all kinds of subjects are used with “had”.

Verb: 3rd form

Simple sentences


Subject + 3rd form of Verb + Object.

Negative sentences





Helping verb + Subject + 3rd form of verb + Object +?








PASSIVE VOICE

Helping verbs: had.

“Been” is used after helping verb and before verb.

Objects: only “had” is used with all kinds of objects.



Object + Helping Verb + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey had been played by him.


Object + Helping Verb + Not + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey had not been played by him.


Helping verb +Object + been + Verb + By + Objective Form + ?

Had hockey been played by him?


Helping verb+ Object +not + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Had hockey not been played by him ?


Wh word + Helping Verb + Object + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Why has hockey not been played by him?

FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE

ACTIVE VOICE

General rules

Helping verb: will and shall.

Subjects: I, we use “shall”

Subjects: he, she, it, you, they, singular name or plural name use “will”

Subject: I use “will” when stress is needed.

Verb: 1st form

Simple sentences


Subject + 1st form of Verb + Object.

Negative sentences







“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + 1st form of Verb + object +?






PASSIVE VOICE

Helping verbs: will.

“Be” is used after helping verb and before verb.



Object + Helping Verb + be + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey will be played by him.


Object + Helping Verb + Not + be + Verb + by + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey will not be played by him.


Helping verb +Object + be + Verb + by + Objective Form +?

Will hockey be played by him?


Helping verb+ Object +not + be + Verb + by + Objective Form.

Will hockey not be played by him?


Wh word + Helping Verb + Object + be + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Why will hockey not be played by him?

FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

ACTIVE VOICE

General rules

Helping verb: will be and shall be.

Subjects: I, we use “shall be”

Subjects: he, she, it, you, they, singular or plural name use “will be”

Subject: I use “will be” when stress is needed.

Verb: 4th form

Simple sentences


Subject + helping verb + be + 4th form of Verb + Object.

Negative sentences


Subject + Helping verb + not + be + 4th form of verb + Object.



Helping verb + Subject + be + 4th form of verb + Object +?


“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + be + 4th form of Verb + object +?



Helping verb + Subject + Not + be + 4th form of verb + Object +?


“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + Not +be + 4th form of verb + Object +?

PASSIVE VOICE

Helping verbs: will be and shall be.

“Being” is used after helping verb and before verb



Object + Helping Verb + being + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey will be being played by him.


Object + Helping Verb + Not + being + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey will not be being played by him.


Helping verb +Object + being +Verb + By + Objective Form + ?

Will hockey be being played by him?


Helping verb+ Object +not + being + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Will hockey not be being played by him?


Wh word + Helping Verb + Object + being +Verb + By + Objective Form.

Why will hockey not be being played by him?

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

ACTIVE VOICE

General rules

Helping verb: Will have/shall have.

“Have” is always used before verb

Subjects: I, we “shall have”

Subjects: we, you, they, he, she, it, singular or plural name use “will have”

Verb: 3rd form

Simple sentences


“Subject+3rd form of Verb + Object”.

Negative sentences





Helping verb + Subject + 3rd form of verb + Object +?








PASSIVE VOICE

Helping verbs: will have been/shall have been.

“Been” is always used after helping verb and before verb

Objects: use of “will have been”



Object + Helping Verb + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey will have been played by him.


Object + Helping Verb + Not +have + been+ Verb + by + Objective Form.

Example: Hockey will not have been played by him.


Helping verb +Object + have + been + Verb + By + Objective Form + ?

Will hockey have been played by him?


Helping verb+ Object +not + have + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.

Will hockey not have been played by him?


Wh word + Helping Verb + Object + have + been+ Verb + By + Objective Form.

Why will hockey not have been played by him?

General Rules for Active Voice and Passive Voice

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