Gas Piping

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DESIGN AND APPLICATION OF

GAS PIPING SYSTEM IN BUILDING

• LPG• MEDICAL GAS

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LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

• COMMERCIAL

• LABORATORY

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MEDICAL GAS• HOSPITAL

– Oxygen– Nitrous oxide– Helium– Nitrogen– Mixed gas

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STANDARD AND CODE REFERENCE

ON LPG SYSTEM

• E.I.T. Standard 3006-40 (Standard for Liquid Petroleum Gas system)• Liquid Petroleum Gas law (From Ministry of Interior)

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STANDARD AND CODE REFERENCE

ON MEDICAL GAS

• NFPA Standards 99 (Standard for Health Care Facilities)• NFPA Standard 50 (Bulk Oxygen Systems at Consumer Sites)

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Planing• Architectural and Structure Plan•Gas Equipment Information•Code and Law•Piping lay-out

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Sizing of Gas Piping System• Determine the maximum possible gas

demand

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Determine the maximum possible gas demand• Commercial kitchen use 100% Simultaneous use

factor• Dwelling unit use 65,000 Btu/hr/unit

(See simultaneous use factor in Table 2)• Laboratory use 5,000 Btu/hr/burner

(See simultaneous use factor in Table 3)

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Determine the pressure drop• Less than 10% of working pressure

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Determine the distance to the most remote gas outlet• Equivalent length

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Determine the specific gravity of the gas• Use the gravity factor

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Determine the system design pressure• National Fuel Gas Code - 5 Psi maximum for NG. - 20 Psi Maximum for LPG.

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TABLE 3

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TABLE 4

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TABLE 5

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Determine the pipe size Example :

80

SECTION 3

Pout=10 psi

20 25FT

20FT

SECTION 1SECTION 2

1,888,00 BTU/HR

1,145,00 BTU/HR

2,120,00 BTU/HR

2,400,00 BTU/HR

A

C

B

D

3020

60

40

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Determine the pipe size Solution :

- The distance to the most remote gas outlet is 185 FT- Outlet A : = 1450 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 1”- Outlet B : = 1888 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 1 1/4”- Outlet C : = 2120 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 1 1/4”- Outlet D : = 2400 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 1 1/4”

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Determine the pipe size Solution :Section 1 : 3,338 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 1 1/2”Section 2 : 5,458 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 2”Section 3 : 7,858 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 2”

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Determine the pipe size Solution :

SECTION 3

Pout=10 psi

11/4"

A

C

B

2" 11/2"

11/4"

1"

11/4"

2"

D

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Determine the pipe size• See Figure 1 (Low pressure)• See Figure 2 (High pressure)

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Piping Materials (NFPA 54)• Steel pipe - ASTM A53 - ASTM A106• Copper pipe - ASTM B42

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Tubing Materials (NFPA 54)• Steel tube - ASTM A539• Copper tube - ASTM B88 (Type K or L)

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CRITERIA TO DESIGNLIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Other Standard• Tubing Material Copper Tube - EN 1057- R250 ✐ Table X ✐ Table Y - EN 1057-R220 ✐ Table W ✐ Table Y

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Piping Components• Gas Meter• Gas Pressure Regulators - Service pressure regulator - Line pressure regulator• Overpressure Protection• Back Pressure Protection• Shut off valves

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Gas Piping Installation• Underground - More than 0.45m under cover - Coatings and Wrappings

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Gas Piping Installation• Above ground Piping Outside A Building - Protected from physical damage - Corrosion

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Gas Piping Installation• In Building - In Concealed Location ✐ Above-ceiling ✐ Partitions ✐ Floors

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Pressure-Testing Inspection• Test Preparation• Test Pressure - 1.5 times of maximum working pressure• Test Duration - 10 min for pipe volume less than 0.28m3

- 30 min for each 14.0m3 of pipe volume

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS System Check• Check entire system• Purging - 1.5 times of maximum working pressure• Test Duration - 10 min for pipe volume less than 0.28m3

- 30 min for each 14.0m3 of pipe volume

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASPlanning• Architectural and Structure Plan• Gases Information• Codes and Law• Piping lay out

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASSizing of Gas Piping System• Oxygen Systems - 1 to 100 outlets, manifold - over 100 outlets, bulk - Determine the maximum possible gas demand

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TABLE 6

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASOxygen Systems• Pipe sizing - Maximum friction loss of 5 psi - Outlet pressure (> 50 psi) - Pressure loss (see Table)

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TABLE 7 Pressure loss per 100 ft of pipe, psi

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASSizing of Gas Piping System• Nitrous Oxide Systems - Determine the maximum possible gas demand

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TABLE 8

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASNitrous Oxide Systems• Pipe sizing - Maximum friction loss of 5 psi - Outlet pressure (> 50 psi) - Pressure loss (see Table)

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TABLE 9 Pressure loss per 100 ft of pipe, psi

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASPiping Materials (NFPA99)• Copper tube - ASTM B819 Seamless medical gas tube, Type K or L

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CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASPressure-Testing Inspection• Initial Pressure Test - 1.5 time of working pressure (not less than 150 psi)• Final Pressure Test - 20% above operating pressure - Duration (24 hrs.)