GCSE Resistant Materials Tools and Equipment Summer Examination 2011.

GCSE Resistant MaterialsGCSE Resistant MaterialsTools and EquipmentTools and Equipment

Summer Examination 2011

Hand ToolsHand Tools

SawingThere are a number of saws available that are used for wasting and shaping materials. The teeth of a saw a bent outwards slightly, which provides clearance to prevent the saw jamming. This does mean that there is a cut slightly wider than the width of a blade.

Tennon saw: the blade is stiffened to make straight cuts. It is used to cut wood to the correct length.Coping saw: used for cutting metal and plastic as well as thinner woods, the coping saw has a fine blade that is ideal for cutting materials at angles, or curves. The teeth on a coping saw face back towards the handle.Hack saw: used to cut metals and plastics, the hack saw has finer teeth that face forward and the blade is held in tension with a screw. Junior Hack saw: this is a smaller version of a hacksaw and has a smaller blade and frame, for smaller materials.

Hand ToolsHand Tools

Shaping Materials can be shaped using a variety of hand tools. They cut and remove materials. These tools need to be kept sharp.

Chisels: chisels can be used for removing waste materials as well as shaping. A firmer chisel is for general purposes, a bevel edged chisel is for working with awkward corners, and a mortise chisel is for removing mortises.

Files: Files are used when working with metal and plastic, and have a range of shapes depending on the job. You use a file in one of two ways, draw filing, and cross filing. Draw filing is for achieving a smooth finish, and cross filing is for going across the material.

Plane: A plane is used mostly with wood, it can be used on plastic but blunts the blade quickly. A plane is used primarily for removing shavings of wood, to reduce the size of the material. You shouldn’t plane across the materials grain.

Hand ToolsHand Tools

Tape Measure: for measuring an object

Spirit level: for checking an object is level, vertically or horizontally.

G-cramp: is used for securing material.

Hand drill: for creating holes in material.

Bradawl: for scribing into material when screwing or nailing

Marking Gauge: for marking onto materials.

Tri-Square: for marking lines at a 90 degree angle

Screw driver: for screwing into a material.

Hammer/Mallet: for tapping tools when chiseling, assembling etc.

Power toolsPower tools

Machine tools

Pillar drill: a pillar drill can be used on most materials, and the handle offers a mechanical advantage, so less effort is required when drilling materials. The material can be clamped to a table. A depth stop, and a chick allow the drill bit to be held steady so more precision is achieved.

Belt/Disc Sander: can be used for trimming accurately to a line, or making a material flat. Machine has guards and dust extractors for safety.

Wood lathe: machine uses a turning action to shape materials that are held securely and rotated. A turning or cutting tool is used to add a design or shape to the material. An example would be a table leg.

Power toolsPower tools

Machine tools

Band Saw: a single circular blade is held into place in the machine and rotates to cut material. Blades are flexible steel and come in a variety of sizes. Smaller versions of the band saw are available for students to use in schools under close supervision.

Scroll Saw: uses a small blade which is held in place and moves in an up and down motion to cut finer shapes into material. Often referred to as a Hegner saw.

Milling Machine: a rotating multi-toothed cutter shapes materials, using a high level of precision. The machine can move in 3 axes (x,y,z) depending on the job being performed.

Hand Held Power toolsHand Held Power tools

Cordless drill: the cordless drill uses a low voltage, rechargeable battery to offer a safe alternative to a hand drill. The clutch activates the drill that has a number of speed settings, and can be used as a screw driver.

Jigsaw: can be used for making cuts into material. The jigsaw has a number of blade thicknesses and works with a number of materials. The jigsaw created a vibrating motion so securing work is needed.

Palm Sander: the palm sander is a smaller version of a belt sander. The sand paper can be changed and the machine is ergonomically designed to fit into the users palm. Materials being sanded should be clamped.

Router: the router can produce slots, shapes and decorate the edge of woods.

Practice QuestionPractice Question