GCSE Unit 3

GCSE Unit 3

Models and skills

Economic Change

The Clark-Fisher model showing changes in employment in different sectors as a country develops.

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Employment structure for selected countries with different levels of economic development.

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Choropleth map page 70 (Skill book)Shaded according to a key

Advantages:easy to completeShows a good visual impression of change over space

Disadvantages:Variations within units are concealedGives a false impression of abrupt changes at boundaries

Pie Chart

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Describe the changes

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Pictogram

Compound line graph

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Changes over timeContinuous dataShows multiple sets of data.

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Divergent bar graph

Population Change

Demographic Transition Model

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The Demographic Transition model P234

The specific characteristics of each stage have to be learned from book

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RAPID GROWTH

• LEDCs e.g. Kenya•Stage 2 of DTM: Decreasing death rate, especially infant mortality. However, narrow top= still shorter life expectancy than MEDCs.•Wide base= large number of dependent children high level of fertility .•Continuous decrease of % of pop for each age group, especially between 0-4 and 5-9 shows that infant mortality is still important

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SLOW GROWTH

• Stage 4 of DTM e.g. USA• Oblong-like structure.• Narrow base: low BR• Bulge between the ages of

about 30 to 50: reflects economic expansion late 1950s and 1960s [baby boom]

• Wider top: long life expectancy [higher for women]

• Ageing population

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NEGATIVE GROWTH

• Stage 5 of DTM, e.g. Germany

• Age group 0-4 less than 5-9:Declining birth rate

• Bulge 25-45 age groups: children of immigrants after the Second World War

• Ageing population: high % of pop above 60, long life expectancy [higher for women]

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HOW TO INTERPRETE A POPULATION PYRAMID

Section B

A Tourist’s World

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Butler model 22

End of unit 3

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