Future governmenta global perspective in connection to open government

Future GovernmentFuture GovernmentA Global Perspective in Connection to Open GovernmentA Global Perspective in Connection to Open Government

Ms. Haiyan QianDirector

Division for Public Administration and Development Management (DPADM)Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA)

United Nations

The Net (Mobile) Generation

Economic Social

Environment

FUTUREFUTUREGOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT

2

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 3

Future Government is … Future Government is …

Citizen-Centric

▼“For the People”

Inclusive▼

Equality

Agile ▼

Adaptive to Changes

Open, Transparen

t, Accountabl

e ▼

Effective Governance

Innovative▼

Efficient

Connected▼

Collaborative

Governance

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 4

Future Government = Citizen-centric + Agile + Innovative + Inclusive +

Open, Transparent and Accountable + Connected

Future Government = Citizen-centric + Agile + Innovative + Inclusive +

Open, Transparent and Accountable + Connected

UN Public Administration UN Public Administration ProgrammeProgramme

Advancing Public Governance for the FutureAdvancing Public Governance for the Future

Electronic and Mobile

Government

Institutional and Human Resource

Development

Citizen Engagement in

Managing Development

OpenGovernment Data

(Since 1948)

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 5

UN Public Administration UN Public Administration ProgrammeProgramme Advocacy and Knowledge-sharing

Training and Advisory Assistance

Analytical Research (related to open government data)– Freedom of Information Act– Data Privacy Act– Open Government Data Catalogues– Information and Privacy Commissioners or Equivalents– E-Government Development Index– E-Participation Index

(Since 1948)

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 6

Why Open Government Data?Why Open Government Data?

E-Participation

E-Government & E-Governance

Open Data Open Services

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 7

Why Open Government Data?Why Open Government Data?

Complaints received by the European Ombudsman

2010

2,667

33% of complaints was related to lack of transparency in the EU Administration. This included refusal of information and of access to documents.

Source: European Ombudsman

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 8

Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) - Global View of 193 UN Member States

No FOIA55 Countries - 28%

Only in Constitution22 Countries - 11%

Draft26 Countries - 13%

With FOIA90 Countries - 48%

8

Access to Information – Global Access to Information – Global ViewView

Source: DPADM/UNDESA Ongoing Research

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 9

Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) in UN Member States

39

2

20

10

19

69 83 21

793 7

32

26

17

0

10

20

30

40

50

Africa Americas Asia Europe Oceania

FOIA Draft Constitution No FOIA

Access to Information – Regional Access to Information – Regional View View

43 Member States 14 Member States47 Member States35 Member States54 Member States

47%

19%

17%

17%

57%

17%

20%

6%

41%

17% 6%

36%

91%

2% 7% 14%

21%

51%

14%

Source: DPADM/UNDESA Ongoing Research

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 10

Access to Information - EuropeAccess to Information - EuropeFreedom of Information Act (FOIA) in Europe (43 UN Member

States)

With FOIA

39 Countries -

91%

Constitution

1 Country

(Andorra) - 2%

No FOIA

3 Countries

(Luxembourg,

Monaco and San

Marino) - 7%

Source: DPADM/UNDESA Ongoing Research

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 11

FOIA – Timeline of Selected FOIA – Timeline of Selected CountriesCountries

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 12

OGD Catalogues – Global ViewOGD Catalogues – Global View

OGD Catalogues - Global View of 193 UN Member States

42

151

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

OGD Catalogue available Catalogue not foundSource: DPADM/UNDESA Ongoing Research

(22%)

(78%)

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OGD Catalogues – Regional OGD Catalogues – Regional ViewView

2

6

8

24

2

0

5

10

15

20

25

Countries with OGD Catalogues - 193 UN Member States

Africa

Americas

Asia

Europe

Oceania

4% of the 54 Member

States from Africa

18% of the 35 Member States

from the Americas

18% of the 47 Member States

from Asia

56% of the 43 Member States

from Europe

17% of the 14 Member States

from Oceania

Source: DPADM/UNDESA Ongoing Research

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 14

OGD Catalogues – TimelineOGD Catalogues – Timeline

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 15

FOIA - Major FindingsFOIA - Major Findings Europe is leading in open government data legislation.

FOIA varies in scope from country to country.

FOIA is used mainly by the media and the civil society in general.

Most citizens are not aware of its existence.

Establishing FOIA is the only the first step.

There is a need for effective implementation, monitoring and evaluation of FOIA.

Most FOIAs do not contain specific legislation for providing Open Government Data Catalogues.

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DPA - Global ViewDPA - Global ViewData Privacy Act (DPA) - Global View - 193 UN Member States

No DPA99 Countries - 51%

Constitution7 Countries - 4%

Draft11 Countries - 6%

DPA76 Countries - 39%

Source: DPADM/UNDESA Ongoing Research

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 17

DPA in UN Member States

2

42

1412

6

1532 34

12

28

17

42

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Africa Americas Asia Europe Oceania

DPA Draft Constitution only No DPA17

DPA - Regional ViewDPA - Regional View

Source: DPADM/UNDESA Ongoing Research

54 Member States 43 Member States35 Member States 47 Member States 14 Member States

78%

11%

4%7%

34%

48%

9% 9%

59%

30%

11%

98%

2%

86%

14%

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DPA - Major Findings DPA - Major Findings

Europe is leading in data privacy and protection.

Privacy legislation is necessary for the success of Open Government initiative.

Strong institutional framework is critical for access to government data and data privacy.

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Institutional ArrangementInstitutional ArrangementInformation and Privacy Commissioners or Equivalents - Global Situation

2

57

36

3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Africa

Americas

Asia

Europe

Oceania

4% of African Member States

15% of American Member States

15% of Asian Member States

84% of European Member States

23% of Oceanic Member States

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 20

Open Government Data by RegionOpen Government Data by Region

Source: DPADM/UNDESA Ongoing Research*Including FOIA, DPA, OGD Catalogue and Institutional Arrangement

Open Government Data* by Regional

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 21

E-Participation by RegionE-Participation by Region

Source: UN E-Government Survey 2010

E-Participation Index Regional Averages

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E-Government Development by E-Government Development by RegionRegion

0.4406

0.4193

0.6227

0.4424

0.479

0.2733

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

World Average

Oceana

Europe

Asia

Americas

Africa

Source: UN E-Government Survey 2010

E-Government Development Index Regional Averages

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Why Open Government Data?Why Open Government Data?

E-Participation

E-Government & E-Governance

Open Data Open Services

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 24

2012 UN E-Government Survey 2012 UN E-Government Survey

The 2012 Survey checks if open government initiatives are promoted in national government portals.

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 25

Challenges of Open Government Challenges of Open Government DataData Degree of “openness” Growing citizens’ expectations Adequate resources

– People– Money

Digital divide (inclusion for the vulnerable groups)

Deliberation by UN intergovernmental bodies

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Moving forwardMoving forward The “Right” Data and “Right” Services

– Demand-driven – Enhance quality of data – Value-added

Create a culture of open government through training and institutional building, including the capacity for proper evaluation and monitoring

Connect all citizens online, especially the vulnerable groups

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 27

UN Public Administration Country Studies UN Public Administration Country Studies (UNPACS)(UNPACS)

Research (first phase)– Open government data– Government institution

restructuring– Codes of conduct of public

service– E-Government

strategies/policies– CIOs or equivalents– National institutions/systems on

citizen engagement, etc.

Enable governments and all stakeholders in making evidence-based decisions for the implementation of internationally agreed development agenda including the MDGs

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Future GovernmentFuture Government

Open Government Future Government Sustainable Development

Thank you for your Thank you for your attention!attention!