Water Availability in High Mountain Glacial River in Nepal Gautam Rajkarnikar Nepal July 14,2013
Water Availability in High Mountain Glacial River in
Nepal
Gautam Rajkarnikar Nepal
July 14,2013
• Sta/on : Dingboche Meteorolgical sta/on • Place : Dingboche • Al/tude: 4320 m • Parameters: Thermo-‐hygrograph , Solar Radia/on Recorder, Anemometer
• Manual Rain Gauge and Totalizer • AWS – Data logger.
Khumbu Meteorological Sta/on
Meteorological Sta/on
• Sta/on no : 666 • River : Imja Khola • Place: Dingboche • Lat : 27º53’40” • Long : 85º56’40” • Al/tude: 4320 m • Catchments Area: 135 km2
• Established: 1987
HYDROLOGICAL STATION
Imja khola at Dingboche
Monthly Average Discharge, Imja Khola
Sta/on Number: 666 Loca/on: Dingboche La/tude: 27 53 40 River: Imja Longitude: 86 56 40
AVERAGE MONTHLY AND YEARLY DISCHARGE (in m3/s)
Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year 1990 1.42 1.50 1.42 1.44 1.83 1.97 5.70 4.44 2.97 1.88 2.14 1.99 2.39 1991 1.49 1.29 1.56 1.57 2.50 4.21 6.15 6.16 3.95 3.04 3.10 2.12 3.10 1992 1.50 1.42 1.45 1.66 1.95 3.42 4.21 5.19 4.64 3.29 2.63 2.28 2.80 1993 1.43 1.33 1.41 1.49 2.87 3.64 3.78 5.17 3.95 3.04 3.10 2.12 2.78 1994 1.43 1.33 1.07 1.12 1.26 2.61 3.57 4.87 3.95 2.80 2.01 1.43 2.29 1995 1.27 1.26 1.25 1.25 1.90 3.26 4.25 5.25 3.15 2.36 2.40 1.30 2.41 1996 1.30 1.39 1.36 1.46 2.21 2.53 3.59 4.67 4.03 2.69 1.60 1.32 2.35 1997 1.30 1.37 1.45 1.46 2.22 3.12 5.09 5.43 3.93 2.89 2.24 2.00 2.71 1998 1.72 1.77 2.02 2.54 3.18 5.03 3.95 5.00 3.91 3.05 3.11 2.13 3.12 2000 0.98 1.02 1.15 1.63 2.01 2.74 4.56 5.60 2.43 1.65 1.24 0.88 2.16
Average 1.38 1.37 1.41 1.56 2.19 3.25 4.49 5.18 3.69 2.67 2.36 1.76 2.61
Hydrograph of Imja Khola
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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Dis
char
ge in
m3 /s
Average Monthly Discharge of Imja Khola
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
2000
Average
Gauge sta/on, Pangboche
• Sta/on: Langtang • Place: Kyangjing • Lat: 28º13’00” • Long: 85º37’00” • Al/tude: 3920m • Parameters: Thermo-‐hygrograph, Anemometer • Manual raingauge, Totalizer, • AWS Data logger • Established date:1987 Jul 17
Langtang Meteorological Sta/on
Langtang Meteorological Sta/on
• Sta/on no : 446.1 • River Name : Langtang khola ( Source: Langtang Glacier) • Lat: 28º13’00” • Long: 85º33’00” • Al/tude : 3800 m • Catchment area: 340 km2
• Place: Kyangjing • Parameters: staff Gauge 1 m to 4 m • Established: 1987 Jul 17
Langtang Hydrological Sta/on
Langtang Hydrological Sta/on
Langtang Khola
Monthly Average Discharge,Lantang Khola
Sta$on number: 446.1 Loca$on: Langtang Village La$tude: 28 13 00 River: Langtang Khola Longitude: 85 37 00
AVERAGE MONTHLY AND YAERLY DISCHARGE (in m3/s)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year 1993 3.06 2.91 2.49 2.73 4.48 8.68 13.7 14.2 10.4 4.24 3.49 3.02 6.12 1994 2.51 2.44 2.41 2.42 3.24 9.52 11.6 12.4 9.06 5.36 4.46 3.12 5.71 1995 2.36 2.37 2.35 2.46 2.85 13.4 13.0 12.8 9.62 4.70 3.44 3.32 6.05 1996 3.11 3.02 2.72 2.57 4.71 12.3 13.4 12.9 9.20 4.76 3.41 2.74 6.23 1997 2.40 2.32 2.25 2.41 5.13 10.6 14.7 13.5 13.7 10.0 5.77 2.93 7.14 1998 3.03 3.03 2.66 2.87 5.22 13.0 15.5 14.5 11.1 7.79 4.19 2.61 7.12 1999 2.59 2.65 2.68 6.62 10.8 12.3 15.7 15.4 10.6 4.15 2.53 2.43 7.37 2000 ... ... 1.08 1.27 3.50 8.33 11.3 10.7 8.96 4.14 3.02 2.34 ... 2001 2.32 1.95 1.87 2.49 3.79 6.62 11.6 11.5 7.80 4.01 3.14 2.55 4.98 2002 1.26 0.827 1.26 1.96 2.97 9.22 14.2 12.9 8.57 5.66 4.25 3.69 5.56 2003 3.46 2.98 2.86 3.43 4.70 9.10 11.3 12.4 10.5 5.77 4.17 3.54 6.18 2004 2.62 2.19 2.4 2.65 4.09 6.29 11.4 11.9 8.62 4.15 2.99 2.59 5.17 2005 2.48 2.23 2.19 2.30 3.46 10.6 12.5 12.1 8.09 4.27 3.09 2.75 5.50 2006 2.48 2.24 2.12 2.20 3.44 9.37 12.1 11.7 9.13 4.26 2.80 2.44 5.36
Average 2.59 2.39 2.24 2.74 4.46 9.95 13.0 12.8 9.67 5.24 3.63 2.86 6.04
Hydrograph of Lantang Khola
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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Dis
char
ge (m
3 /s)
Average Monthly Discharge of Langtang Khola
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Average
Conclusions • The monitoring station should be telemetry
to get information/ data on real time basis. • Strong database including snow and
g lac ie r i n fo rmat ion needs to be established.
• The observation network should be sustainable.
• Networks be equipped with robust tools and trained human resources for data collection, compilation, and processing.
Thank You