GCSE PE (9-1) - 5 a day revision questions 2020 Complete 5 practice exam questions a day to help you succeed. Use any highlighted gaps in your knowledge to focus your revision. Good luck! 1. Which one of the following statements is false? (1) A The components of the FITT principle are Frequency, Interval, Time, Type B The FITT principle overlaps with the principle of Specificity C Reversibility can result in a drop in fitness levels D The principle of Individual Differences considers the needs of the individual rather than just the sport 2. Athletes work at a percentage of maximal heart rate when training. How is maximal heart rate calculated? (1) .............................................................................................................................................................. 3. Identify three components of skill-related fitness that would be relevant to all the performers in Figure 1. (3) Component 1 .............................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................. Component 2 .............................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................. Component 3 .............................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................. 4. Figure 5 shows a performer during a weight training session. (a) Identify the class of lever system in use when the performer moves from standing onto her toes in Figure 5. (1) .......................................................................................................................... (b) Give another example of the use of this lever system, at the ankle, in a sporting situation of your choice. (1) .......................................................................................................................... (c) The lever system being used in Figure 5 provides a mechanical advantage. Define the meaning of the term mechanical advantage. (1) ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. 5. After performing any period of training, a cool down is important. Identify two parts of an effective cool down. (2) 1............................................................................................................................................................ .............................................................................................................................................................. 2............................................................................................................................................................ ..............................................................................................................................................................
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GCSE PE (9-1) - 5 a day revision questions 2020
Complete 5 practice exam questions a day to help you succeed. Use any highlighted gaps in your knowledge to focus your revision. Good luck!
1. Which one of the following statements is false? (1) A The components of the FITT principle are Frequency, Interval, Time, Type B The FITT principle overlaps with the principle of Specificity C Reversibility can result in a drop in fitness levels D The principle of Individual Differences considers the needs of the individual rather than just the sport
2. Athletes work at a percentage of maximal heart rate when training. How is maximal heart rate calculated? (1) ..............................................................................................................................................................
3. Identify three components of skill-related fitness that would be relevant to all the performers in Figure 1. (3)
4. Figure 5 shows a performer during a weight training session. (a) Identify the class of lever system in use when the performer moves from standing onto her toes in Figure 5. (1) .......................................................................................................................... (b) Give another example of the use of this lever system, at the ankle, in a sporting situation of your choice. (1) .......................................................................................................................... (c) The lever system being used in Figure 5 provides a mechanical advantage. Define the meaning of the term mechanical advantage. (1) ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................
5. After performing any period of training, a cool down is important. Identify two parts of an effective cool down. (2) 1.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Answers
1. A
2. Maximum heart rate (220 bpm) minus age / 220 – age (1)
3. Any three of the following components from:
• Power
• Speed
• Balance
• Coordination
4. (a) Second class
(b)
• Blocking a shot/pass in netball/volleyball
• Transference of weight to front foot to smash the shuttle
• Sprinter/Swimmer leaving the blocks/at starting blocks
• High jump at take-off (c) Allows a load to be moved with relatively small muscular effort. Effort arm is greater than resistance/load arm.
5. Maintain elevated breathing and heart rate, eg walk, jog to gradually reduce heart rate Aim to gradually reduce intensity of exercise / don’t just stop Stretching of major muscles used in that session
GCSE PE (9-1) - 5 a day revision questions 2020
Complete 5 practice exam questions a day to help you succeed. Use any highlighted gaps in your knowledge to focus your revision. Good luck!
1. Which one of these is an example of mechanical guidance? (1) A Holding a performer’s wrist in tennis to guide them through a shot. B Showing a performer where their foot needs to be when bowling in cricket. C Using a trampoline harness to practise a front somersault. D Watching video footage of a gymnastics performance on a DVD.
2. Which one of the following is the best example of an open skill? (1) A - A tennis serve B - A shot put C - A cartwheel D - A pass in football
3. Many performance enhancing drugs (PEDs) are not allowed in sport. However, some performers still take them because of the positive effect that they have on their bodies. Identify the correct PED or positive effect on the performer’s body. (4)
4. Naveena regularly participates in hockey matches for her school and local club. She requires good coordination to compete successfully. (a) What is coordination? (1) .............................................................................................................................................................. (b) Why is it important for a hockey player to have good coordination? (1) ..............................................................................................................................................................
5. Complete the statements below by identifying which muscles are contracting to allow the gymnast in Figure 4 to achieve the described actions.
Figure 4
(a) Keeping the arm straight at the elbow. (1) ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... (b) Keeping the leg straight at the knee. (1) ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... (c) Moving the arms away from the mid-line of the body. (1) ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... (d) Pointing the toes. (1) ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Answers
1. C
2. D
3.
4. a) The ability to use different / two or more parts of the body together (smoothly and efficiently)
b) To hit a ball on the move (1) Use hands and eyes to save a shot from an opposition player (1)
5. a) Tricep
b) Quadriceps
c) Deltoid
d) Gastrocnemius
GCSE PE (9-1) - 5 a day revision questions 2020
Complete 5 practice exam questions a day to help you succeed. Use any highlighted gaps in
your knowledge to focus your revision. Good luck!
1. In which one of these activities is reaction time most important? (1) A - Golf B - Gymnastics C – Horse riding D – Table Tennis
2. Lactic acid production occurs when an athlete’s body is: (1) A - Digesting a large meal B - Working aerobically C - Working anaerobically D - Sitting still for a long period of time
3. Fitness testing is often used as a motivational tool. State two other reasons why fitness testing is carried out. (2) 1............................................................................................................................................................ 2............................................................................................................................................................
4. Figure 5 shows a performer weight training. This movement is brought about by the muscular and skeletal systems working together.
A B Explain how the muscles and bones work together to produce the movement from position A to position B. (3) ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5. Figures 3 and 4 show performers using different skills in their sports.
(a) Identify which is the more complex skill: dribbling in hockey or running in a marathon. (1) .............................................................................................................................................................. (b) Give two characteristics of a complex skill. (2) 1............................................................................................................................................................ .............................................................................................................................................................. 2............................................................................................................................................................ ..............................................................................................................................................................
Answers
1. D
2. C
3. To identify strengths and / or weaknesses in a performance (1)
• To evaluate the success of a training programme (1)
• To monitor improvement, eg in strength (1)
• To show a starting level of fitness (1)
• To inform training requirements (1)
• To compare against norms of the group / national averages (1)
4. Bicep is the agonist / the prime mover which contracts / shortens to cause the movement from A to B
• Biceps are attached to bones in the lower arm via tendons (1)
• Biceps contraction causes a pull on the bones in the lower arm (radius) (1)
• Causing flexion at the elbow (1)
• Tricep is the antagonist which relaxes / lengthens during the movement (1)
• Contraction of the bicep allows movement at the third class lever (1)
5.(a) Figure 3/Dribbling in hockey
(b) Complex skills: ● Require more thought/concentration to execute ● Require more control/coordination to execute (1) ● Are more difficult (to perform) (1) ● Require more practice (1)
GCSE PE (9-1) - 5 a day revision questions 2020
Complete 5 practice exam questions a day to help you succeed. Use any highlighted gaps in your knowledge to focus your revision. Good luck!
1. Which one of the following muscles works antagonistically with the Hamstring? (1) A - Gluteals B - Quadriceps C – Hip Flexors D - Biceps
2. One emotional/mental health benefit of taking part in regular physical activity is that it can make you feel good. (a) Identify one other emotional health benefit of regular participation in physical activity. (1) ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3. Evaluate the importance of flexibility for a badminton player. Use examples in your answer. (3) ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4. Maddie is a 15-year-old cross-country runner. She trains regularly for her event. An outline of one week of her training is shown in Table 5.
(a) Identify the training method Maddie is using in her training sessions. (1) .............................................................................................................................................................. (b) State the component of fitness Maddie is training in these sessions. (1) ..............................................................................................................................................................
5. (a) Identify the blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart. (1) .............................................................................................................................................................. (b) State two characteristics of the blood vessel identified above. (2) (i)......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... (ii)........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Answers
1. B
2.
• Stress relief / reduces depression
• Improved self-confidence/self-esteem
3. Knowledge of flexibility / the range of movement possible at a joint (1)
• Relative importance is high as many / most joints are used when playing badminton / you use a joints in the upper and lower body (1)
• Many different shot types require a wide range of movement at the shoulder to reach / at the hip to lunge to reach a shot, therefore vital (1)
• Changing direction at speed (agility) could be deemed more important to move round the court / or equivalent component of fitness (1)
4. (a) Fartlek Training (b) Cardiovascular Fittness/endurance
5. (a) Artery. Accept aorta (b)
• Thick elastic walls (1)
• Small lumen (1)
• Smooth muscle layer (1)
• Carries blood at high pressure (1)
GCSE PE (9-1) - 5 a day revision questions 2020
Complete 5 practice exam questions a day to help you succeed. Use any highlighted gaps in your knowledge to focus your revision. Good luck!
1. Which one of the following stands for the S in SMART? (1)
A - Simple B - Sound C - Special D - Specific
2. To train anaerobically, an athlete would need to work … (1) A - Between 80–90% of their maximum heart rate. B - Less than 70% of their maximum heart rate. C - Less than 80% of their maximum heart rate.
D - Between 60–80% of their maximum heart rate.
3. Give one characteristic of a sedentary lifestyle. (1) ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4. A good reaction time would help an 800m runner to get a good position at the start of the race. Describe one other way an 800m runner could benefit from having a good reaction time during the race. (2) ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5. Using a team sporting activity of your choice (eg football, hockey), evaluate how appropriate it would be for a performer to use a mixture of interval training and weight training. (5) ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Answers
1. D
2. A
3. Does not engage (much) in physical activity/ Is too passive in their life. Too much watching TV/playing video games (and not enough activity) Drives/uses public transportation a lot and rarely walks/cycles. Spends a lot of time sitting at work/school/college/home. Does not have hobbies or interests with physically active element, such as sports or outdoor pursuits
4. A linked description of use of RT by a 800m runner:
• If someone overtakes/opponent speeds up (1) they need to respond quickly by running faster (1)
• If something unexpected happens/something went
wrong/competitor falls in front of the 800m runner (1) so they can take evasive action (1)
• If the runner trips (1) they need to quickly correct their movement so they do not fall/can get up quickly (1)
5. Knowledge of interval training and weight training - Knowledge of the two training types
• Interval training involves periods of work and rest
• Interval training can be altered / manipulated to meet specific fitness aims
• Often called High intensity interval training
• Weight training can be used to develop muscular strength or endurance
• Weight training involves sets and reps. Application to a team sporting activity
• Application to an appropriate named sport, eg volleyball, football, netball
• Volleyball – Intermittent training that involves periods of work / rest, thus mimicking the demands of volleyball, ie not continuous
• High intensity periods can mimic the intensity of a rally
• Weight training can work on muscular endurance and / or muscular strength. Volleyball player would be more likely to work on both muscular strength / power, eg to jump and muscular endurance to match muscular demands from a long match
• Muscles worked / weights / weight training can be tailored to target training on the muscles required for volleyball Analysis/evaluation of the appropriateness of a performer using a mixture of interval training and weight training in a team sporting activity, eg
• Tedium / boredom may be prevented by using two types of training thus increasing motivation levels to train
• Both types of training can be adapted / tailored to the demands of the activity so therefore both appropriate
• Most team sports are played for a long duration and therefore an cardiovascular endurance may be more beneficial
• HIIT requires intense periods of work and this is not always mimicked within the sport, eg volleyball setter
• There has to be a suitable balance between HIIT and weight training, ie over use of weight training may result in a loss of speed (or equivalent) due to excess bulk
• Reasoned conclusions could judge that both are appropriate but other methods may also be required, eg plyometric training for power
1. Name the articulating (moving) bones in the following joints [4] Shoulder: Knee: Elbow: Hip:
2. Identify 5 Functions of the Skeleton [5]
3. Identify 2 types of Joint & Example [2]
4. Name the 6 Ranges of Movement with directional arrows [6]
5. Identify a Role of a Tendon [1]
6. Identify a Role of a Ligament [1]
7. Name 11 Main Muscles [11]
8. Name an Antagonistic Pair [1]
9. For each of the levers, identify their use in sport [3]
1,2,3…FLE 10. What are the 3 planes of movement and axis of
rotation that match [6]
11. What are the 2 systems of the double circulatory system? [1]
12. What are the 3 different types of blood vessels? [3]
13. List the pathway of blood through the heart [5] Lungs →
14. What is the formula for cardiac output? [1]
CO =
15. Identify the role of blood cells [2] White: Red:
16. Link the pathway of air through the respiratory system [2] Nasal Passage Red Blood Cells
17. Describe the differences between Aerobic & Anaerobic Exercise with practical examples [2] Aerobic Anaerobic
18. Identify 3 Short Term Effects of Exercise [3]
19. Identify 3 Long Term Effects of Exercise [3]
20. Name 10 Components of Fitness [10]
21. Identify 5 Fitness Tests [5]
22. Identify the Training Principles – SPORT & FITT [2]
23. Identify the 7 Training Methods [7]
24. What are the 5 components of a warm up [5]
25. Give 2 Reasons to Warm up [2]
26. Give 2 Reasons to Cool Down [2]
27. Identify 2 effects of Lactic Acid on Performance [2]
1. Name the articulating (moving) bones in the following joints [4] Shoulder: Clavicle, Scapula & Humerus Knee: Femur & Tibia Elbow: Humerus, Radius & Ulna Hip: Pelvis & Femur
2. Identify 5 Functions of the Skeleton [5] Produce Red Blood Cells Support/Structure/Posture Protection Movement Store Minerals
3. Identify 2 types of Joint & Example [2] Hinge = Elbow/Knee Ball & Socket = Hip/Shoulder
4. Name the 6 Ranges of Movement with directional arrows [6] Rotation Circumduction Flexion Extension Adduction Abduction
5. Identify a Role of a Tendon [1] Connect muscle to bone Prevent overextension Gives stability/ support Apply the movement power
6. Identify a Role of a Ligament [1] Joins bone to bone Stabilises the joint Prevent extreme movements Prevents dislocations
7. Name 11 Main Muscles [11] Triceps Gastrocnemius Deltoid Abdominals Biceps Gluteals Trapezius Hamstrings Pectorals Latissimus Dorsi Quadriceps
8. Name an Antagonistic Pair [1] Bicep & Triceps Quadriceps & Hamstrings
9. For each of the levers, identify their use in sport [3] 1st – Neck – header in football 2nd – Ankle – jumping in basketball 3rd – Elbow – throwing in netball 1,2,3…FLE
10. What are the 3 planes of movement and axis of rotation that match [6] Sagittal Plane – Transverse Axis Transverse Plane – Longitudinal Axis Frontal Plane – Frontal Axis
11. What are the 2 systems of the double circulatory system? [1] Pulmonary System (Lungs) Systemic System (Body)
12. What are the 3 different types of blood vessels? [3] Arteries Arterioles Veins Venules Capillaries
13. List the pathway of blood through the heart [5] Pulmonary System (Lungs) Right ventricle – pulmonary artery - Lungs – pulmonary vein – left atrium → Systemic System (Body) Left ventricle – aorta – Muscles – vena cava – right atrium →
14. What is the formula for cardiac output? [1] Cardiac Output = Stroke Volume x Heart Rate
15. Identify the role of blood cells [2] White: fight infections Red: transport O2 and CO2
16. Link the pathway of air through the respiratory system [2] Nasal Passage Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli Red Blood Cells
17. Describe the differences between Aerobic & Anaerobic Exercise with practical examples [2] Aerobic Anaerobic Oxygen No Oxygen Low Intensity High Intensity Long Duration Short Duration Marathon Runner Sprinter
18. Identify 3 Short Term Effects of Exercise [3] Muscle Fatigue Vascular Shunt Mechanism Increase Muscle Temp, Heart Rate, Stroke Volume Increase Breathing Rate, Tidal & Minute Volume
19. Identify 3 Long Term Effects of Exercise [3] Lower resting heart rate Increase Lung Volume Decrease in resting blood pressure Increase Stroke Volume Hypertrophy Muscles Stronger
20. Name 10 Components of Fitness [10] Cardiovascular Endurance Speed Muscular Endurance Agility Muscular Strength Balance Flexibility Reaction Time Coordination Power
21. Identify 5 Fitness Tests [5] 30m Sprint Test Sit and Reach Test 12 Minute Cooper Sit up Test Bleep Test Press up Test Stork Test Ruler Drop Test Illinois Agility Test Wall Throw Test Vertical Jump Standing Board Jump Grip Strength Dynamometer
22. Identify the Training Principles – SPORT & FITT [2] Specificity Frequency
Progression Intensity Overload Type Reversibility Time Tedium
23. Identify the 7 Training Methods [7] Continuous Fartlek Plyometric Interval Circuit Weight High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)
24. What are the 5 components of a warm up [5] Pulse Raiser (Jogging) Mobility Dynamic Stretches Dynamic Movements (sprints) Sport Rehearsal (Skill/Drills)
25. Give 2 Reasons to Warm up [2] To prepare for performance Enables flexibility Increase Body Temp Reduce risk of injury Mental Preparation Increase Heart Rate Increase breathing rate Improve speed/strength of muscular contraction
26. Give 2 Reasons to Cool Down [2] Speeds removal of lactic acid/waste products Decrease Heart Rate/Blood Pressure Prevents stiffness/soreness Reduces risk of injury Prevent feeling tired Decrease Body Temp Decrease breathing rate
27. Identify 2 effects of Lactic Acid on Performance [2] Causes Fatigue/Tiredness Causes Pain/Aching/Soreness Stop activity/Decrease Performance
3. What national organisation aims to increase sporting participation [1]
4. Which groups are less likely to participate in sports [3]
5. Give 4 factors affecting Participation [4]
6. What are the strategies to improve participation [3]
7. Give an Example of an NGB [1]
8. Name 3 National Campaigns to improve health [3]
9. What 3 areas make up the golden triangle? [1]
10. Identify 2 Positives & Negatives for Media on Sport [4] Positive Negative
11. Give 2 positives and negatives of commercialisation on sport [4] Positive Negative
12. Give an example of Sportsmanship [1]
13. Why is sportsmanship important [1]
14. What is gamesmanship and give an example? [2]
15. What is deviance and Give an example? [2]
16. Identify 4 reasons sports performers take drugs [4]
17. Give 2 other impacts of drugs on performers [2]
18. Give 2 reasons for player violence in sport [2]
19. Describe the classifications of the environmental continuum? [2] Open – Closed –
20. Describe the classifications of the difficulty
continuum? [2] Simple – Complex –
21. Give a sporting example of each classification [4] Open – Closed – Simple – Complex –
22. Identify 5 Characteristics of Movement [5]
23. Give 2 reasons for goal setting [2]
24. Identify each part of the SMART Principle [5]
25. Why does mental preparation help performers? [2]
26. Identify 2 Methods of Mental Preparation [2]
27. Identify the 4 types of guidance [4]
28. Identify 4 types of Feedback [4]
29. Name the 7 Nutrients of a balanced diet with a food example [14]
30. Name the 6 Characteristics of Balanced Lifestyle [6]
31. Give 2 Physical benefits of an active lifestyle [2]
32. Give 2 Emotional benefits of an active lifestyle [2]
33. Give 2 Social benefits of an active lifestyle [2]
TOTAL = /100
TIME =
1. What is the Government Recommendations for
Exercise? [2] Adult – 30 minutes 5 times a week Children – 1 hour a day
2. What is a sedentary lifestyle [1] Less than 30 minutes of moderate activity a week
3. What national organisation aims to increase sporting participation [1] Sport England
4. Which groups are less likely to participate in sports [3] Age (Elderly/Children) Women Disabled Ethnic Minorities Low Socio-Economic Status
5. Give 4 factors affecting Participation [4] Age Gender Ethnicity/Religion Family Education Cost Disability Opportunity/Access Media Role Models
6. What are the strategies to improve participation [3] Promotion Provision Access
7. Give an Example of an NGB [1] England Netball Rugby Football Union (RFU) The FA Lawn Tennis Association England Hockey
8. Name 3 National Campaigns to improve health [3] Change4life Active Kids 5 a day This Girl Can 1 hour of activity a day
9. What 3 areas make up the golden triangle? [1] Sport, media and sponsorship
10. Identify 2 Positives & Negatives for Media on Sport [4] Positives Negatives Promotes Participation Couch Potato Healthy Lifestyle Bad Lifestyle Role Models (Pos+Neg) Body Image Increased Funding Sponsorship lost Minority Sports (Represented/Under)
11. Give 2 positives and negatives of commercialisation on sport [4] Positive Negative Increase participation Watch rather than play More entertaining Poor role models Fairer Pay per view Promotes sports Control sports rules Breaks stereotypes
12. Give an example of Sportsmanship [1] Kicking the ball out in Football for injured player Shaking hands at the start and end of match
13. Why is sportsmanship important [1] Enjoyable Role Model Good atmosphere Respect for officials
14. What is gamesmanship and give an example? [2] Bending the rules for an unfair advantage E.g. delaying play
15. What is deviance and Give an example? [2] Cheating or breaking the rules E.g. A high tackle in rugby/Two-footed challenge in football
16. Identify 4 reasons sports performers take drugs [4] Physical – build muscle/train harder/lose weight Psychological – steady nerves/motivation/aggression Win – fear of losing/money/fame/glory Belief – everyone is doing it/getting away with it
17. Give 2 other impacts of drugs on performers [2] Bans/Fines Lose Medals Lose Sponsorship Bad Role Model Break law of land Records Questioned Bad reputation for sport/country
18. Give 2 reasons for player violence in sport [2] Anger or frustration (poor decisions/performance) Emotional Intensity (Importance/Pre-match Hype) Abuse or Provocation (Hostile crowd/Retaliation) Lack of Discipline (No Punishment/Role Models) Nature of Game (Contact/Equipment/Dehumanise)
19. Describe the classifications of the environmental continuum? [2] Open – affected by environment/externally paced Closed – Not affected by environment/Self-paced
20. Describe the classifications of the difficulty continuum? [2] Simple – limited stimulus to process/few decisions Complex – Many stimulus to process/many decisions
21. Give a sporting example of each classification [4]
27. Identify the 4 types of guidance [4] Visual Verbal Manual Mechanical
28. Identify 4 types of Feedback [4] Intrinsic Positive Negative
Extrinsic Continuous Terminal Knowledge of Performance Knowledge of Results
29. Name the 7 Nutrients of a balanced diet with a food example [14] Protein – meat/fish/beans Minerals – veg/fruit/dairy Carbohydrate – pasta/bread/potatoes Vitamins – fruit/veg Fats – dairy, cakes, crisps Fibre – cereals/fruit/veg Water - water
30. Name the 6 Characteristics of Balanced Lifestyle [6] Non-Smoking Maintain Healthy BMI Active/Regular Exercise Low Stress Levels Healthy Diet Social Limited Alcohol Positive Mental Health
31. Give 2 Physical benefits of an active lifestyle [2] Improve Fitness Improve Posture Bone Density Reduce blood pressure Prevent obesity Help with Injury Reduce risk of diabetes or heart disease
32. Give 2 Emotional benefits of an active lifestyle [2] Reduce stress Improved self-image Self confidence
33. Give 2 Social benefits of an active lifestyle [2] Belonging to a group Making friends Reduce Loneliness
OCR GCSE (9-1) PE
Revision Booklet
Command Words
Answering the question in the correct manner, in order to satisfy all of the marks available, requires a firm understanding
of what you are been asked to do. HIGHLIGHT THESE WORDS IN ALL EXAMINATIONS!!!!
Understanding each of these command words is fundamental: get learning and applying...
The written examination(s) is linked to AO1, AO2 and AO3.
The paper will be written so that learners are able
to demonstrate their ability to:
AO1 Command words...
Calculate - Work out the value of
something.
Complete - Finish the task by
adding to given information.
Define - Specify the
meaning.
Identify - Name or otherwise
characterise.
Outline - Set out main
characteristics.
State - Express clearly and
briefly.
AO2 Command Words...
Apply - Put into effect in a
recognised way.
Consider - Review and respond to
given information.
Describe - Set out
characteristics.
Explain - Set out purposes or
reasons.
Suggest - Present
a possible case/solution
Illustrate - Present clarifying
examples.
Interpret - Translate information
into recognisable form.
AO1:
Demonstrate
Knowledge.
AO2:
Application of
Knowledge.
AO3:
Analysis &
Evaluation of
Knowledge.
AO3 Command Words...
Analyse - Separate information into components and indentify their characteristics.
Compare - Identify similarities and differences.
Discuss - Present key points about different ideas or strengths and weaknesses
of an idea.
Evaluate - Judge from available evidence.
Justify - Support a case with evidence. Use the word 'because' throughout...
Knowledge is
key...
Though, so is
responding to
command words!
GCSE PE MNEMONICS The following mnemonics are for the new OCR GCSE PE specification.
Components of Fitness
Mr Speed Can Play Football, Basketball, Cricket, Rugby And Swim.
- Muscular Endurance
- Speed
- Cardio Vascular Endurance/Stamina
- Power
- Flexibility
- Balance
- Co-ordination
- Reaction Time
- Agility
- Strength
Functions of the Skeleton
Some People Might Punch Bad Men.
- Support
- Protection
- Movement
- Posture
- Blood cell production
- Mineral storage
Movements at a Synovial Joint
Fried Eggs Are Always Runny
- Flexion
- Extension
- Abduction
- ADDuction
- ABDUCTion
- Rotation
Pathway of air – Respiratory
No Teachers Like Bad Boy Attitude
- Nose/Mouth
- Trachea
- Lungs
- Bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Alveoli
A Balanced Diet
Very Fat Women Frequently Pursue More Calories
- Vitamins
- Fat
- Water
- Fibre
- Protein
- Minerals
- Carbohydrates
Tick off
as you
complete
. them
Contents
Unit 1.1.a - The Structure and Function of the Skeletal System Done it Got it Nailed it
• The location of the 19 major bones in the body.
• The functions of the skeleton.
• The location of the hinge and ball and socket joints in the body.
• The types of movements possible at the joints of the body.
• The roles of ligaments, cartilage and tendons.
Unit 1.1.b - The Structure and Function of the Muscular System Done it Got it Nailed it
• The location of the 11 major muscles in the body.
• The muscles that contract to create movement at each joint.
• The definitions and roles of the agonist, antagonist and
fixator in an antagonistic muscle action.
Unit 1.1.c - Movement Analysis Done it Got it Nailed it
• The three types of lever in the body and sporting
examples of when they are used.
• The three planes of movement in the body.
• The three axes of rotation in the body.
Unit 1.1.d - The Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems Done it Got it Nailed it
• The three types of blood vessel.
• The pathway of blood through the heart.
• The definitions of heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output,
breathing rate, tidal volume and minute ventilation.
• The role of red blood cells.
• The process of gaseous exchange and the role of alveoli.
• The definitions of aerobic and anaerobic exercise
with sporting examples.
Unit 1.1.e - The Effects of Exercise on the Body Systems Done it Got it Nailed it
• The short term effects of exercise on the muscular system.
• The short term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system.
• The short term effects of exercise on the respiratory system.
• The long term effects of exercise on the muscular system.
• The long term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system.
• The long term effects of exercise on the respiratory system.
• The long term effects of exercise on the skeletal system.
Unit 1.2.a - The Components of Fitness Done it Got it Nailed it
• The definitions and sporting examples of the components
of fitness (muscular endurance, cardiovascular endurance,
• The fitness tests for the components of fitness.
Unit 1.2.b - The Principles of Training Done it Got it Nailed it
• The definitions of the principles of training and how these
are applied to increase fitness.
• The definitions of the elements of the FITT principle
and how they can increase fitness.
• The methods of training and sporting examples of when
these would be used.
• The benefits of and reasons for warming up and cooling down.
Unit 1.2.c - Preventing Injury in Physical Activity and Training Done it Got it Nailed it
• The ways to prevent injury in physical activity and sport.
• The potential hazards in a range of physical activity
and sport settings.
Unit 2.1.a - Engagement Patterns of Different Social Groups Done it Got it Nailed i
in Physical Activity and Sport
• The 14 factors that can affect participation in sport.
• The strategies that can be used to improve participation.
Unit 2.1.b - Commercialisation of Physical Activity and Sport Done it Got it Nailed it
• The different types of media.
• The meaning of commercialisation including the golden
triangle (sport, sponsorship and the media).
• The positive and negative effects of sponsorship
on commercialisation and sport.
Unit 2.1.c - Ethical and Socio-Cultural Issues in Physical Activity and Sport Done it Got it Nailed it
• The definitions and examples of sportsmanship, gamesmanship
and deviance.
• The effect of performance enhancing drugs (anabolic steroids,
beta blockers and stimulants) on performance.
• The side effects of performance enhancing drugs on
the performer.
• The reasons for player violence in sport.
Unit 2.2 - Sports Psychology Done it Got it Nailed it
• The characteristics of skilful movement.
• The difficulty and environmental continua with sporting examples.
• The characteristics of SMART goals and the importance of
setting them.
• The mental preparation techniques used in sport.
• The types of guidance used in sport.
• The types of feedback used in sport.
Unit 2.3 - Health, Fitness and Well-being Done it Got it Nailed it
• The definitions of health, fitness and well-being.
• The health benefits of physical activity.
• The consequences of a sedentary lifestyle.
• The definitions and components of a balanced lifestyle.
• The effect of diet and hydration on energy use in
physical activity.
Unit 1.1.a - The Structure and Function of the Skeletal System
Synovial Joints:
Function of the skeleton • About the function
• Relevance of each function to sport (give sporting example)
_______ and support to the body
Allow ___________ (muscles
attachment)
__________ of internal organs
Produce blood (____ and _______
blood cells)
Storage of _________ and
phosphorous
Missing words: Movement Red Shape White Protection Calcium
Your notes...
Unit 1.1.b - The Structure and Function of the Muscular SystemLabel the major muscles....
Antagonistic Muscle and the skeletal movements they produce...
Complete the statements below by identifying which muscles are contracting to allow the squash player in to achieve the described actions (Refer to picture).
(a) The racket arm is bent at the elbow due to the contraction of the ................................................................ .(1) (b) The leading leg is straight at the knee due to the contraction of the ................................................................ .(1) (c) The player pushes off the toes of the trailing leg due to the contraction of the ................................................................ .(1) (d) The non racket arm has been taken away from the body at the shoulder by the contraction of the ................................................................ to help the player maintain balance.(1)
Joint: Elbow
Movement Agonist Antagonist Sporting Example
Flexion Bicep Tricep Table Tennis
Backhand
Joint: Knee
Movement Agonist Antagonist Sporting Example
Joint: Shoulder
Movement Agonist Antagonist Sporting Example
Joint: Hip
Movement Agonist Antagonist Sporting Example
Your notes...
Unit 1.1.c - Movement Analysis
Planes of Movement... Sporting Examples...ALWAYS GYMNASTICS!!!
Axes of Rotation...
Longitudinal Transverse Frontal
Levers...
EFL the ELF FEL
Your notes...
Unit 1.1.d - The Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems
The CV System consists of : The three Blood Vessels:
Word Bank - The Body - Vena Cava - Left Ventricle - Right Ventricle - The Lungs - Left Atrium - Right Atrium - Pulmonary Artery - Pulmonary Vein - Aorta
Your notes...
Unit 1.1.e - The Effects of Exercise on the Body Systems
Immediate/Short Term Effects of Exercise....
Muscular System - Increased muscle temperature - Re-distribution of blood to working muscles
Exam questions 1. (i) Usman has a short stride length. To improve his range of movement he works on his ............................................................................................. a component of fitness. (1) (ii) Name a fitness test that Usman could use to monitor improvement in this component of fitness. (1) ..........................................................................................................................................
2. The vertical jump test measures leg power. Discuss the suitability of this test for a football player. (3) .................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................
5. Identify a suitable test that can be used to assess the stamina of a marathon runner.
Functions of the skeleton Understand and apply examples of how the skeleton provides support, posture, protection, movement,
blood cell production and storage of minerals.
Types of synovial joint
Know the definition of a synovial joint, the 2 main hinge joints (knee, elbow) and 2 main ball and socket
joints (shoulder, hip) and the articulating bones for all these joints.
Types of movement at hinge joints and ball and socket joints Know the types of movement at hinge joints and ball and socket joints and be able to provide practical
examples from sport for both types of joint.
Other components of joints Know the roles of ligaments, tendons and cartilage.
1.2
The structure
and function of
the muscular
system
Location of major muscle groups Know the name and location of the deltoid, trapezius, latissimus dorsi, pectorals, biceps, triceps,
abdominals, quadriceps, hamstrings, gluteals, gastrocnemius, and be able to provide practical examples of
when they are used in sport.
The roles of muscle in movement Know the definitions and roles of the agonist, antagonist and fixator and be able to apply them to
examples from sport. To understand the process of antagonistic muscle action.
Lever systems Know the three classes of lever (1st, 2nd, 3rd class) and their use in physical activity and sport. To know the
definition of mechanical advantage.
Planes of movement and axes of rotation Know the location of the planes of movement in the body (frontal, transverse, sagittal) and their
application to physical activity and sport. To know the location of the axes of rotation in the body (frontal,
transverse, longitudinal) and their application to physical activity and sport.
1.4
The
cardiovascular
and respiratory
systems
Structure and function of the cardiovascular system Know the double-circulatory system (systemic and pulmonary). Know the structure and function of the
different types of blood vessel (arteries, veins, capillaries). Understand the pathway of blood through the
heart and the role of red blood cells. Know the definitions of heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output.
Structure and function of the respiratory system Understand the pathway of air through the respiratory system (mouth/nose – trachea – bronchi –
bronchiole – alveoli). Know the role of the respiratory muscles (diaphragm, intercostal muscles) during
breathing. Know the definitions of breathing rate, tidal volume and minute ventilation. Understand how
gaseous exchange takes place in the alveoli.
Aerobic and anaerobic exercise Know the definitions of aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Be able to apply practical examples of aerobic and
anaerobic activities in relation to intensity and duration.
1.5
Effects of
exercise on
body systems
Short-term effects of exercise Understand the short-term effects of exercise on muscle temperature, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac
output, redistribution of blood flow, respiratory rate, tidal volume, minute ventilation, oxygen to working
muscles and lactic acid production. To be able to apply these effects to physical activity/sport and be able
to collect and use data in relation to these effects of exercise.
Long-term (training) effects of exercise Understand the long-term effects of exercise on bone density, hypertrophy of muscle, muscular strength,