Gender and Climate Change[1]

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Gender and Climate Change

-Alex, Jana, Miaomiao, Yan

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Climate Change

� What is climate change?

Any change in global temperatures and precipitation overtime due to natural variability or to human activity

�Why is climate change a gender issue?

-vulnerability of women to the effects of climate change

-feminization of poverty

-limited adaptive capacities (social inequalities ;ascribed social andeconomic roles ;differences in property rights, access to

information, lack of employment and unequal access toinformation)

-Climate change will most probably affect sectors associated withwomen (cotton and tea plantations)

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Effects of climate change

Monsoon

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Effects of climate change

Drought

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Effects of climate change

Deforestation

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Effects of climate change

Ozone layer depletion

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How climate change affects women directly in

developing countries

�Poverty intensifies all impacts.

� Farmlands are destroyed so income diminished.

�Domestic responsibilities take longer as resources are scarce.

�Water and heat related diseases increase due to climate andflooding.

�Death rates increase.

�Increased dependency as carers for sick.

�

Vulnerable to violence in resource conflicts.�Bear brunt of psychological strain.

�Forced to borrow money from unreliable sources.

�Become sole parent as men migrate to find work.

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What is climate change adaptation?

� It aims to reduce the vulnerability and improve the adaptive capacity orresilience of people

� In the agricultural sector, adaptation requires the use of good agricultural,

forestry, and fisheries practices to meet changing climate conditions

� Household level: ability to adapt depends on control over land, money creditand tools, low dependency ratio, good health and personal mobility, securehousing

�

Women are less able to adapt:-low income earners

-less educated

-denied rights to property and land

-gender biases in institutions

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How to incorporate gender issues into

climate change adaptation?

� International and National Policies

-mainstream a gender perspective into policy

making process-gender analysis

� Local and Community Activities

-use participatory approaches-understand local gender roles

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Why do we need to address gender issues

in climate change adaptation?

� Because climate change adaptation is not

gender-neutral

�

Women suffer most from climate change� For adaptation strategies to be effective and

sustainable, we need women to participate

�

Womens priorities and strategies integratedin adaptation results in more sustainability

and fairness

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Criticism

� Overemphasize on womens vulnerability,separate them from human being as a whole.

� Problems vary from countries and regionswhich can not be treated without anycharacteristics.

� International Protocol is lacking of constraint

force and monitoring power.� Indicated womens absence of policy making.However fail to demonstrate an effectiveapproach to figure it out.

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Criticism

� Legal reform and political help are insufficient.

� Functions overlapped between departments,

however some of them are invisible.� Lack of international, national, individual

cooperation and interaction.

�

Afterwards remedies, need more pre-protection of the unpredictable disaster.

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Conclusion

� More locally based research on gender is needed because

gender roles vary across cultures, class, ethnicity , income and

education

� Action on the gender dimension of climate change is needed

at the policy making level

�

Adaptation at an accelerated and more targeted pace iscritical for the security and development of vulnerable

populations