(GCW Tropical Workshop. July 2017) -  · Progress and perspectives (GCW Tropical Workshop. July 2017) Lic. Martí Bonshoms Calvelo [email protected] [email protected]

Progress and perspectives (GCW Tropical Workshop. July 2017)

Lic. Martí Bonshoms Calvelo [email protected] [email protected]

Peru have an extremely climatic variety: 27 of 32 existing climates in the world (Thornthwaite).

Perú Surface: 1 285 216 km2 Located in the southern tropical region of the planet. 1300 km2 of glaciers (ANA, 2014). 70% of world tropical glaciers According to Tyndall Center, is the third vulnerablest country to climate change in the World.

Huanzo

Blanca

La Viuda

Huagoruncho

Raura

Huallanca Huayhuash

Central

Ampato Apolobamba

Carabaya

Vilcanota

Urubamba Vilcabamba

Chila

La Raya

Huaytapallana

Chonta

White: northern and central ranges Green: southern ranges.

Blanca

La Viuda

Huagoruncho

Raura

Huallanca

Huayhuash

Central Huaytapallana

Chonta

Huaytapallana Central

White: northern and central ranges

Blanca

Weather station

Hydrological station

Cordillera Huaytapallana

Complete Weather station ( 4684 m.)

Termohigrometer (not ventilated) Atmospheric pressure Snow height Wind direction & velocity Precipitation (Real time data / GOES)

HUAYTAPALLANA (SENAMHI)

Central

White: northern and middle mountains

Cordillera Central

• Weather station on Chuecon Glacier

• Weather station out of glacier • Hidrologycal sensor

2 Complete Weather station ( 5005 m & 5080 m)

Termohigrometer (ventilated) Atmospheric pressure Snow height Wind direction & velocity Precipitation Radiative balance (Real time data / GOES)

CHUECON FIJA (ANA)

CHUECON GLACIAR (ANA)

Blanca

White: northern and middle mountains

Cordillera Blanca

• Weather station on the Artesonraju glacier

• weather station out of glacier • Hidrologycal station

Termohigrometer (ventilated) Atmospheric pressure Snow height Wind direction & velocity Precipitation Radiative balance (No Real time data)

2 Complete Weather station ( 4797 m & 5000 m)

ARTESONRAJU (U. INNSBRUCK / ANA)

Huanzo

Ampato

Apolobamba

Carabaya Vilcanota

Urubamba

Vilcabamba

Chila

La Raya

Ampato

Vilcanota

Green: southern ranges

Cordillera Vilcanota

• Weather station over the Quisoquipina glacier

• Weather station out over Quelccaya glacier

• Hidrologycal measurements

Termohigrometer (ventilated) Atmospheric pressure Snow height Wind direction & velocity Precipitation Radiative balance (Real time data / GOES)

2 Complete Weather station ( 5180 m & 5650 m)

Team transporting the station to the emplacement

Installation of the meteorological station

Operative station Control of steaks in conjunction with support from the UGRH

Climate Station Installed at 5180 meters

QUISOQUIPINA (SENAMHI)

1

3

2

"Handbook of Environmental Engineering, Volume 15, Modern Water

Resources Engineering"

QUISOQUIPINA (SENAMHI)

Nevado Quisoquipina Cusco, frente a 5000 metros

Falled station, November 2016

Recovery and replacement of station in December 2016

Operational station, December 2016

Quelccaya (CRYONET)

• Weather station over the glacier

Cordillera Ampato

Termohigrometer (ventilated) Atmospheric pressure Snow height Wind direction & velocity Precipitation Radiative balance (Real time data / GOES)

Complete Weather station ( 5780 m)

COROPUNA (SENAMHI)

Falled station, December 2016

COROPUNA (SENAMHI)

Opertional station, December 2016

COROPUNA (SENAMHI)

INSTRUMENTS

Pluviometer with CS705 Snow adapter, hourly precipitation

Net Radiometer CNR4 energy balance: incoming short/long-wave Far Infrared (FIR) vs surface-reflected short/long-wave outgoing radiation.

Rugged acoustic distance sensor. Snow height

Ventilated Termohigrometer Apogee TS-100. Temperature and humidity

HOBO Termometer datalogger, Used for temperature underground

YOUNG Anemometer. Wind direction & velocity

Infrared Radiometer Apogee SI-111. Ice surface temperature

CRYOPERU 2.0 PROJECT

Multidisciplinary and multi-institutional efforts to monitoring and study glaciers in Perú. Reserch project in course: «Analysis of recent and past ELA to evaluate the impact of climate change and the glacier evolution in the Pacific basin of the Peruvian Andes along next decades» Cosmogenic dating Installation of 3 meteorological stations Climate reconstruction and projections with Regional Climate Model REMO and glacier reconstruction with PISM (Parallel Ice Sheet Model) www.cryoperu.pe https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8r0jmeXYV48

CRYOPERU 2.0 PROJECT

CORDILLERA BLANCA ARTESONRAJU

CORDILLERA CENTRAL CHUECON

CORDILLERA AMPATO COROPUNA

Weather stations CRYOPERU in 2016

CRYOPERU 2.0 PROJECT

COLABORATING INSTITUTIONS Peruvian National Geological Service (INGEMMET) National Meteorological & Hidrological Service (SENAMHI) Water National Autorithie (ANA) National Protected Areas Service (SERNANP) Universidad S. Antonio Abad of Cusco (UNSAC) UNESCO-Lima International Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) Universidad de Alcalá de Henares (UAH) Alfred Wegner Institute (AWI) www.cryoperu.pe https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8r0jmeXYV48

GLACIARES + PROJECT, Beyond the risk to the opportunities

Improve comunities adaptation to glaciar retreat and risks in Cusco, Ancash and Lima. Executed by CARE-PERU (ONG), Swiss cooperation (COSUDE), Meteodat, Zurich University, Centro de Investigación del Medio Alpino (CREALP) and Politecnic Federal School of Lausana (EPFL).

Relation precipitation - albedo - Short-wave net radiation - temperature

QUISOQUIPINA DATA

Relation precipitation - albedo - Short-wave net radiation - temperature

COROPUNA DATA

ANTARTIDA

Scientific Publications Perry, L.B., A. Seimon, M. Andrade-Flores, J.L. Endries, S.E. Yuter, F. Velarde, S. Arias, M. Bonshoms, E.J. Burton, R. Winkelmann, C.M. Cooper, G. Mamani, M. Rado, N. Montoya, N. Quispe. 2017. Characteristics of precipitating storms in glacierized tropical Andean cordilleras of Peru and Bolivia. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 107: 309–322. Suarez,W., Macedo, N., Montoya, N. Arias, S., Schauwecker, S., Huggel, C., Rohrer, M., & Condom, T. (2015). Net energy balance (2012-2014) and temporal evolution of the Quisoquipina snow peak in Cusco Region (1990-2010). Revista Peruana Geo-Atmosferica (RPGA), 4, 82 – 92.

ANTARTIDA

Condom, T;Escobar, M; Purkey, D;Pouget, J; Suarez, w; Ramos, C; Apaestegui, J; Zapata, M; Gomez, J and Vergara, W. (2012) . Modelling the hydrologic role of glaciers within a Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP): a case study in the Rio Santa watershed (Peru). Hydrol. Earth Syst. 8, 869–916 pp. Chevallier,P; Pouyaud, B; Suarez, W and Condom,T. (2010) . Climate change threats to environment in the tropical Andes: glaciers and water resources. Environ Change, 9pp. Suarez, W; Condom, T and Apastegui, J. (2010). Determinación del cambio climático sobre la hidrología de las cuencas Rímac y Mantaro (Perú). Cambio climático en la cuenca del rio Mantaro-Instituto Geofísico del Perú. 68-78pp. Suarez, W; Chevallier, P; Pouyaud, B, Lopez, P. (2008) “Hydrological and hydraulic balance of Parón lake (white cordillera, Perú)”. Hydrological sciences journal , 266-277 pp. Rabatel, A., B. Francou, A. Soruco, J. Gomez, B. C_aceres, J.L. Ceballos, R. Basantes, M. Vuille, J.E. Sicart, C. Huggel, M. Scheel, Y. Lejeune, Y. Arnaud, M. Collet, T. Condom, G. Consoli, V. Favier, V. Jomelli, R. Galarraga, P. Ginot, L. Maisincho, J. Mendoza, M. M_en_egoz, E. Ramirez, P. Ribstein, W. Suarez, M. Villacis and P. Wagnon, (2013). Current state of glaciers in the tropical Andes: a multi-century perspective on glacier evolution and climate change, The Cryosphere, 7, 81-102.

ANTARTIDA

European Geosciences Union (EGU)Posters session

ANTARTIDA

ANTARTIDA Perspectives and challenges

- Analyze the direct relation between the discharge of glacier origin with the rivers in the high, middle and low parts of the basins.

- Evaluate the retreat of the glaciers and their impact within different scenarios of climate change. Using REMO and PISM model simulations.

- Generate reliable information to decision-makers tied to cryosphere.

- Improve current weather stations (Implement transmission systems, change sensors).

- Define protocols for installation, collection of data and maintenance of stations.

- Increase the number of scientific publications and work teams

www.senamhi.gob.pe www.cryoperu.pe