Gender and Population Sub Groups

Developing Gender Statistics

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United NationsEconomic Commission for Europe

Gender and Population Sub Groups








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Disadvantaged in terms of social status, education, employment,wealth and other social and economic dimensions.




Women in some population groups are subject to a double disadvantage, as minorities, and as women.




Unemployment rate by sex, United Kingdom, 2004

4.6

5

4.2

3.8

4

4.2

4.4

4.6

4.8

5

5.2

Source: ILO LABORSTA Database

Total

Men

Women




Unemployment rate by sex and ethnicity, United Kingdom 2004

Source: Annual Population Survey, January 2004 to December 2004, Office for National Statistics, UK

0 5 10 15 20

All ethnic groupsChinese

Black AfricanBlack Caribbean

Other AsianBangladeshi

PakistaniIndianMixed

Other WhiteWhite Irish

White British

Females Males




Gender Socio-Cultural Background

Statistics on gender and ethnicity are needed • to address inequalities within and between population groups• to monitor and evaluate the impact of policies and measures on minority women and men




Educational attainment, Roma and total population in Southeast Europe

57.5

27

93

81

5658

39

9891

71

510

010

20304050

607080

90100

At leastelementary

At leastprimary

At leastsecondary

At leastelementary

At leastprimary

At leastsecondary

Source: Roma and the Displaced in Southeast Europe, UNDP Bratislava, 2006

Women

Men

Roma Majority

Percent




Earnings by ethnicity and sex in New Zealand

Male Female Male Female Male Female Male FemaleAverage Weekly Earnings 733 440 565 390 492 398 664 444Median Weekly Earnings 631 403 552 364 479 400 575 384Number of People (000) 796.2 630.9 74.3 63.3 31.2 30.6 42.6 36.5

European/ Pakeha Maori

Pacific Peoples

Other Ethnic Groups

Source: Statistics New Zealand, 1998




Ethnicity

Race

Religion

Language

Is there open debate onethno-cultural

characteristics inyour country?




Declaration of minority group affiliation is sensitive.National statistical offices omit sensitive topics in data collection.




The actual meaning of responses depends on the socio-political environment of the country. Only if it is safe or favorable enough for individuals to identify their minority status, respondents are ready to identify themselves as part of segregated population subgroups..




Sample size and sample design are crucial to determinethe possibility of obtaining significant data for small groups.

Producing statistically significant results may not always be possible in survey, due to the small number of people from population sub-groups




Logo of Russian Census, 2002

Administrative data can also be a valuable source of informationon population sub-groups and gender.

Population censuses are a better toolto identify small population groups.




Cover pages of Statistic and Demographic Yearbooks of Uzbekistan, 2004

Statistics are rarely presented and disseminated broken down by ethnic status.This makes it difficult to measure gender differences within the different ethnic groups.




?What can we do to improvethe quality and availability of statistics on gender and ethno-cultural characteristics?




NationalStatistical

Office

PopulationSub Group

Member

Source: www.freedigitalphotos.net




Example of pre-coded questions, Ethnicity questionnaire, New Zealand

Example of open-ended questions, Census questionnaire, FYROM

Encourage persons to report their status:Use open-ended instead of pre-coded questions to increase perception of neutrality.

Pre-coded questions: Open-ended questions:




Source: 2001 Australian Census

Collect information on migration background as a proxy:Information such as • country of birth, • country of birth of parents, • or citizenship may be perceived as less intrusive







Over-sampling of existing sample surveysshould be considered for some areas or population groups







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Gender and Population Sub Groups

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