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What is gene therapy?
Gene therapy is the use of DNA as a pharmaceuticalagent to treat disease.
The most common form of gene therapy involves usingDNA that encodes a functional, therapeutic gene toreplace a mutated gene.
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1989 S.A. Rosenberg aimed at using gene marking techniques
to:
- track the movements of tumour-infiltrating blood cellsin cancer patients .
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What did he do?
- He extracted the TILs from metastatic melanoma
patients
- performed retroviral gene transfer to introduce a markergene to these cells after
- re-administered them back to the patients.
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Results of the trial
- revealed that the tumours did not grow at the injection site
- here was no evidence of viable tumour cells when thesesites were surgically resected approximately 3 weeksafter injection
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1990 In 1990, Martin Cline attempted gene therapy using
recombinant DNA.
He applied to the UCLA Human Subjects committee forpermission to carry out the same approach for treatingpatients suffering from -thalassemia.
Cline initiated the study and extracted bone marrow cellsfrom two -thalassemia patients.
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1999 Jesse Gelsinger Died at the age of 18
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2003 In 2003, China became the first country to approve a
gene therapy based product for clinical use.
Gendicine is an adenoviral vector used to treat patientswith head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cancer
The E1 region is replaced by p53
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Mechanism:
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