Galloper Wind Farm Project...Galloper Wind Farm Project Response to Development Consent Order Part 3 Requirement 26 Scheme of Archaeological Investigation (Onshore) June 2013 Document

Galloper Wind Farm Project Response to Development Consent Order

Part 3 Requirement 26 Scheme of Archaeological Investigation (Onshore)

June 2013 Document Reference – GWF R26 040613

Galloper Wind Farm Limited

Document title Galloper Wind Farm Project

Response to Development Consent Order

Part 3 Requirement 26

Scheme of Archaeological Investigations

(Onshore)

Status Submitted to SCDC

Document Reference GWF R26 040613

Date June 2013

Project name Galloper Wind Farm Project

Drafted by Main Report – Prepared by Wessex Archeology

Checked by

Date/initials check

GWFL Approved by Hugh Morris

Date/initials approval 04/06/13

Responses to Development Consents Order Requirement 26: Archaeological WSI

Submitted to SCDC June 2013

CONTENTS Page

1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 General 1

2 DCO PART 3 REQUIREMENT 2 2.1 Requirement 26 – Archaeology 2

Appendix 1: Wessex Archaeology, Galloper Offshore Wind Farm, Written

Scheme of Investigation (Onshore)

Response to Development Consent Order Part 3 Requirement 26 Archaeology

Submitted to SCDC Page 1 June 2013

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 General

1.1.1 This document relates to the proposed Galloper Wind Farm (GWF) project, to be constructed off the coast of Suffolk, and associated infrastructure to connect to the national electricity transmission system at Sizewell, Suffolk. It forms part of a series of submissions to Suffolk Coastal District Council in response to requirements set out in Part 3 of the Galloper Wind Farm Order 2013.

1.1.2 The Galloper Wind Farm Order 2013 was made by on the 24th of May 2013, having received a direction from the Secretary of State for Energy, following an examination by the National Infrastructure Directorate of the Planning Inspectorate.

1.1.3 Section 2 of this document sets out the relevant Requirement being addressed, whist Section 3 sets out GWFL’s interpretation of this Requirement and provides the relevant information.

1.1.4 Provision 2 (f) of the relevant requirement relates to the nomination of a competent person or organization to undertake the works set out in the WSI. It is assumed that for the Enabling Works contract this will be ‘Wessex Archaeology’ who also prepared the report. If for any reason the contractor proposes an alternative provider, the details will be submitted for approval.

1.1.5 The details of the archaeological service provider for the National Grid and Galloper Electrical works will be submitted in advance of these stages of work.

1.1.6 This WSI applies to all stages of the onshore construction works.

Response to Development Consent Order Part 3 Requirement 26 Archaeology

Submitted to SCDC Page 2 June 2013

2 DCO PART 3 REQUIREMENT

2.1 Requirement 25 – Archaeology

2.1.1 The Draft DCO states:

(1) Neither the connection works nor the transmission works shall commence until in relation to the relevant works a written scheme of archaeological investigation has been submitted to and approved in writing by the relevant planning authority, in consultation with Suffolk County Council. (2) The scheme shall include an assessment of significance and research questions and:

(a) the programme and methodology of site investigation and recording; (b) the programme for post investigation assessment; (c) provision to be made for analysis of the site investigation and recording; (d) provision to be made for publication and dissemination of the analysis and records of the site investigation; (f) nomination of a competent person or organisation to undertake the works set out within the written scheme of investigation.

(2) Neither the connection works nor the transmission works shall commence until in relation to the relevant works the relevant site investigation has been completed as approved, and such completion has been approved in writing by the relevant planning authority. (3) Neither the connection works nor the transmission works shall be brought into commercial operation (excluding commissioning) until in relation to the relevant works the site investigation and post investigation assessment have been completed in accordance with the programme in the approved scheme and the provision made for analysis, publication and dissemination of results and archive deposition has been secured. (4) The written scheme in relation to the relevant works shall be carried out as approved, unless otherwise agreed in writing with the relevant planning authority.

Appendix 1: Galloper Offshore Wind Farm, Written Scheme of Investigation (Onshore), Wessex Archaeology, February 2012

Wessex Archaeology

February 2013Ref: 85470.02

Galloper Offshore Wind

Written Scheme of Investigation -

Onshore

GALLOPER OFFSHORE WIND

WRITTEN SCHEME OF INVESTIGATION - ONSHORE

Prepared by:

Wessex Archaeology Portway House Old Sarum Park

Salisbury WILTSHIRE

SP4 6EB

Prepared for:

Galloper Wind Farm Ltd 55 Vastern Road

Reading RG1 8BU

Ref: 85470.02

February 2013

© Wessex Archaeology Limited 2013

Wessex Archaeology Ltd is a company limited by guarantee registered in England, company number 1712772. It is also a Charity registered in England and Wales, number 287786; and in Scotland, Scottish Charity number SC042630. Our registered office is at Portway House, Old Sarum Park,

Salisbury, Wilts SP4 6EB.

Galloper OWF WSI Onshore. Ref: 85470.02

i



Ref: 85470.02

Title: Written Scheme of Investigation - Onshore Principal Author(s): Nikki Cook Managed by: Nikki Cook Origination date: 28th November 2012 Date of last revision: 26th February 2013 Version: Final Wessex Archaeology QA: Euan McNeill

Status: Final following Client and Stakeholder comment

Summary of changes: Clarifications to Sections 5.2, 5.3 and addition of Section 5.4 Geoarchaeological Assessment

Associated reports: 85470.01 Client Approval: Colin McAllister


ii



Ref: 85470.02

Summary

Wessex Archaeology was commissioned by Galloper Wind Farm Ltd to prepare an archaeological Written Scheme of Investigation for the onshore elements of the proposed wind farm extension scheme. This Written Scheme of Investigation has been prepared in accordance with the guidance issued by Institute for Archaeologists and in consultation with English Heritage and Suffolk County Council. This document has also been prepared with reference to the draft Development Consent Order and Brief for Archaeological Excavation supplied by Suffolk County Council Archaeological Service.


iii



Ref: 85470.02

Acknowledgements Wessex Archaeology was commissioned by Galloper Wind Farm Ltd to prepare an archaeological Written Scheme of Investigation for the onshore elements of the proposed wind farm extension scheme, and Wessex Archaeology is grateful to Colin McAllister in this regard. This document has been prepared by Dr Nikki Cook MIfA.


iv



Ref: 85470.02

Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1. PROJECT BACKGROUND ................................................................................................. 1 1.2. DEVELOPMENT DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................... 2 1.3. AIMS AND OJECTIVES ...................................................................................................... 2 1.4. METHODOLOGY .............................................................................................................. 3 1.5. SITE LOCATION, TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY ................................................................. 3 2. KNOWN AND POTENTIAL ARCHAEOLOGY .............................................................. 3 2.1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................ 3 2.2. ONSHORE STUDY AREA .................................................................................................. 4 2.3. ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT .................................................................. 4 2.4. PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS ................................................................. 5 2.5. POTENTIAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL/PALAEOENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE ................................. 6 3. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS ............................................................................................. 6 3.1. POTENTIAL IMPACTS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE ................................................ 6 3.2. POTENTIAL IMPACTS DURING THE OPERATION PHASE ...................................................... 7 3.3. POTENTIAL IMPACTS DURING THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE ........................................... 7 4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ............................................................................... 7 4.1. ROLES ........................................................................................................................... 7 4.2. RESPONSIBILITIES ........................................................................................................... 8 4.3. COMMUNICATION ............................................................................................................ 8 5. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY/STRATEGY ................................................................. 9 5.1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................ 9 5.2. FIELDWORK REQUIREMENTS FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION .............................. 10 5.3. WATCHING BRIEF ......................................................................................................... 10 5.4. GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF BOREHOLE RESULTS ....................................... 11 5.5. STRIP, MAP AND RECORD ............................................................................................. 13 5.6. SURVEY........................................................................................................................ 13 6. FINDS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING ............................................................. 13 6.1. FINDS ........................................................................................................................... 13 6.2. ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING .......................................................................................... 14 6.3. HUMAN REMAINS .......................................................................................................... 15 6.4. TREASURE .................................................................................................................... 15 7. REPORTING ............................................................................................................... 15

8. ARCHIVE .................................................................................................................... 16

9. MONITORING AND REVIEWING THE WSI ............................................................... 17

10. HEALTH AND SAFETY .............................................................................................. 18 10.2. ACCESS ....................................................................................................................... 18 10.3. SERVICE LOCATION ...................................................................................................... 19 11. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................ 20


v

APPENDIX I: BRIEF FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION AT GALLOPER WIND FARM ONSHORE WORKS ................................................................................................. 21

APPENDIX II: REQUIREMENTS FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS 2012 ........... 22

Figures Figure 1: Onshore General Arrangement Figure 2: Location of evaluation trenches, UXO buffers and OHL exclusion zone Figure 3: General onshore arrangement and location of evaluation trenches 2012 Figure 4: Onshore ground investigation borehole locations

Galloper OWF WSI Onshore. Ref: 85470.02 .:

1



Ref: 85470.02

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. PROJECT BACKGROUND

1.1.1. Wessex Archaeology (WA) has been commissioned by Galloper Wind Farm Ltd (GWFL) to prepare an archaeological Written Scheme of Investigation (WSI) for the onshore elements of the Galloper Wind Farm (GWF) extension project.

1.1.2. GWFL submitted a draft Development Consent Order (DCO) application to the Infrastructure Planning Commission (IPC), which was accepted in December 2011.

1.1.3. The draft DCO states, with reference to Archaeology:

25.—(1) Neither the connection works nor the transmission works shall commence until in relation to the relevant works a written scheme of archaeological investigation has been submitted to and approved in writing by the relevant planning authority, in consultation with Suffolk County Council.

(2) The scheme shall include an assessment of significance and research questions and: (a) the programme and methodology of site investigation and recording; (b) the programme for post investigation assessment; (c) provision to be made for analysis of the site investigation and recording; (d) provision to be made for publication and dissemination of the analysis and

records of the site investigation; (f) nomination of a competent person or organisation to undertake the works set

out within the written scheme of investigation. (2) Neither the connection works nor the transmission works shall commence until in relation to the relevant works the relevant site investigation has been completed as approved, and such completion has been approved in writing by the relevant planning authority. (3) Neither the connection works nor the transmission works shall be brought into commercial operation (excluding commissioning) until in relation to the relevant works the site investigation and post investigation assessment have been completed in accordance with the programme in the approved scheme and the provision made for analysis, publication and dissemination of results and archive deposition has been secured. (4) The written scheme in relation to the relevant works shall be carried out as approved, unless otherwise agreed in writing with the relevant planning authority.

1.1.4. This document comprises the WSI for the onshore archaeology requirements as

required by the draft DCO, and has been prepared in consultation with English Heritage (EH) and Suffolk County Council (SCC).


2

1.1.5. A Brief for Archaeological Excavation has been prepared by Dr Jess Tipper of SCC’s Archaeological Service Conservation Team (SCCAS/CT) (Appendix I), and this WSI conforms to the requirements stipulated within the aforementioned Brief, as well as the SCCAS Requirements for Archaeological Excavation 2012 (Appendix II).

1.2. DEVELOPMENT DESCRIPTION

1.2.1. The proposed Galloper Wind Farm (GWF) is located in the Outer Thames Estuary, off the Suffolk and Essex coasts. The cable landfall is located at Leiston, Sizewell, Suffolk, from where the export cables will connect to the National Grid via an onshore substation located at Sizewell Wents, c.1km inland, centred on National Grid Reference (NGR) 646624 262742.

1.2.2. The substation will comprise two adjacent compounds: one containing GWF infrastructure (the GWF compound) and the other containing National Grid transmission infrastructure (the transmission compound). The onshore cable route will run from landfall to onshore transition bays and onward to the GWF compound. The GWF compound will connect via underground cabling to the adjacent transmission compound. A further area will be required during the construction phase to incorporate a site compound, car parking, storage areas and other supporting works (see Figure 1).

1.2.3. Further details of the project are included within ES Chapter 5 (Doc ref 5.2.5)1.

1.3. AIMS AND OJECTIVES

1.3.1. This WSI addresses the onshore elements of the GWF project. A separate WSI addressing the offshore elements of the scheme has also been prepared (Wessex Archaeology 2012, ref: 85470.01).

1.3.2. The aim of this WSI is to put in place the archaeological mitigation measures set out in the Heritage Statement prepared by Wessex Archaeology (WA 2011b) and Environmental Statement (GWFL, 2011) for the project, and to satisfy the Brief for Archaeological Excavation supplied by SSCAS/CT.

1.3.3. The objectives of the WSI are as follows:

• To fulfil the requirements of EH and SCCAS in respect of archaeological monitoring and mitigation of works associated with this project;

• To fully excavate features previously recorded at the substation site during archaeological evaluation;

• To ensure that any further archaeological features revealed during groundworks are excavated and sampled;

• To propose measures for the mitigation of archaeological remains encountered during construction work associated with the project; and

• To establish the reporting and archiving requirements for the archaeological works undertaken during construction and post-construction monitoring.

1 Available online via http://www.galloperwindfarm.com/application-documents.php

http://www.galloperwindfarm.com/application-documents.php


3

1.4. METHODOLOGY

1.4.1. The method statement sets out the strategy and methodology for the controlled monitoring, excavation and recording required for the onshore works, as stipulated within the Brief supplied by SCCAS (Appendix 1).

1.4.2. This WSI has been prepared in accordance with the Institute for Archaeologists’ (IfA) Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Excavation (as amended 2008), Standard and Guidance for an Archaeological Watching Brief (as amended 2008) and conforms to current best practice and to the guidance outlined in Management of Research Projects in the Historic Environment (English Heritage 2008).

1.4.3. The WSI will be submitted to, and approved by SCCAS, prior to any fieldwork commencing. EH also wish to receive a copy for comment.

1.5. SITE LOCATION, TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY

1.5.1. The area of the proposed substation and associated landscaping (c.7.73ha in size) (hereafter ‘the Site’) is located immediately to the west of the existing Greater Gabbard windfarm substation, as shown on Figure 1. The onshore cable route corridor extends for a length of c.1.13km from the substation to the cable landfall at the beach to the east.

1.5.2. The majority of the substation site lies within agricultural land currently under crop (c.5.12ha), with a small portion of the proposed area (c.1.26ha) lying within Broom Covert, which is currently uncultivated grassland, and another portion within woodland to the east. The Site is divided in the north by an extant hedge which separates the arable field from Broom Covert, and to the east by woodland.

1.5.3. The Site lies at approximately 10-15m above Ordnance Datum (aOD). The underlying geology of the Site comprises soils which are deep sand derived from the underlying glacio-fluvial drift of the Lowestoft Till Formation (Geological Survey of Great Britain, 1:50,000 map sheet 191).

2. KNOWN AND POTENTIAL ARCHAEOLOGY

2.1. INTRODUCTION

2.1.1. An archaeological desk based assessment for the onshore works was undertaken by Wessex Archaeology in 2009 (WA 2009) which identified the Site to be located within an area of high archaeological potential relating to possible prehistoric and medieval archaeological remains, as indicated by a concentric ring ditch recorded in the Suffolk Historic Environment Record (SHER) as visible on an aerial photograph and recorded artefact scatters. Results from archaeological works associated with the neighbouring onshore infrastructure for the Greater Gabbard Offshore Wind Farm (GGOWF) had also previously revealed significant archaeological deposits of regional importance within the area.

2.1.2. Following consultation with SCCAS/CT’s Archaeological Officer, archaeological evaluation prior to the submission of the planning application was required. The aim of the evaluation was to further inform the archaeological potential of the Site by quantifying the quality and extent of the archaeological resource at the Site and to inform the suitability of the area for development. The results of the evaluation would


4

also be used to help define the need for, and scope of, any further archaeological mitigation.

2.1.3. An archaeological field evaluation was therefore undertaken by Wessex Archaeology in July 2011 (WA 2011a), which evaluated an available area of c.3.1ha proposed for the substation site. The evaluation area was constrained by the suspected potential presence of unexploded ordnance (UXO) on Site, as well as restrictions regarding working beneath the overhead power lines (OHL) connected to the neighbouring Sizewell B nuclear power station.

2.1.4. A total of 35 machine excavated trial trenches, each measuring 25m x 1.8m, were excavated. The evaluation proved the existence of features consistent with small scale Late Prehistoric and Romano-British activity probably relating to farming practices. The pottery recovered from the site was of Romano-British date, with the exception of a sherd of Anglo-Saxon pottery. Some struck flint of prehistoric date was also recovered, as were some burnt flints consistent with prehistoric activity.

2.1.5. The evaluation showed that the Site occupies a raised area distinct from the surrounding low lying ground, suggesting that it may have remained relatively dry during periods of wet weather or tidal inundation, and therefore would have been suitable for occupation. Ditches observed on site dating from the prehistoric and Romano-British periods showed episodes of recutting, suggesting they were re-established on a regular, perhaps seasonal basis.

2.1.6. Following the intrusive archaeological evaluation and monitoring visit by SCC, it was agreed that any further archaeological works at the Site could be undertaken by way of an Archaeological Condition subsequent to the approval of the Development Consent Order for the Site.

2.2. ONSHORE STUDY AREA

Designations 2.2.1. The Site does not contain any remains with statutory or local heritage designations.

2.2.2. The nearest Scheduled Monuments comprise a bowl barrow on Aldringham Common c.1.6km to the south-southwest of the Site, and the remains of the second site of Leiston Abbey c.2.4km to the north-west of the Site.

2.2.3. The Leiston Conservation Area lies c.2km to the west of the Site, which also contains a number of Listed Buildings, but there are no listed buildings within a 1.8km radius of the Site.

2.2.4. There are no hedgerows deemed Important under the Hedgerow Regulations 1997 (amended 2002) within the Site.

2.3. Archaeological and historical context 2.3.1. The Site currently lies within an area of heath and agricultural land which separates

the inland settlement of Leiston to the west from the coastal village of Sizewell to the east. The Site was once Crown Land, and was open common until it was enclosed during the mid 19th century, having formerly been part of the monastic lands held by Leiston Abbey until the Dissolution in the 1530s when the land holdings were seized by the Crown.


5

2.3.2. The Suffolk County Council (SCC) Historic Environment Record (HER) records a potential prehistoric ring-ditch feature within the Site, as well as a prehistoric artefact scatter immediately to the south, in an area where medieval coarseware pottery has also been recorded (SSC Archaeological Service 1994). However, further investigation of this aerial photograph (recorded on Figure 4 in Richmond 1994) suggests that the location of the ring ditch has been erroneously recorded in the HER. When plotted in ArcGIS, the cropmark feature in question would appear to be a few metres to the north-east of the point recorded in the HER, but should still have been encountered during the archaeological evaluation (see Figure 1, Wessex Archaeology 2011). The HER were unable to find the original aerial photograph from which the cropmark ring ditch was identified, and therefore the accuracy of the rectification could not be ascertained.

2.3.3. Previous archaeological excavations associated with the neighbouring GGOWF substation recorded the remains of an early medieval boat which has been broken up during the 14th century and part of the hull re-used to create a timber lining for a square cistern or shallow well. A natural low-lying channel crossed the evaluation area, along which evidence for timber buildings, hearths and wood-lined water pits were recorded. On the higher ground to the west of Sandy Lane the remains of a large aisled barn and ancillary buildings were found. Archaeological features indicative of Romano-British field and enclosure ditches were also recorded, demonstrating the longevity of settlement and occupation in the area (Atfield, et al 2009).

2.4. Previous archaeological investigations 2.4.1. The Site was included in a wider archaeological evaluation undertaken by SCC

Archaeological Service (SCCAS) in 1994 in response to a proposal to construct a Pressurised Water Reactor (PWR) nuclear power station to the north of the current Sizewell power plant, to be known as Sizewell C. The Site was located in an area proposed for the potential disposal of peat deposits which were to have been excavated in substantial volumes during the construction phase of Sizewell C. These deposits were proposed to be spread out and ploughed into the existing soils, thus raising the level of the current land surface, with attendant risks to any surviving archaeological deposits (Richmond 1994: 5-6).

2.4.2. As part of the 1994 evaluation, desk-based research suggested the presence of a potential prehistoric ring-ditch within the Site, visible as a cropmark on aerial photographs (APs) (as previously discussed in paragraph 2.3.2). The Site was also fieldwalked, and corresponds to Field XIV, in which a scatter of several pot boiler flints and other worked flints of likely Neolithic or Bronze Age date were recorded, as well as some medieval coarseware pottery (see WA05 and WA27, Wessex Archaeology 2009).

2.4.3. No further archaeological investigations are recorded at the Site until the pre-determination archaeological evaluation undertaken by Wessex Archaeology in July 2011 (WA 2011a). Prior to this, a geophysical survey was conducted across the Site in May 2011 (6 Alpha Associates 2011), due to the potential risk of Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) across the Site. The anomalies identified during the geophysical survey are illustrated alongside the locations of the trial trenches in Figure 2 (taken from WA 2011b).


6

2.5. Potential archaeological/palaeoenvironmental resource 2.5.1. Across the Site there is the potential for further archaeological features to be

present, which were not encountered during the archaeological evaluation, as this only investigated a 5% sample of a restricted survey area. It is considered that any further features are likely to be of similar morphology to those already encountered, and thus relate to rural settlement activity dating to the prehistoric and Romano-British periods in particular, although material from other periods cannot be ruled out.

2.5.2. There is the potential for the UXO anomalies identified during the geophysical survey by 6 Alpha Associates to actually be of archaeological interest, and may relate to material dating to the Iron Age or later.

2.5.3. There is also the potential for the low-lying channel identified during work associated with the neighbouring GGOWF onshore substation to continue across into the area of the cable corridor leading south from the substation: the OHL exclusion zone and potential for UXO meant that this area was not assessed during the archaeological evaluation, and may contain deposits of archaeological interest dating to the medieval period or earlier.

2.5.4. Likewise there is the potential for waterlogged palaeoenvironmental deposits to exist within the southern part of Site (within the area of the proposed cable corridor), which was similarly excluded from the archaeological evaluation because of potential UXO and the OHL exclusion zone.

2.5.5. As noted in para 2.1.5, the footprint of the proposed substation within the northern portion of the Site occupies a raised area distinct from the surrounding low-lying ground, which appears suitable for occupation, as suggested by the assemblages of finds from across the Site. The ditches, which may represent drainage and/or boundary features, showed evidence for phases of re-cutting, which may have taken place seasonally. The sandy nature of the natural ground and the exposed nature of the Site would also have necessitated their re-establishment on a regular basis, if settlement were to continue for longer periods.

3. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS

3.1. POTENTIAL IMPACTS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE

3.1.1. The impacts noted here are summarised from the Environmental Statement –Technical Appendices 4, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, Heritage Statement (Onshore)19D (Document ref: 5.4.4) and draw on the same methodology.

Direct and indirect impacts (construction phase) Designated assets

3.1.2. As the Site has little or no direct line of sight to any Listed Buildings or Scheduled Monuments the proposed development is unlikely to produce any indirect (visual) impact on their setting. The predicted indirect magnitude of impact during the construction phase, and in terms of cumulative and residual impact, is assessed as No Change, and therefore the significance of the impact of the proposed development is neutral.

Buried Archaeology 3.1.3. Excavations for construction groundworks associated with the substation and

associated infrastructure will remove buried archaeological deposits where present,


7

which would constitute a direct major adverse impact. The recent intrusive archaeological evaluation identified a number of prehistoric and Romano-British features representing the likely remains of rural settlement, and further similar features are likely to be encountered elsewhere across the Site.

3.1.4. Archaeological remains are considered to be a non-renewable resource, and hence their removal/destruction during any groundworks at the Site will always be regarded as having a major direct adverse impact. However, the value of the resource is considered to be of low, local value and therefore the significance of effect will be slight/moderate. However, this will be partly mitigated through a programme of archaeological works to record and conserve the resource through ‘preservation by record’.

3.2. POTENTIAL IMPACTS DURING THE OPERATION PHASE

3.2.1. During the operation of GWF it is expected that there will be no further requirement for land to be disturbed or excavated, except in the event that cables require repair or maintenance. However, these activities would not extend beyond the construction footprint, and as any impacts would already have occurred during the construction phase no impact is expected upon the buried archaeological resource during the operation of GWF.

3.3. POTENTIAL IMPACTS DURING THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE

3.3.1. When GWF is decommissioned it will adhere to any future or modified legislation relevant at that time. The specific onshore decommissioning processes are expected to include:

• Export cables between the landfall and substation site to be disconnected and left in situ;

• Any equipment installed within the onshore transition bays will remain in situ, unless otherwise agreed with the relevant planning authority;

• The above ground substation assets will be dismantled and removed from site;

• The substation foundations will be removed to 1m below ground level; and

• The landform will be retained.

4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

4.1. ROLES

4.1.1. GWFL (the Developer) and/or their appointed representatives will retain the services of a suitably qualified and experienced archaeological contractor (the Retained Archaeologist) to ensure the effective implementation of the WSI and other contractual commitments in relation to archaeology.

4.1.2. The Archaeological Curators for historic environment interests onshore and within the intertidal zone will be Suffolk County Council Archaeological Service (SCCAS):

• Dr Jess Tipper, Suffolk County Council Archaeological Service, 9-10 Churchyard, Shire Hall, Bury St Edmunds, IP33 2AR.


8

4.1.3. Archaeological contractors will be appointed by GWFL and/or their appointed representatives to carry our specific packages of archaeological work. Contractors and sub-contractors are those appointed to deliver aspects of the development scheme.

4.2. RESPONSIBILITIES

4.2.1. The responsibility for implementing this WSI rests with GWFL and/or their appointed representatives.

4.2.2. GWFL and/or their appointed representatives, or any archaeological body that they may appoint to manage the implementation of the WSI, will seek curatorial advice from EH and SCCAS. Interaction with the Archaeological Curators, EH and SCCAS, will be administered by GWFL and/or their appointed representatives with advice where appropriate from the Retained Archaeologist.

4.2.3. The Retained Archaeologist will report to GWFL and/or their appointed representatives. Their duties will include:

• Maintaining, reviewing and updating this WSI, as required; • Advising GWFL’s Contractor(s) which elements warrant archaeological

involvement; • Advising GWFL’s Contractor(s) in the course of evaluating scope of work

specifications on their capacity to meet archaeological requirements; • Advising GWFL on the necessary interaction with third parties with

archaeological interests, including the Archaeological Curator; • Advising GWFL on the implementation of generic archaeological

requirements applicable to all construction activities; • Monitoring the work of and liaising with the Archaeological Contractor/s where

this is not the Retained Archaeologist; • Monitoring the preparation and submission of Archaeological Reports as

appropriate and making them available to the Archaeological Curator; • Preparing provisions for the management of the project archives in

consultation with an appropriate Museum; • Preparation of an Online AccesS to the Index of archaeological investigations

(OASIS) report; and, • Advising GWFL on final arrangements for analysis, archive deposition,

publication and popular dissemination. 4.3. COMMUNICATION

4.3.1. GWFL and/or their appointed representatives will provide an Archaeological Communication Plan. Typically this will include details of contacts within GWFL, their appointed representatives, all archaeological consultants and contractors, each nominated contact within the construction company(s) and the relevant archaeological curators. The plan will also include the projected timescale for all main construction activities for which there is a proposed archaeological response. The initial draft of the plan will be copied to EH and SCCAS to enable confirmation of appropriate contacts within these organisations.

4.3.2. Interaction with the Construction Team will be administered by GWFL and/or their appointed representatives.


9

5. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY/STRATEGY

5.1. INTRODUCTION

5.1.1. All works will be undertaken in accordance with the standards set out within this WSI which incorporates the requirements as listed within the SCCAS/CT Brief (Appendix I) and Requirement for Archaeological Excavation 2012 (Appendix II).

5.1.2. The archaeological contractor will consult with the Suffolk HER Officer to obtain a code number for the work before commencement. This number will be unique to the project and will be clearly marked on all documentation relating to the work.

5.1.3. The composition of the archaeological contractor’s staff will be detailed and agreed by SCCAS/CT, including any sub-contractors/specialists. Ceramic specialists will have relevant experience from the Suffolk region, including knowledge of local ceramic sequences. At present, it is not possible to include this information within the WSI as the precise Scheme details and timings are not yet finalised. However, this information will be submitted to SCCAS/CT in a revised WSI as soon as is practicable.

5.1.4. The SCCAS/CT Brief stipulates that a timetable for fieldwork and assessment stages of the project must be presented in the WSI and agreed with SCCAS/CT before fieldwork commences. At present, it is not possible to include this information within the WSI as the precise Scheme details and timings are not yet finalised. However, this information will be submitted to SCCAS/CT in a revised WSI as soon as is practicable.

5.1.5. Adequate time is to be allowed for full archaeological recording of deposits before any construction work can commence on Site, unless otherwise agreed by the LPA on the advice of SCCAS/CT. GWFL are aware that there may be a time delay for excavation and recording if unexpected and complex archaeological remains are recovered.

5.1.6. The SCCAS/CT Brief stipulates that the WSI must state the security measures which will be employed to protect the site from vandalism and theft, and to secure any deep holes. At present, it is not possible to include this information within the present WSI as the precise Scheme details are not yet finalised. However, this information will be submitted to SCCAS/CT in a revised WSI as soon as is practicable.

5.1.7. The SCCAS/CT Brief also stipulates that there should be provision within the WSI for public benefit in the form of communication and outreach activities. At present, it is not possible to include this information within the present WSI as the precise Scheme details and timings are not yet finalised. However, this information will be submitted to SCCAS/CT in a revised WSI as soon as is practicable.

5.1.8. The archaeological contractor will give SCCAS/CT ten working days notice of the commencement of groundworks on the Site, in order to facilitate their monitoring of the archaeological works.

5.1.9. Within the SCCAS/CT Requirement for Archaeological Excavation 2012, para 2.3, it is stated that a detailed risk assessment and management strategy must be presented for the project within the WSI. At present, it is not possible to include this information within the present WSI as the precise Scheme details and timings are


10

not yet finalised. However, this information will be submitted to SCCAS/CT in a revised WSI as soon as is practicable.

5.2. FIELDWORK REQUIREMENTS FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION

5.2.1. Prior to the commencement of any groundworks within the onshore development area it is expected that the area will be cleared of any potential UXO as identified by 6 Alpha Associates (May 2011) (Figure 2). These clearance procedures will be conducted under archaeological supervision by a suitably qualified archaeologist appointed by GWFL by way of an archaeological watching brief.

5.2.2. Archaeological investigation is to be carried out prior to development comprising the controlled excavation of the Site, encompassing the area of the new substation and associated landscaping works that has already been the subject of trenched evaluation (Figure 3). Within this area SCCAS/CT require a ‘strip, map and record’ of the Site: the topsoil will be removed (‘stripped’) under archaeological supervision, with any archaeological features planned and excavated (‘mapped and recorded’).

5.2.3. Controlled monitoring, excavation and recording (‘strip, map and record’) will also be required during the topsoil stripping within areas that have not been previously investigated. These areas comprise:

• export cable corridor and cable trenches; • temporary construction drilling and transition bays; and • other electricity cables and utility corridors.

5.2.4. The Brief supplied by SCCAS stipulates that a trial trench evaluation is required in

the area of Broom Covert to the west of the existing Greater Gabbard substation previously omitted from the 2011 field evaluation due to the potential for UXO. Figure 2 depicts the density of potential UXO in this area which may alternatively indicate sites/artefacts of potential archaeological interest. It has since been agreed with Dr Jess Tipper (pers comm., by email 23/05/2012) that this area should be included within the ‘strip, map and record’ exercise as per 5.2.3 following the removal of UXO under archaeological watching brief supervision.

5.2.5. The Brief supplied by SCCAS also stipulates that if extensive ground disturbance, and especially topsoil stripping of compounds, is required within the temporary construction area for the substation (c.9ha) and temporary construction area for the gantry and pylon works (c.0.75ha), then there is a requirement for a trial trench evaluation to assess the archaeological potential and to assess the need for further investigation. This is because these areas have not been previously evaluated.

5.2.6. However, following consultation with SCCAS, it has been agreed that any areas involving topsoil stripping will be mitigated by adopting the same strip, map and record strategy as proposed for the remainder of the site, without prior evaluation, due to time constraints on the project.

5.3. WATCHING BRIEF

5.3.1. An archaeological watching brief will be maintained during any intrusive site clearance works to remove potential UXO at the Site as identified by 6 Alpha in May 2011, which will be undertaken prior to construction works at the site (Figure 2). A watching brief will also be maintained during Ground Investigation (GI) works for the digging of test pits (Figure 4), but not for the boreholes, which will instead be mitigated by a programme of geoarchaeological assessment (see below 5.4).


11

5.3.2. An archaeological watching brief is a formal programme of observation and investigation conducted during any operation carried out for non-archaeological reasons. This will be within a specified area or site on land where there is a possibility that archaeological deposits may be disturbed or destroyed.

5.3.3. An archaeologist will be present during all intrusive works undertaken to clear the Site of potential UXO. If archaeological features and/or deposits are uncovered they will be excavated by hand if safe to do so.

5.3.4. In the event that archaeological deposits and features, including human remains are revealed (see below 6.3), these will be identified and made clear to GWFL and their groundwork contractor who will allow reasonable access to the archaeologist present to allow the excavation and recording of the archaeology present. Areas of archaeological interest will be marked up and suitably protected to prevent needless disturbance in advance of their investigation and clearance.

5.3.5. Where practical, and towards meeting the aims of the watching brief, excavation will include sampling of features and deposits in order to recover artefacts, ecofacts and dating evidence, and in order to determine stratigraphic relationships. Recording will include written, drawn, and photographic elements as conditions allow.

5.3.6. Archaeological features and deposits will be surveyed using a Total Station/GPS and related to Ordnance Survey.

5.3.7. If required, arrangements will be put in place with GWFL in order for the SCC Archaeological Officer to monitor the progress of the watching brief by means of site visits.

5.3.8. Should extensive and well preserved remains be found requiring a contingent excavation it will be necessary to agree with GWFL and the SCC Archaeological Officer a programme for this, extending the scope of archaeological works, whilst ensuring no unreasonable delay is caused to the ground works programme.

5.4. GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF BOREHOLE RESULTS

5.4.1. Geotechnical data (Test Pits and Boreholes) are to be acquired with a view to characterising the geotechnical conditions and geology of the Site in order to support the detailed design for the proposed onshore elements of the Galloper scheme.

5.4.2. The results of the borehole and test pit surveys provide an opportunity to review the geological sequence from a geoarchaeological perspective and to help gauge the archaeological potential of the Site, with regard to evidence of prehistoric activity within the area.

5.4.3. To help frame geoarchaeological investigations of this nature, Wessex Archaeology has developed a five stage approach, encompassing different levels of investigation appropriate to the results obtained, accompanied by formal reporting of the results at the level achieved. The stages are summarised below:


12

Stage 1: Review Onshore desk-based archaeological assessment of samples and logs generated by geotechnical contractors. This assessment will establish the presence and location of sediment units with likely archaeological, palaeo-environmental and/or dating potential, as a basis for deciding what Stage 2 archaeological recording is required. The Stage 1 report will state the scale of Stage 2 work proposed. Should no further works be required a brief Stage 1 report outlining the results of the assessment will be prepared.

Stage 2: Core / Sample Recording

Geoarchaeological recording and photography of samples. The stratigraphy of each sample will be recorded, a basic sediment description for each of the units will be made and those units of particular archaeological/palaeo-environmental interest will be highlighted. The Stage 2 report will state the nature and scope of any Stage 3 assessments required to characterise and interpret the sediment units in order to build an outline Quaternary deposit model and thus identify areas of potential archaeological significance.

Stage 3: Sub-sampling and Assessment

Sub-sampling and assessment of any units of archaeological and/or palaeo-environmental interest. Sub-samples for the assessment of microfossils (including pollen, diatoms, ostracods and/or foraminifera) and macrofossils (including waterlogged plants, charcoal, molluscs and beetles) will be taken. Assessment will comprise the presence of and quality of preservation of a series of sub-samples to enable the value of the palaeo-environmental material surviving within the samples to be identified. Suitable samples may also be taken at this stage in case scientific dating is required during Stage 4. The Stage 3 report will set out the results of each laboratory assessment together with an outline of the archaeological implications of the combined results, and will indicate whether any Stage 4 work is warranted.

Stage 4: Analysis and Dating

Full analysis of micro and macrofossils assessed during Stage 3. Typically, Stage 4 will be supported by scientific dating of suitable samples. Should Stage 3 assessment indicate that there is no further analytical work required on the microfossil assemblages, consideration will still be given for a programme of scientific dating to provide a chronological framework for the deposits encountered unless no suitable samples could be procured. The Stage 4 report will provide an account of the palaeoenvironment(s) at each relevant coring location within a chronological framework (absolute or relative) and an outline of the archaeological implications of the analysis.

Stage 5: Final Reporting

If the archaeological results are sufficiently significant, a final report will be compiled covering all aspects of the palaeo-topography and prehistory of the area affected by the development, incorporating the results of each stage. If the archaeological results are not significant then the relevant Stage Report(s) will constitute the final documents for the investigation. If required, the Final Report will include relevant data generated by the baseline assessment and geophysical (sub-bottom) review, in order to place the results of the sample recording and analysis within the context of the broad pattern of deposits within the area. The report will comprise as detailed a Quaternary deposit model for the area as possible, and address the implications of that model in terms of archaeological potential. The completed report will be deposited through OASIS (Online AccesS to the Index of archaeological investigationS), see http://oasis.ac.uk

5.4.4. A Stage 1 review of the samples and logs generated during the GI works will be prepared in the first instance, and the results of these written up into a report to be


13

submitted to Jess Tipper at SCCAS for review and discussion as to the need for any further work (Stages 2 onwards). This Stage 1 review will indicate the known depths of archaeological deposits, as well as assessing their character and potential.

5.5. STRIP, MAP AND RECORD

5.5.1. A strip, map and record exercise will be undertaken as topsoil is mechanically removed in spits by a 360º tracked machine with a smooth ditching bucket. This initial process will be constantly monitored by an archaeologist with any archaeological remains being fully recorded prior to the subsoil being removed down to the natural or the top of the archaeological horizon, whichever is encountered first.

5.5.2. Topsoil, subsoil and archaeological deposits will be kept separate during removal to allow sequential backfilling of excavations, unless otherwise agreed with GWFL.

5.5.3. The topsoil will be examined for archaeological material. A metal detector search will also be undertaken.

5.5.4. Excavation of all archaeological deposits will be undertaken by hand unless it can be shown that there will be no loss of evidence by using a machine.

5.5.5. Features of potential archaeological significance will be sampled by hand to determine their date and character; linear features will be sectioned and pits and post-holes will be subject to full excavation. All features which are, or could be interpreted as, structural will be fully excavated.

5.5.6. All archaeological deposits and artefacts encountered during the course of excavation will be fully recorded. All artefacts will be collected by hand and retained.

5.5.7. All archaeological deposits will be given individual context numbers and will be recorded using proforma context sheets. Archaeological features will be planned at a scale of 1:20 or 1:50 as appropriate. Sections and profiles through features will be drawn at a scale of 1:10 or 1:20 as appropriate. All levels will be related to Ordnance Datum. A full photographic record of the project will be maintained using an appropriate format.

5.5.8. The excavation of any human remains that are discovered will be carried out in accordance with Ministry of Justice regulations (see 6.3 below).

5.6. SURVEY

5.6.1. All survey will be undertaken using a Total Station or GPS system and tied into the Ordnance Survey.

6. FINDS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING

6.1. FINDS

6.1.1. Appropriate strategies for the recovery of artefacts and environmental samples will be devised and implemented by the Archaeological Contractor, and where appropriate, the English Heritage Scientific Advisor.

6.1.2. The sampling level for archaeological remains will be determined according to their importance, quality and nature of survival, but should normally seek to identify areas


14

of potential/absence, relationships, extent, complexity and approximate date. Sampling levels will be agreed with the SCC Archaeological Officer.

6.1.3. All artefacts from excavated contexts will be retained, except those from features or deposits of obviously modern date. In such circumstances, sufficient artefacts will be retained in order to elucidate the date and/or function of the feature or deposit. Material of undoubtedly modern date observed on the spoil heap of each trench would not be noted or retained.

6.1.4. Excavated spoil will be visually scanned for artefacts. Where appropriate, a suitable metal detector will be used to enhance artefact recovery and spoil heaps from excavation will be examined.

6.1.5. All retained artefacts will, as a minimum, be washed, weighed, counted and identified. Any artefacts requiring conservation or specific storage conditions will be dealt with immediately in line with First Aid for Finds (Watkinson & Neal 1998). Ironwork from stratified contexts will be X-rayed and stored in a stable environment along with other fragile and delicate material. The X-raying of objects and other conservation needs will be undertaken by an appropriate approved conservation centre. Suitable material, primarily the pottery, worked flint and non-ferrous metalwork, will be scanned to assess the date range of the relevant assemblages.

6.1.6. All artefacts recovered during the excavations on the Site are the property of the landowner. They are to be suitably bagged, bowed in accordance with the United Kingdom Institute for Conservation (UKIC), Conservation Guidelines nos.2 and, on completion of the archaeological post-excavation programme, will be deposited with SSC’s County Archaeological Stores, which operates as the main archaeological repository for the county.

6.2. ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING

6.2.1. Bulk environmental soil samples for plant macro fossils, small animal bones and other small artefacts will be taken from appropriate well sealed archaeological contexts, and will include samples from dated/dateable contexts, as well as those not readily dateable. Each context will normally be sampled. Samples of between 40-60 litres will be taken or 100 % of smaller contexts. Samples will not be taken from the intersection of features.

6.2.2. The residues and sieved fractions of the bulk environmental soil samples will be recorded and retained with the project archive.

6.2.3. Samples for charred plant remains (charcoal and charred seeds etc) will be taken from sealed deposits, both dated and undated, to define presence and preservation to enable comments on any further sampling strategy to be made.

6.2.4. For charred material, bulk samples of up to 60 litres will be taken for processing by flotation (using a double tank internal weir flotation system and double processing methods).

6.2.5. Mollusc samples of 2 litres each will be taken vertically from appropriate sections to investigate the changes of vegetation through time.

6.2.6. For wet, waterlogged or peaty deposits, bulk samples of 20 litres will be taken from visible layers or spits for the retrieval of plant macro-remains and insects. Monolith samples will also be taken and assessed.


15

6.2.7. Environmental samples from dry deposits will normally be processed by flotation following the evaluation fieldwork and the residues will be sorted to retrieve small bones, small finds and charcoal that has not floated.

6.2.8. The advice of the English Heritage Scientific Advisor will be sought regarding specialist sampling requirements and any scientific applications relevant to the archaeological evaluation of the Site.

6.2.9. Where appropriate the guidance in the following English Heritage papers will be followed:

• “Guidelines on the recording, sampling, conservation, and curation of waterlogged wood” 1996

• “Dendrochronology – guidelines on producing and interpreting dendrochronological dates” 1997

• “Archaeometallurgy” 2001 • “Environmental Archaeology: A guide to the theory and practice of methods, from

sampling and recovery to post-excavation” 2002 • “Human bones from Archaeological Sites: Guidelines for Producing Assessment

Documents and Analytical Reports” 2004 • “Geoarchaeology” 2004 • “Wet Wood and Leather” • “Archaeomagnetic Dating: Guidelines on producing and interpreting

archaeomagnetic dates” 2006 • “Guidelines on the X-radiography of archaeological metalwork” 2006

6.3. HUMAN REMAINS

6.3.1. In the event of discovery of any human remains, it is proposed that they will be left in situ, covered and protected. Following discussions with the Client, Coroner and SCCAS/CT, the need for and appropriateness of their excavation/removal will be determined. Where deemed appropriate they will be fully recorded, excavated and removed from the site subject to compliance with the relevant Ministry of Justice Licence which will be obtained by the Archaeological Contractor.

6.3.2. Should human remains be excavated at the evaluation stage, all excavation and post-excavation will be in accordance with the standards set out in IFA Technical Paper 13 Excavation and post-excavation treatment of cremated and inhumed remains. The final placing of human remains following analysis will be subject to the requirements of the Ministry of Justice Licence.

6.4. TREASURE

6.4.1. The Archaeological Contractor will notify GWFL and the SCCAS/CT immediately if material is recovered considered to be covered by the Treasure Act of 1996. All necessary information required by the Treasure Act (i.e. finder, location, material, date, associated items etc.) will be reported to the County Coroner within 24 hours.

7. REPORTING

7.1.1. Following completion of all fieldwork, an assessment report will be prepared, which will inform the need for further analysis, reporting and publication, as set out in the Brief supplied by SCCAS. This report will be prepared within four weeks and submitted to SCCAS/CT for approval.


16

7.1.2. Following agreement with SCCAS/CT regarding the scope and/or need for further analysis, reporting and publication, a full excavation report will be prepared. The report will include sufficient documentary research in order to place the results of the evaluation in its archaeological context and in relation to the Regional Research Framework. The report will, as a minimum, include the following elements:

• A non-technical summary;

• The aims and methods used in the excavation and watching brief;

• The results of the excavation to include:

A description of the observed archaeological features and deposits and the stratigraphic sequence (to include topsoil, subsoil and natural deposits);

detailed tabulated context data;

plans and section drawings at appropriate scales to locate the site, trenches and excavated deposits;

tabulation of all artefacts recovered from the trenches and listed by context and material type;

specialist reports;

• A discussion/conclusion to include:

the archaeological and environmental potential of the deposits;

the Site’s significance in it broader archaeological and landscape setting;

The location and size of archive.

7.1.3. A client report on the complete investigation will be prepared within four weeks of the completion of fieldwork, although the exact programme for the report preparation will be dependent on the nature of the findings and will be agreed with the Client at the time. Sufficient copies of the report will be supplied to allow distribution to the SCCAS/CT as required.

7.1.4. The information will be deposited within the SCC Historic Environment Record (HER) maintained by SCCAS where it can be freely copied without reference to the Archaeological Contractor for the purposes of archaeological research or Development Control within the planning process.

7.1.5. If considered appropriate, a short report on the results of the programme of archaeological recording will be prepared for publication in an appropriate national and/or County journal.

7.1.6. Details of the Site will be submitted online to the OASIS (Online Access to the Index of Archaeological Investigations) database.

8. ARCHIVE

8.1.1. Before work commences arrangements will be made with SCC’s County Archaeological Stores for the deposition of the archive. An HER number will also be


17

requested from SCC’s Historic Environment Officer, which will be clearly written on all boxes of material and paper archive.

8.1.2. On completion of the report a cross-referenced and internally consistent archive will be produced. The primary archive, including copies of all photographs, will be deposited with the museum no later than six months after completion of the work.

8.1.3. The completed project archive will be prepared in accordance with the guidelines outlined in Appendix 3 of Management of Archaeological Projects (English Heritage 1991) and in accordance with the Guidelines for the preparation of excavation archives for long term storage (UKIC 1990). The archive will also conform to the guidelines issued by SSCAS/CT regarding the deposition of archaeological archives in Suffolk (SCCAS/CT 2010).

8.1.4. The digital archive for the project will be deposited with the Archaeology Data Service (ADS), and will comprise a grey literature report attached to a completed OASIS record.

8.1.5. Full copyright of each report shall be retained by the originator under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 with all rights reserved, excepting that GWFL and/or their associated representatives will be licensed to use each report in all matters directly relating to the project as described in the specification.

8.1.6. All digital data will be considered part of the primary archive and will accord with procedures recommended by the Archaeological Data Service (ADS) and the Archaeological Curators.

8.1.7. Data will be compiled in a format suitable for submission of Monument, Event and Source records for entry into the National Record of the Historic Environment (NRHE) and the Suffolk Historic Environment Record (SHER). Following completion of the scheme construction, an OASIS form will be produced for the whole project and copies of all archaeological reports will be attached as data files.

9. MONITORING AND REVIEWING THE WSI

9.1.1. GWFL and/or the Archaeological Contractor will inform SCCAS/CT of the commencement of fieldwork and the progress of the investigations on the Site. Ten days notice will be provided prior to commencement, as stipulated within para 4.9 of the SCCAS Brief (Appendix 1).

9.1.2. Reasonable access to the Site will be arranged for SCCAS/CT who may wish to make Site visits to inspect and monitor the archaeological investigations as they progress.

9.1.3. Variations to the WSI will be agreed in advance with representatives of GWFL and the SCCAS/CT.

9.1.4. Provision will be made for the WSI to be revised as appropriate should elements of the project change or particular archaeological issues come to light. Any revisions will be prepared by the Retained Archaeologist and submitted to GWFL and/or their appointed representatives who will ensure they are submitted to and approved by the relevant Archaeological Curator(s).


18

9.1.5. A formal structure for reporting to EH or SCCAS, based on project phases, will be agreed by GWFL and/or their appointed representatives and the Retained Archaeologist. The relevant Archaeological Curator(s) will be informed by GWFL of outstanding works timetables.

9.1.6. EH or SCCAS will be notified in advance by GWFL and/or their appointed representatives of the commencement of work timetables and the commencement of any work on site that may impact on the archaeology and will be informed at this time of the name and contact details for the Retained Archaeologist.

9.1.7. A programme of monitoring visits (if deemed appropriate) by EH or SCCAS and GWFL and/or their appointed representatives will be agreed in advance of the commencement of work on site.

9.1.8. During any site evaluation/investigation or construction work that has the potential to impact on the archaeology the Retained Archaeologist may liaise directly with EH or SCCAS with regard to site monitoring and reporting only after prior reference to GWFL and/or their appointed representatives. GWFL and/or their appointed representatives will be kept informed of all contact between the Retained Archaeologist and the Archaeological Curators.

10. HEALTH AND SAFETY

10.1.1. Health and Safety considerations will be of paramount importance in conducting all fieldwork. Safe working practices will override archaeological considerations at all times.

10.1.2. GWFL and/or their appointed representatives will ensure that the Retained Archaeologist is made aware of the relevant requirements of all Health and Safety Plans that are put in place. The retained archaeologist will be required to be suitably trained in health and safety and to comply with GWFL site rules.

10.1.3. The Retained Archaeologist will ensure that any method statements prepared to meet the requirements of the WSI are compliant with the requirements of GWFL’s Health and Safety Plans for the project.

10.1.4. All work will be carried out in accordance with the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the Management of Health and Safety Regulations 1992, and all other relevant Health and Safety legislation, regulations and codes of practice in force at the time.

10.1.5. The Retained Archaeologist will supply a copy of their Risk Assessment to GWFL and/or their appointed representatives and their on-site contractors for approval in writing before the commencement of any fieldwork. This document will be read and acknowledged by all members of staff involved in the fieldwork. This will incorporate an interface document between the Health and Safety system of the Archaeological Contractor(s) and that of the construction/installation contractor(s).

10.2. ACCESS

10.2.1. GWFL will make all access arrangements for the works; Wessex Archaeology will not deal directly with any landowners etc. unless instructed to do so by the Client.


19

10.3. SERVICE LOCATION

10.3.1. Before excavation begins GWFL will provide information regarding the presence of any below/above ground services. The Site will be walked over and inspected to visually identify, where possible, the location of above and below ground services.

10.3.2. All excavation locations will be scanned by suitably trained archaeological staff before and during excavation with a Cable Avoidance Tool (CAT) in order to verify the absence of any live underground services.


20

11. REFERENCES

6 Alpha Associates. 2011. Non-intrusive Magnetometer Unexploded Ordnance Survey Report. Project P2435, May 2011

Atfield, R, Breen, A, Darrah, R and Tyers, I. 2009. ‘Leiston, Greater Gabbard Off Shore Wind Farm, Sizewell’, Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History Vol XLII part 1

Galloper Wind Farm Limited, 2011, Galloper Wind Farm Project Environmental

Statement, Royal Haskoning ref. 9V3083/R01/303424/Exet. (http://www.galloperwindfarm.com/application-documents.php)

Richmond, A.D.W. 1994. An Archaeological Evaluation for the proposed Sizewell C Station site. Suffolk County Council Archaeological Service Unpublished report, ref: 94/31

Suffolk County Council Archaeological Service Conservation Team, 2010, Deposition of Archaeological Archives in Suffolk

Wessex Archaeology, 2009, Greater Gabbard Offshore Windfarm Extension

Project Archaeological Desk Based Assessment Onshore Works, Unpublished report Ref: 73010.01

Wessex Archaeology, 2011a, Galloper Offshore Wind Farm: Onshore Archaeological Works Archaeological Evaluation Report, Unpublished Report Ref: 77610.02, Suffolk HER no. LCS 161

Wessex Archaeology, 2011b, Galloper Wind Farm Onshore Works Heritage

Statement, Unpublished Report Ref: 77610.03

Wessex Archaeology, 2012, Galloper Offshore Wind: Written Scheme of Investigaton: Onshore, Unpublished Report REF: 85470.02

http://www.galloperwindfarm.com/application-documents.php

Galloper OWF WSI Offshore. Ref: 85470.01

21

APPENDIX I: BRIEF FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION AT GALLOPER WIND FARM ONSHORE WORKS

1

Brief for Archaeological Excavation

AT

Galloper Wind Farm Onshore Works, Sizewell Gap, Leiston PLANNING AUTHORITY: Suffolk Coastal District Council PLANNING APPLICATION NUMBER: To be arranged HER NO. FOR THIS PROJECT: LCS 161 GRID REFERENCE: TM 46 628 DEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL: Wind farm onshore works AREA: c.3.10 ha. THIS BRIEF ISSUED BY: Jess Tipper Archaeological Officer

Conservation Team Tel. : 01284 741225 E-mail: [email protected]

Date: 15 May 2012

Summary 1.1 The Local Planning Authority (LPA) has been advised that any planning

consent should be conditional upon an agreed programme of archaeological investigation work taking place before development takes place in accordance with a Written Scheme of Investigation which has been submitted to approved in writing by the LPA.

1.3 The archaeological contractor must submit a copy of their Written Scheme of

Investigation (WSI) or Method Statement, based upon this brief of minimum requirements (and in conjunction with our standard Requirements for Archaeological Excavation 2012 Ver 1.1), to the Conservation Team of Suffolk County Council’s Archaeological Service (SCCAS/CT) for scrutiny; SCCAS/CT is the advisory body to the Local Planning Authority (LPA) on archaeological issues.

1.4 Following acceptance by SCCAS/CT, it is the commissioning body’s

responsibility to submit the LPA for formal approval. No fieldwork should be undertaken on site without the written approval of the LPA.

The Archaeological Service _________________________________________________

Economy, Skills and Environment 9–10 The Churchyard, Shire Hall Bury St Edmunds Suffolk IP33 1RX

2

1.5 The WSI should be approved before costs are agreed with the commissioning client, in line with Institute for Archaeologists’ guidance. Failure to do so could result in additional and unanticipated costs.

1.6 The WSI will provide the basis for measurable standards and will be used to

establish whether the requirements of the brief will be adequately met. If the approved WSI is not carried through in its entirety (unless a variation is agreed by SCCAS/CT), SCCAS/CT will be unable to advise discharge of the condition.

Archaeological Background 2.1 In terms of previous archaeological investigation, this site was evaluated by trial

trenching in July 2011 by Wessex Archaeology (Suffolk HER no. LCS 161; Wessex Archaeology Evaluation Report reference 77610.02). This work defined archaeological features across the site and these will need to be fully investigated, i.e. excavated, in advance of development.

Fieldwork Requirements for Archaeological Investigation 3.1 Archaeological investigation is to be carried out prior to development:

Controlled excavation of the site, encompassing the area of the new substation and associated landscaping works that has been the subject of trenched evaluation, c. 3.10ha. in size.

3.2 Controlled monitoring, excavation and recording will be required during the

topsoil stripping for the export cable corridor and cable trenches, temporary construction drilling and transition bays, other electricity cables and utility corridors that have not previously been investigated.

3.3 A scale plan showing the proposed location of the excavation areas should be included in the WSI and must be approved by SCCAS/CT before fieldwork begins.

3.4 In addition, that part of the substation located in Broom Covert, to west of the

existing Greater Gabbard substation (c.0.85ha.), the temporary construction area for the substation (c.9.00ha.) and the temporary construction area for the gantry and pylon works (c.0.75ha.) will require trial trench evaluation (if extensive ground disturbance, and especially topsoil stripping of compunds, is required) to assess the archaeological potential and to assess the need for further investigation. These areas have not been previously evaluated.

Arrangements for Archaeological Investigation 4.1 The project manager must consult the Suffolk HER Officer to obtain a code

number for the work before commencement (if it does not already have a code from evaluation). This number will be unique for each project or site and must be clearly marked on all documentation relating to the work.

4.2 The composition of the archaeological contractor’s staff must be detailed and

agreed by SCCAS/CT, including any subcontractors/specialists. Ceramic specialists, in particular, must have relevant experience from this region, including knowledge of local ceramic sequences.

3

4.3 A timetable for fieldwork and assessment stages of the project must be presented in the WSI and agreed with SCCAS/CT before the fieldwork commences.

4.4 All arrangements for the excavation, the timing of the work and access to the

site, are to be defined and negotiated by the archaeological contractor with the commissioning body.

4.5 If the archaeological excavation is scheduled to be undertaken immediately

before construction, the commissioning body should be aware that there may be a time delay for excavation and recording if unexpected and complex archaeological remains are defined. Adequate time is to be allowed for full archaeological recording of archaeological deposits before any construction work can commence on site (unless otherwise agreed by the LPA on the advice of SCCAS/CT).

4.6 The project manager must also carry out a risk assessment and ensure that all

potential risks are minimised, before commencing the fieldwork. The responsibility for identifying any constraints on fieldwork, e.g. designated status, public utilities or other services, tree preservation orders, SSSIs, wildlife sites and other ecological considerations, and land contamination, rests with the commissioning body and its archaeological contractor. In this case, the site is known to have high potential for unexploded ordnance; the position of the evaluation trial trenches were arranged around (i.e. to avoid) anomalies defined by geophysical survey. A strategy to deal with this material will need to be detailed in the WSI.

4.7 The WSI must state the security measures to protect the site from vandalism

and theft, and to secure any deep holes. 4.8 Provision should be included in the WSI for public benefit in the form of

communication and outreach activities. 4.9 The archaeological contractor will give SCCAS/CT ten working days notice of

the commencement of ground works on the site, in order that the work of the archaeological contractor may be monitored. The method and form of development will also be monitored to ensure that it conforms to agreed locations and techniques in the WSI.

Post-Excavation Assessment and Archival Requirements 5.1 Within four weeks of the end of fieldwork a written timetable for post-excavation

assessment, updated project design and/or reporting must be produced, which must be approved by SCCAS/CT. Following this, a written statement of progress on post-excavation work – whether assessment, analysis, report writing and publication or archiving – will be required at six monthly intervals.

5.2 A post-excavation assessment (PXA) report on the fieldwork should be

prepared in accordance with the principles of Management of Research Projects in the Historic Environment (MoRPHE) (English Heritage 2006). The PXA will act as a critically assessed audit of the archaeological evidence from the site; see East Anglian Archaeology Draft Post Excavation Assessments: Notes on a New Guidance Document (2012).

4

5.3 In certain instances a full PXA might be unnecessary. The need for a full PXA or otherwise should be discussed and formally agreed with SCCAS/CT within four weeks of the end of fieldwork.

5.4 The PXA must present a clear and concise assessment of the archaeological

value and significance of the results, and identifies the research potential, in the context of the Regional Research Framework (East Anglian Archaeology, Occasional Papers 3, 8 and 24, 1997, 2000 and 2011). It must present an Updated Project Design, with a timetable, for analysis, dissemination and archive deposition. The PXA will provide the basis for measurable standards for SCCAS/CT to monitor this work.

5.5 An archive of all records and finds is to be prepared, consistent with the principles of MoRPHE. It must be adequate to perform the function of a final archive for deposition in the Archaeological Store of SCCAS/CT or in a suitable museum in Suffolk (see Archaeological Archives Forum: a guide to best practice 2007).

5.6 Finds must be appropriately conserved and stored in accordance with

guidelines from The Institute of Conservation (ICON). 5.7 The project manager should consult the intended archive depository before the

archive is prepared regarding the specific requirements for the archive deposition and curation, and regarding any specific cost implications of deposition. The intended depository must be prepared to accept the entire archive resulting from the project (both finds and written archive) in order to create a complete record of the project. A clear statement of the form, intended content, and standards of the archive is to be submitted for approval as an essential requirement of the WSI.

5.8 The PXA should offer a statement of significance for retention, based on

specialist advice, and - where it is justified – the UPD should propose a discard strategy. This should be agreed with the intended archive depository.

5.9 For deposition in the SCCAS/CT’s Archaeological Store, the archive should

comply with SCCAS Archive Guidelines 2010. If this is not the intended depository, the project manager should ensure that a duplicate copy of the written archive is deposited with the Suffolk HER.

5.10 The UPD should state proposals for the deposition of the digital archive relating

to this project with the Archaeology Data Service (ADS), or similar digital archive repository, and allowance should be made for costs incurred to ensure proper deposition (http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/policy.html).

5.11 An unbound hardcopy of the PXA and UPD (or grey literature report if otherwise

agreed), clearly marked DRAFT, must be presented to SCCAS/CT for approval within six months of the completion of fieldwork unless other arrangements are negotiated. Following acceptance, a single hard copy of the report should be presented to the Suffolk HER as well as a digital copy of the approved report.

5.12 On approval of an adequate PXA and UPD, SCCAS/CT will advise the LPA that the scheme of investigation for post-excavation analysis, dissemination and archive deposition has been agreed.

5

5.13 Where appropriate, a copy of the approved PXA should be sent to the local archaeological museum, whether or not it is the intended archive depository. A list of local museum can be obtained from SCCAS/CT.

5.14 SCCAS/CT supports the OASIS project, to provide an online index to

archaeological reports. At the start of work (immediately before fieldwork commences) an OASIS online record http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/oasis/ must be initiated and key fields completed on Details, Location and Creators forms. When the project is completed, all parts of the OASIS online form must be completed and a copy must be included in the final report and also with the site archive. A .pdf version of the entire report should be uploaded to the OASIS website.

5.15 Where positive results are drawn from a project, a summary report must be

prepared, in the established format, suitable for inclusion in the annual ‘Archaeology in Suffolk’ section of the Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History. It should be included in the project report, or submitted to SCCAS/CT, by the end of the calendar year in which the work takes place, whichever is the sooner.

Standards and Guidance Detailed requirements are to be found in our Requirements for Archaeological Excavation 2012 Ver 1.1 and in SCCAS Archive Guidelines 2010 Standards, information and advice to supplement this brief are to be found in Standards for Field Archaeology in the East of England, East Anglian Archaeology Occasional Papers 14, 2003. The Institute for Archaeologists’ Standard and Guidance for archaeological excavation

(revised 2008) should be used for additional guidance in the execution of the project and in drawing up the report. Notes

There are a number of archaeological contractors that regularly undertake work in the County and SCCAS will provide advice on request. SCCAS/CT does not give advice on the costs of archaeological projects. The Institute for Archaeologists maintains a list of registered archaeological contractors (www.archaeologists.net or 0118 378 6446).

This brief remains valid for 6 months. If work is not carried out in full within that time this document will lapse; the brief may need to be revised and re-issued to take account of new discoveries, changes in policy and techniques.

Galloper OWF WSI Offshore. Ref: 85470.01

22

APPENDIX II: REQUIREMENTS FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS 2012

1

Requirements for Archaeological Excavation 2012

An outline specification, which defines certain minimum criteria, is set out below. These requirements accompany, and should be used in conjunction with the project brief. If in doubt, clarification should be sought from SCCAS/CT. Fieldwork Requirements 1.1 If excavation is mechanised a toothless ‘ditching bucket’ 1.80m wide

minimum must be used. 1.2 The topsoil may be mechanically removed (unless otherwise agreed) using

an appropriate machine with a backacting arm and fitted with a toothless bucket, down to the interface layer between topsoil and subsoil or other visible archaeological surface. All machine excavation is to be under the direct control and supervision of an archaeologist. The topsoil should be examined for archaeological material.

1.3 Topsoil, subsoil and archaeological deposits should be kept separate during

removal to allow sequential backfilling of excavations, unless otherwise agreed with the developer.

1.4 If the machine stripping is to be undertaken by the main contractor, all

machinery must be kept off the stripped areas until they have been fully excavated and recorded, in accordance with this specification.

1.5 There is a presumption that excavation of all archaeological deposits will be

undertaken by hand (including stratified layers; see below) unless it can be shown there will not be a loss of evidence by using a machine. The decision as to the proper method of excavation will be made by the senior project archaeologist with regard to the nature of the deposit.

1.6 Provision should be made for hand excavation of any stratified layers (e.g.

dark earth) in 2.50m or 1.00m systematic and gridded squares, to be agreed on the basis of the complexity/extent of such layers with SCCAS/CT. This should be accompanied by an appropriate finds recovery strategy which must include metal detector survey and on-site sieving to recover smaller artefacts/ecofacts.

1.7 All features which are, or could be interpreted as, structural must be fully

excavated. Post-holes and pits must be examined in section and then fully excavated. Fabricated surfaces within the excavation area (e.g. yards and floors) must be fully exposed and cleaned. Any variation from this process can only be made by agreement with SCCAS/CT, and must be confirmed in writing.

1.8 All other features must be sufficiently examined to establish, where possible,

their date and function. For guidance:

The Archaeological Service _________________________________________________

Economy, Skills and Environment 9–10 The Churchyard, Shire Hall Bury St Edmunds Suffolk IP33 1RX

2

a) A minimum of 50% of the fills of the general features is be excavated. In some instances 100% may be requested, depending on the nature of the feature/deposit.

b) 10% of the fills of substantial linear features (ditches, etc) are to be excavated (min.). The samples must be representative of the available length of the feature and must take into account any variations in the shape or fill of the feature and any concentrations of artefacts. For linear features, 1.00m wide slots (min.) should be excavated across their width.

Any variation from this process can only be made by agreement [if necessary on site] with a member of SCCAS/CT, and must be confirmed in writing.

1.9 Any natural subsoil surface revealed should be hand cleaned and examined

for archaeological deposits and artefacts. Sample excavation of any archaeological features revealed may be necessary in order to gauge their date and character.

1.10 Metal detector searches must take place at all stages of the excavation by an

experienced metal detector user. 1.11 All finds will be collected and processed, unless variations in this principle are

agreed SCCAS/CT during the course of the excavation. The finds recovery policy should be addressed in the WSI. Sieving of occupation levels and building fills will be expected. All ceramic finds should be processed concurrently with the excavation to allow immediate assessment and input into decision making.

1.12 The WSI must provide details of a comprehensive sampling strategy for

flotation, assessment and analysis of biological remains by an appropriate environmental specialist (for palaeoenvironmental and palaeoeconomic investigations and also for absolute dating), and samples of sediments and/or soils (for micromorphological and other pedological/sedimentological analyses. All samples should be retained until their potential has been assessed and until a retention strategy has been agreed. Where necessary, advice on the appropriateness of the proposed strategies should be sought from Dr Helen Chappell, English Heritage Science Adviser (East of England).

1.13 Human remains are to be treated at all stages with care and respect, and are

to be dealt with in accordance with the law. They must be recorded in situ and subsequently lifted, packed and marked to standards compatible with those described in the Institute of Field Archaeologists' Technical Paper 13: Excavation and post-excavation treatment of Cremated and Inhumed Human Remains, by McKinley & Roberts. Proposals for the final disposition of remains following study and analysis will be required in the WSI.

1.14 Excavation record keeping is to be consistent with the requirements the Suffolk Historic Environment Record (HER) and compatible with its archive. Methods must be specified in the WSI and agreed with SCCAS/CT.

1.15 Plans of any archaeological features on the site are to be drawn at 1:20 or

1:50, depending on the complexity of the data to be recorded. Sections should be drawn at 1:10 or 1:20 again depending on the complexity to be recorded. All levels should relate to Ordnance Datum. Any variations from this must be agreed with SCCAS/CT.

3

1.16 A photographic record of the work is to be made, consisting of high resolution

digital images (the image format and resolution should be specified in the WSI), and documented in a photographic archive.

General Management Requirements 2.1 The project manager must consult the Suffolk HER Officer to obtain a code

number for the work before commencement (if it does not already have a code from evaluation). This number will be unique for each project or site and must be clearly marked on all documentation relating to the work.

2.2 A timetable for fieldwork and assessment stages of the project must be

presented in the WSI and agreed with SCCAS/CT before the fieldwork commences.

2.3 A detailed risk assessment and management strategy must be presented for

this project in the WSI. 2.4 The WSI must state the security measures to protect the site from vandalism

and theft, and to secure deep any holes. 2.5 The composition of the project staff must be detailed and agreed (this is to

include any subcontractors). For the site director and other staff likely to have a major responsibility for the fieldwork and post-excavation processing of this excavation there must also be a statement of their responsibilities or a CV for post-excavation work on other archaeological sites and publication record. Ceramic specialists, in particular, must have relevant experience from this region, including knowledge of local ceramic sequences.

2.6 Provision should be included in the WSI for public benefit in the form of

outreach activities, for example (and where appropriate), open days/guided tours for the general public, local schools, local councillors, local archaeological and historical societies and for local public lectures and/or activities within local schools. Provision should be included for local press releases (newspapers/radio/TV). Where appropriate, information boards should be also provided during the fieldwork stage of investigation. The archaeological contractor should ascertain whether their client will seek to impose restrictions on public access to the site and for what reasons and these should be detailed in the WSI.

2.7 Every effort must be made to get the agreement of the landowner to the

deposition of the full site archive, and transfer of title, with SCCAS or designated Suffolk museum before the fieldwork commences. The intended depository should be stated in the WSI, for approval. If this is not achievable for all or parts of the finds archive then provision must be made for additional recording (e.g. photography, illustration, scientific analysis) as appropriate.

2.8 Monitoring of the archaeological work will be undertaken by SCCAS/CT. A

decision on the level of monitoring required for the fieldwork will be made by SCCAS/CT, in consultation with the project manager and once the fieldwork has commenced. Any unexpected discoveries, or on-site complications, should be communicated to, and discussed with, SCCAS/CT.

4

2.9 The WSI should be approved before costs are agreed with the commissioning client, in line with Institute for Archaeologists’ guidance. Failure to do so could result in additional and unanticipated costs. It is the archaeological contractor’s responsibility to ensure that adequate resources are available to fulfill the Brief.

2.10 Suitable arrangements should be made with the client, and stated in the WSI,

to ensure the site is appropriately closed after the completion of the excavation (and provision for infilling of dangerous holes during fieldwork) to comply with health and safety regulations. The site, and any deep and dangerous holes, should be only backfilled with the prior approval of SCCAS/CT.

2.11 Following satisfactory completion of the fieldwork, SCCAS/CT will advise the

LPA that the fieldwork has been completed and that no further on-site work is required. Full construction work must not begin until archaeological excavation has been completed and formally confirmed in writing by the LPA.

Post-Excavation Assessment and Archival Requirements 3.1 Within four weeks of the end of fieldwork a written timetable for post-

excavation assessment, updated project design and/or reporting must be produced, which must be approved by SCCAS/CT. Following this, a written statement of progress on post-excavation work – whether assessment, analysis, report writing and publication or archiving – will be required at six monthly intervals.

3.2 A post-excavation assessment report (PXA) on the fieldwork should be

prepared in accordance with the principles of Management of Research Projects in the Historic Environment (MoRPHE) (English Heritage 2006). The PXA will act as a critically assessed audit of the archaeological evidence from the site; see East Anglian Archaeology Draft Post Excavation Assessments: Notes on a New Guidance Document (2012).

3.3 In certain instances a full PXA might be unnecessary. The need for a full

PXA or otherwise should be discussed and formally agreed with SCCAS/CT within four weeks of the end of fieldwork.

3.4 The PXA must present a clear and concise assessment of the archaeological

value and significance of the results, and identifies the research potential, in the context of the Regional Research Framework (East Anglian Archaeology, Occasional Papers 3, 8 and 24, 1997, 2000 and 2011). It must present an Updated Project Design, with a timetable, for analysis, dissemination and archive deposition. The PXA will provide the basis for measurable standards for SCCAS/CT to monitor this work.

3.5 An archive of all records and finds is to be prepared, consistent with the principles of MoRPHE. It must be adequate to perform the function of a final archive for deposition in the Archaeological Store of SCCAS/CT or in a suitable museum in Suffolk (see Archaeological Archives Forum: a guide to best practice 2007).

3.6 Finds must be appropriately conserved and stored in accordance with

guidelines from The Institute of Conservation (ICON).

5

3.7 The project manager should consult the intended archive depository before the archive is prepared regarding the specific requirements for the archive deposition and curation, and regarding any specific cost implications of deposition. The intended depository must be prepared to accept the entire archive resulting from the project (both finds and written archive) in order to create a complete record of the project. A clear statement of the form, intended content, and standards of the archive is to be submitted for approval as an essential requirement of the WSI.

3.8 The PXA should offer a statement of significance for retention, based on

specialist advice, and - where it is justified – the UPD should propose a discard strategy. This should be agreed with the intended archive depository.

3.9 For deposition in the SCCAS/CT’s Archaeological Store, the archive should

comply with SCCAS Archive Guidelines 2010. If this is not the intended depository, the project manager should ensure that a duplicate copy of the written archive is deposited with the Suffolk HER.

3.10 The UPD should state proposals for the deposition of the digital archive

relating to this project with the Archaeology Data Service (ADS), or similar digital archive repository, and allowance should be made for costs incurred to ensure proper deposition (http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/policy.html).

3.11 An unbound hardcopy of the PXA and UPD, clearly marked DRAFT, must be

presented to SCCAS/CT for approval within six months of the completion of fieldwork unless other arrangements are negotiated. Following acceptance, a single hard copy of the report should be presented to the Suffolk HER as well as a digital copy of the approved report.

3.12 On approval of an adequate PXA and UPD, SCCAS/CT will advise the LPA that the scheme of investigation for post-excavation analysis, dissemination and archive deposition has been agreed, and that can be discharged.

3.13 Where appropriate, a copy of the approved PXA should be sent to the local

archaeological museum, whether or not it is the intended archive depository. A list of local museum can be obtained from SCCAS/CT.

3.14 SCCAS/CT supports the OASIS project, to provide an online index to

archaeological reports. At the start of work (immediately before fieldwork commences) an OASIS online record http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/oasis/ must be initiated and key fields completed on Details, Location and Creators forms. When the project is completed, all parts of the OASIS online form must be completed and a copy must be included in the final report and also with the site archive. A .pdf version of the entire report should be uploaded to the OASIS website.

3.15 Where positive results are drawn from a project, a summary report must be

prepared, in the established format, suitable for inclusion in the annual ‘Archaeology in Suffolk’ section of the Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History. It should be included in the project report, or submitted to SCCAS/CT, by the end of the calendar year in which the work takes place, whichever is the sooner.

Mean

Low

WaterMe

an H

igh W

ater

Home Farm

Coastguard Cottages

Car Parks

Sizewell

Sizewell Gap

Sizewell Common

Sandy Lane (Track)

Cliff House

RoseryCottages

Path

0 50 10025 Metres0 0.05 0.10.025 Kilometres

±

Rev: 39

Date: 17/11/11

Datum: OSGB36 Projection:British National Grid

Galloper Wind Farm

Onshore General Arrangement

Scale: Page: A1

Drawing Number: 2.7

Regulation: 5(2)(o)Author:Galloper Wind Farm Ltd

1:2,000

Greater Gabbard Offshore Wind Farm Existing InfrastructureGreater Gabbard SubstationCar Park and Access Road

Galloper Wind Farm Proposed InfrastructureSubstationGWF Export Cable CorridorTemporary Construction Area (Drilling & Transition Bays)Estimated Extent of DrillingEstimated Extent of Optional DrillingOther Electricity Cables & Utility CorridorsMaximum Extent of Transition BaysLandfall Cable Working AreaDNO Area (including Transformer)Anchor AreaSealing End Compound, Gantry, Connection & Pylon Access RoadTemporary Access RoadArea within which Temporary Beach Access(es) must lieTemporary Construction Area (Sealing End Compound)Temporary Construction Area (Substation)Grassed Areas (Including any Earthworks)Existing Woodland AreasProposed Woodland/Woodland Edge Planting (IncludingPotential Additional Landscape Area/ EarthworksLand Returned to Pasture (After Earthworks)Land Returned to Arable (After Earthworks)Improvement for Long Term Reptile Habitat (if necessary)Translocation AreaAccess Route for Landscape Mitigation Works

Layout Information: Where the cables are laid by surface excavation, the permanent easement will be 23m with a total construction working width of 38m as shown on the plan. The permanent GWF cable corridor will have the ability to be located anywhere within the 38m corridor shown. Where the cables are installed through directional drilling, the permanenteasement for the directional drilling ducts and cables will be 33m, with the ability to locate the permanent easement anywhere within the 38m corridor shown. The "Other Cable Corridors" vary in width within the corridors shown on this plan. Access routes along the beach will be established within the area shown. An access route to the cable working area willbe located on the beach foreshore and will be delineated with temporary matting to a maximum width of 4m. An additional access route to the landfall cable working areas is located along the shingle beach. A Distribution Network Operator (DNO) transformer will be located within the area shown and will be an approximate size of 3m x 3m x 3m.Ordnance Survey © Crown Copyright 2011. All rights reserved. License number 100020449. This map is for discussion purposes only. Orientation, dimension and location of Galloper Wind Farm infrastructure is indicative only and does not represent final locations. All locations are subject to detailed design. The concepts and information contained in thisdocument are the copyright of SSE Renewables (UK) Ltd and RWE Npower Renewables Limited. Use or copying of the document in whole or in part without the written permission of SSE Renewables (UK) Ltd and RWE Npower Renewables Limited constitutes an infringement of copyright. SSE Renewables (UK) and RWE Npower Renewables Limited doesnot warrant that this document is definitive nor free of error and does not accept liability for any loss caused or arising from reliance upon information provided herein. Not to be used for navigation purposes.

Temporary Construction Area (Sealing End Compound, Gantry & Pylon Works)

Proposed Woodland/Woodland Edge Planting (Includingany Earthworks)Potential Additional Landscape Area/ Earthworks (Subject to Commercial Agreement)

Sealing End Compound, Gantry, Connection & Pylon Works

Relocated GGOWF Communications Pole and Cable

6465

00

6470

00

262500

263000

Location of evaluation trenches, UXO buffers and OHL exclusion zone Figure 2

0 250Metres

23/08/111:4000 at A4X:\PROJECTS\77610\GIS\FigsMXD\77610_Fig02.mxd

0KL

Date:Scale:Path:

Revision Number:Illustrator:

Reproduced from the 2000 Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer® map with the permission of the controller of HMSO © Crown Copyright, Wessex Archaeology, Portway House, Old Sarum Park, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SP4 6EB. Licence Number: 100028190.

Evaluation area

Evaluation trenches

UXO buffer

OHL 100 m buffer zone

646800

262500

263000

Date:

Scale:

Path:

Revision Number:

Illustrator:

WessexArchaeology

General onshore arrangement and locations of evaluation trenches July 2011 Figure 3

22/05/2012

1:2500 at A3

W:\Projects\85470\

0

NJC/KJF

0 200

Metres

Basemapping supplied by client: Ordnance Survey © Crown Copyright 2011. License Number: 100020449.

Baseplan © SSE Renewables (UK) Ltd and RWE Npower Renewables Limited.

This material is for client report only © Wessex Archaeology. No unauthorised reproduction.

DrawingOffice\Report figs\WSI_Onshore

Evaluation trench

0 50 100 150

TP5

TP6

160m

120

m

120

m160m

BH20

BH19

BH18

TP19

TP16TP15

TP14CBR1

CBR2

CBR3

CBR4

INSET SCALE 1:10,000 INSET SCALE 1:15,000

BH20

BH19

BH18

TP19

TP16TP15

TP14CBR1

CBR2

CBR3

CBR4

A3

Swindon Drawing Office

Ordnance Survey Licence no. 100017907rights reserved.

c Crown copyright and database right 2011 All Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO

O.S.Data reproduced by permission of

Status

I www.RWEnpower.com

F +44 (0) 1793 / 89 25 25

T +44 (0) 1793 / 89 33 91

REQUESTING MODIFICATION. AND SHOULD BE CONSULTED PRIOR TOTECHNICAL CONTENT OF THIS DRAWING

BY" BOX HOLDS RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE THE PERSON NAMED IN THE "APPROVED

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

This drawing should be read in conjunction with CEGB standard 986101. All symbols defined in CEGB standard 986101 unless otherwise stated. Copies of this standard are available from the address on drawing sheet.

Date

Size of original

Drawing number

ADrawn Rev.

Scale of original

Site

Title

Checked

Wilts. SN5 6PB

Swindon

Whitehill Way

Windmill Hill Business Park

Approved

Copyright of RWE npower. No part of this drawing may be reproduced without prior permission.

RWE npower

EW

SCALE (m)

-- --

NOT APPROVED

BORE HOLE LOCATIONS

GALLOPER WIND FARM

ONSHORE GROUND

INVESTIGATION

1:5000

N

REN/DEVR/0340/AP2

23.11.12

BH10

BH11

TP7

TP8

TP9

TP10BH12

TP11BH13

BH14

TP12

BH15

TP13

BH16 BH17

KEY

BORE HOLE

TRAIL PIT

TP1

BH3

BH6

TP2

BH9BH8

TP3

BH4

BH1 BH2

TP4

BH5

BH7

TP1

BH3

BH6

TP2

BH9

BH8

TP3

BH4

BH1

BH2

TP4

BH5

BH7