G. Pirovano – CESIRICERCA, Italy Comparison and validation of long term simulation of PM10 over 7 European cities in the frame of Citydelta project Bedogni M. , Costa M.P., Casadei S. AMA Mobility and Environment Agency of Milan, Milan, Italy Pirovano G. CESI RICERCA Spa, Milan, Italy AMA - MI
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G. Pirovano – CESIRICERCA, Italy
Comparison and validation of long term simulation of PM10 over 7 European cities in the
frame of Citydelta project
Bedogni M. , Costa M.P., Casadei S.AMA Mobility and Environment Agency of Milan, Milan, Italy
Pirovano G. CESI RICERCA Spa, Milan, Italy
AMA - MI
G. Pirovano – CESIRICERCA, Italy
http://aqm.jrc.it/citydelta/
Phase III
G. Pirovano – CESIRICERCA, Italy
CAMx version 4.21CAMx version 4.21
• Horizontal advection: Bott Scheme• Resistance Based Dry Deposition• Wet Deposition• Photolysis rates adjusted as a function of cloud cover,
total ozone column and turbidity• Gas phase chemistry
Introduction...Introduction...Vautard R. et al., Evaluation and intercomparison of Ozone and PM10 simulations
by several chemistry-transport models over 4 european cities within the City-Delta project, Atm. Env., 2006, in press.
City-delta IIICity-delta III• Base year 2004• Only CAMx model• 5+2 cities: Berlin, Lisbon, London, Milan, Paris, (Prague, Krakow)• MM5 meterological fields at 10 km (Milan 5km, Lisbon 2km)• Kv computation following CMAQ approach• EMEP Emission Inventory & local inventories spatial distribution• Biogenic emissions• CHIMERE continental fields as B.C.• No specific tuning for each city
...We may look at this exercise with......We may look at this exercise with...
G. Pirovano – CESIRICERCA, Italy
……a “synoptic” point viewa “synoptic” point view
……in order to discuss a couple of interesting topicsin order to discuss a couple of interesting topics
G. Pirovano – CESIRICERCA, Italyppm10 sulf nitr ammo other
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
[g
/m3
]
YearJanuary
Critical episodes - January 2004Critical episodes - January 2004
MilanCity centre
ppm10 sulf nitr ammo other
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
[g
/m3
]
YearJanuary
ppm10 sulf nitr ammo other
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
[g
/m3
]
YearJanuary
Urban area
Paris
ppm10 sulf nitr ammo other
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70[
g/m
3]YearJanuary
G. Pirovano – CESIRICERCA, Italy
• Good reliability of emission inventories
• Heterogeneous measured data set can mask model discrepancies
• Photochemistry is well reproduced (also in Milan) at domain scale
• Local scale effects on NO2/O3 induce BIAS of 5-15%
• Performances for PM10 are less reliable and more heterogeneous:10-20 % of mass is missing and variability is not well described
• Fine scale meteorology has clearly enhanced model performances
• PM10 yearly mean is around 20 [g/m3] (…not in Milan!)
• Milan: combined effect of low ventilation and chemistry on PM10
• Lisbon: ….a particular case…
• Sever episodes: errors may be emphasised (critical for exceedances)
ConclusionsConclusions
G. Pirovano – CESIRICERCA, Italy
• Evaluation of critical episodes (exceedances)
• Having established several datasets, we are planning to:• perform source-apportionment analysis (OSAT & PSAT)• perform systematic sensitivity analysis (PA & DDM)
Next steps...Next steps...
• Following the “spirit” of Citydelta and the
ACCENT network we are surely interested and
willing to join projects based on model
ensemble approach CAMx
G. Pirovano – CESIRICERCA, Italy
The authors would like to thank CONCAWE (London), IIASA (Vienna) and JRC (Ispra) to have funded and promoted the phase III of Citydelta
modelling exercise.
The authors would also like to thank Claudio Carnevale of the University of Brescia for his valuable contribution in the development
of the emission processor, TERRARIA (Milan) to have provided biogenic emissions, and ARPA Lombardia to have performed some simulations .
Mobility and Environment Agency technical contribution has been sustained by the Municipality of Milan.