Future Challenges of Forestry and Enviroment Development ... · Site : Forest Village of Mentari Kapuas, Bumi Lestari and Menua Sadap. District of Kapuas Hulu. Phot by : Dwi Prasetyo

Site : Forest Village of Mentari Kapuas, Bumi Lestari and Menua Sadap. District of Kapuas Hulu. Phot by : Dwi Prasetyo Budi Santoso, Imas Fardilah

(Milestone Team 2016, Bureau of Planning)

Bureau of Planning Managers of forest village of Bumi Lestari and farmers joint patrol in Tang Lake to assure sustainable production of honey and fish as well as protection from fire.

Future Challenges of Forestry and Enviroment Development towards SD

Presented at Study Tour Forum of

JIFPRO in Jakarta 6 Desemeber 2016

Outline

TN. Kep. Togean, foto BTN. Kep. Togean, Kementerian LH dan Kehutanan

FORESTS OF INDONESIA : FACTS, HOPES AND ITS CHALLENGES

LINKAGES OF FOREST AND LAND MANAGEMENT RELEVANT TO

NATIONAL MEDIUM TERM PLANNING (NAWACITA)

FORESTS AND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT, WAY FORWARD TO

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Forests Indonesia : a green public place to safeguard the human beeing Approximately 70% of total land area of the country covering by diversity of forest ecosystem type, representing regional diversity, starting from Leuser National Park Ecosystem in Aceh up to Lorenzt National Park in Papua

Above : Elephant in Gunung Leuser National Park (Aceh), Giant Lizard in Komodo National Park (NTT), Orangutan in Kutai National Park (East Kalimantan), Burung Migrant Birds in Wasur National Park (Papua). Below : Bunaken NP (North Sulawesi), Wakatobi NP(Southeast Sulawesi, Taka Bonerate NP(South Sulawesi), Togean NP (Central Sulawesi), Kepulauan Seribu NP (DKI Jakarta).

02 Mei 2010 4

Indonesia Forest Area (Sept 2013)

No Type of forest

Area (ha)

1 Terrestrial Conservation Forest 21.812.100,87 2 Protected Forest 30.008.285,45 3 Limited Production Forest 28.302.762,15 4 Fix Production Forest 28.890.421,18 5 Convertible Production Forest 18.016.461,12

Total Area of Terrestrial Forest

127.030.030,77

6 Marine and wetland Conservation Area

5.519.428,31

Grand Total 132.549.459,08

HK 14.88

% HL

22.55%

HP 62.57

%

Russian

Brazil Canada USA China DR Congo

Australia

Indonesia

Sudan India Peru Mexico Colombia

Angola Bolivia

luas hutan 809,090 519,522 310,134 304,022 206,861 154,135 149,300 94,432 69,949 68,434 67,992 64,802 60,499 58,480 57,196

% luas negara 49 62 34 33 22 68 19 52 29 23 53 33 55 47 53

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

900,000

1.000

ha

Negara-negara dengan luas hutan > 50 juta ha

Countries with over 50 million ha of forest area

Sumber: State of the World’s Forest 2011, FAO

Big Five of the Largest Countries Owned Tropical Forest

Brazil, 519.522.000 ha

Democratic Republic of the Congo, 154.135.000 ha

Indonesia, 94.432.000 ha

Peru, 67.922.00 ha

Columbia, 60.499.000 ha

Sumber: State of the World’s Forest 2011, FAO

Indonesia Myanmar Malaysia Thailand Lao Vietnam Cambodia Philippines

Timor-Leste

Brunei Darussala

m Singapore

luas hutan 94,432 31,773 20,456 18,972 15,751 13,797 10,094 7,665 742 380 2

% luas negara 52 48 62 37 68 44 57 26 50 72 3

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

1.000

ha

Luas Hutan di Negara-Negara Asean, 2010

Forest area of ASEAN Member State

Sumber: State of the World’s Forest 2011, FAO

BIODIVERSITY POTENCY OF INDONESIA

47.910 species

MAMMALS 1.245

Species BIRD 3.538

Species

HERPET 1.857

Species

FISH 1.903

Species

CRUSTACEAE 230 Species TREES

31.401 Species

FUNGUS 2.076

Species

ALGAE 1.885

Species

MUSHROOM3.731

Species

MARASMIUS 44 Species

236 species of protected

wildlife

70 MAMMALS

93 BIRDS

31 REPTILE

20 INSECT 7 FISH

1 Anthozoa

14 Bivalvia

STATUES OF SPECIES CONSERVATION

Priceless or Worthless? The world’s most threatened species

Badak Jawa (Rhinoceros sondaicus)

Badak Sumatera (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis)

Orang Utan Sumatera

(Pongo abelii) Orang Utan Kalimantan

(Pongo pygmaeus)

INDONESIA INDONESIA

Among 100 sp listed as the most endangered sp in the world, 4 sp from Indonesia

Challenges : (1)Prone to extinct due to low richment of species, (2) Socio economic factors,

and (3)High demand of wildlife in domestic and global market

PROBLEMS and CHALLENGES need to be solved :

in the context of national development program 2015-2019

Ragam hayati TN. Wakatobi, Sulawesi Tenggara. Foto adalah dokumentasi Balai TN. Wakatobi

INCREASING NUMBER OF FLOODING

AND LANDSLIDE

WATER QUALITY

DECREASE IN THE RIVER

WATER AVAILABILITY

FOR FOOD SAND ENERGY

SECURITY DECREASE

LOW NUMBER OF TOURIST VISITING

COMPARE TO OTHER ASEAN

MEMBER STATE

HIGH RISK FOR CANCER

DECREASING OF AIR QUALITRY

LEAD TO RESPIRATORY

DESEASE

FOOD PRODUCTION IS

REMAIN LOW TO SUPPORT

FOOD SECURITY

COMMUNITY WELFARE

ENERGY PRODUCTON

REMAIN INSUFFICIENT

FOREST –BASED PRODUCTION

REMAINING LOW TO BOOST

ECONOMIC GROWTH

STATE REVENUE LOST DUE TO

INPROPER MANAGED OF

NATURAL RESOURCES

THREAT OF BIODIVERSITY LOST

LEAD TO DEREASING NUMBER OF SPECIES AND ECOSYSTEM

FOREST DEGRADATION

POPULATION PRESSURE COULD TRIG ENVIRONMENT DEGRADATION

Increasing population (Southeast Asia alone reached 600 million people) could be a “demography bonus" in one hand, but in other hand could be a “demography disaster"

Consuption rate increase drasticallly and over exploitation to natural resources

Increasing pollution and at the same time quality of environment will decrease and unavoidable

FOTO Kiri : Kutipan Gambar Bandung Bisnis. Com, Palembang Tribunnews.com dan Nasional Tempo.com

DEGRADING of FORESTS IN INDONESIA : DEGRADING LIFE SUPPORTING SYSTEM OF PEOPLE OF INDONESIA

People who live in and surrounding the forests and interacting directly with forests, will get the direct impact

ILLEGAL LOGGING AND FOREST FIRE :

TERRORIST

Trig distrust of people to the Government: tendency of avoiding

law and regulation

Economic lost IDR 35 trillion /yr from illegal logging. Potensial lost of state revenue IDR 15,9 trilion/yr

Left: forest swcurity operation in Kalimantan. Photo by MOEF Above: flooding in Jakarta (internet 7 April 2016)

Salah satu spot hutan di Kalimantan di TN. Betung Kerihun. Foto adalah dokumentasi BBTN. Betung Kerihun – Danau Sentarum.

Present and Future Challenges of Forest, Land and Enviroment Managament

• Population growth to over 300m people by 2040 will put more pressure on agriculture

• Energy Demand increase by 5.5% per year: coal, biofuel threaten water and forests

• Increasing water/soil contamination will reduce productivity/GDP • Infrastructure spending triples and needs land, roads, airports,

harbors, etc.. • Ministry of Agriculture: oil palm plantations by 2020 would need

additional land of 10million ha

• Customary peoples could claim +- 40 million ha of Forest Estate • 251 new dams & geothermal energy pressures forest land

• Increase of forest plantations (by 2030) from 10 to 16 m ha, and social forestry 12.7million ha

Forests Indonesia • Strongly bounded, servicing a

life supporting system from up the mountain to the sea

• Strongly support 23 relevant sectors in providing economic contribution of the country

Photo left: Bunaken NP (Sulut) phot above : people drawing a new boat made by community in Taka Bonerate NP, a fishermen showing his catched fish in Betung Kerihun NP (West Kalimantan), an attractive event with ornament of Rhino Birds in Kayan Mentarang NP(North of Kalimantan)

Relevance of NAWACITA

•Governance Improvement

•Development from the edges, empowering villages and local suburbs under NKRI

•Reform system, law enforcement, corruption free, and good trust

•Improve quality of life partly through improving access to forest and land - land reform)

•Improve level of productivity of people – relevant to improving the access

•Autonomous in economic, triggering strategic sector on local economy

Good Forest and Land management serves National Medium Term Plan – Nawacita

16

Forest and Land

Management

Food security

Energy Security

Economic Growth

Water Security

Social welfare

Economic Growth

Poverty eradication

Job opportunity

Narrowing development gap

Macro Performance of Development

ROLE and CONTRIBUTION of ENVIRONMENT and FORESTRY SECTOR IN THE NATIONAL PRIORITY 2017

Foto dari kiri-kanan : pelepasan tukik oleh wisatawan mancanegara di TN. Taka Bonerate, foto oleh Asri (Balai TN. Taka Bonerate); penggunaan aliran air sungai di Hutan Desa Lubuk Baringin sebagai pembangkit listrik mikrohydro, foto oleh Edi Sulistyo HS (Biro Perencanaan); Danau Tiga Warna di TN. Kelimutu, foto oleh Iskandar (Setditjen KSDAE); hasil tebanga kayu

jati di TPK Semarang, foto oleh Sandi Kusuma (Biro Perencanaan); dan salah seorang warga melintas di hutan rakyat Ngawi, foto oleh Sandi Kusuma (Biro Perencanaan)

PRODUCTION

NON BEDGETER REVENUE (PNBP)

EXSPORT AND FOREIGN

EXCHANGE

INVESTMENT REVENUE

WORKERS RECRUITMENT 58,8 JUTA M3

PRODUKSI KAYU DARI HUTAN ALAM, HUTAN TANAMAN DAN HUTAN RAKYAT

93 m AND 975 THOUSANDS UNIT TSL DARI PENANGKARAN DAN PEMANFAATAN DARI ALAM

252 RIBU TON HHBK

Set TARGET of Economic Growth Sub sector Environment

and Forestry

Eksport Kayu (US$ Juta)

Eksport Tumbuhan dan Satwa Liar (Rp. Trilyun)

IDR 60,14 trillion

Estimation of INVESTMENT ABSORTION

Centre of production in 409 villages

Promoting Self Sufficient of Village (DESA MANDIRI)

RAW MATERAIL FULFILMENT FOR

INDUSTRY

PENDEKATAN TEKNIS KEMENTERIAN LHK

DALAM PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP

PATROLI KEBAKARAN LAHAN GAMBUT DAN CANAL BLOCKING LAHAN GAMBUT, SEPAHAT, BENGKALIS RIAU FOTO DOKUMEN BIRO

PERENCANAAN

UNSUSTAINABLE PRACTICE OF NATURAL

RESOURCES

• LAW ENFORCEMENT • SURVEILENCE • LICENCING

IMPROVEMENT • KLHS • EIA

CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECT

• PARIS AGREEMENT • INTERNALISATION OF

PARIS AGREEMENT ONTO FOREST AND ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM

HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

• EXTENSION , TRAIING AND EDUCATION WITH SUUFICIENT BUDGET AVAILABLE

POPULATION PRESSURE

• WELL PLANNING OF FOREST UTILIZATION

• NATIONAL LONG TERM TECHNICAL PLANNING - RKTN

NATURAL RESOURCES AVAILABILITY

• SUSTAINABLE FPOREST MANAGEMENT • Selective Cutting,

Enrichment, Planting

• Restoration of natural forest

TECHNICAL APPROACH OF MOEF IN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT

A HOPE from FORESTS INDONESIA Wisely maintaining its valuable benefit for the people and at the same time managing its value and diversity

Forest Cluster Industry – FMU (National Board Planning Agency, 2014)

Production

FMU

Protection Conservation

• Tourism • Medicine • Cosmetic • Enviromental

Services • NTFP • Carbon

• Tourism • Medicinal • Cosmetic • Environmental

Services • Carbon • NTFP • Energy

• Plywood • Pulp and paper • Sawntimber • Particle board • Panel • Pellet • Biofuel • Bio-etanol • Bio-plastic

District District Central

Bio prospecting

product

Development Strategy

TIMBER • PLYWOOD • PULP AND PAPER • SAWNTIMBER

NTFP

• FOOD • HONEY • HERB MEDICINE AND

COSMETIC • SOUVENIER HANDYCRAFT • EXOTICS FAUNA AND FLORA

SERVICES • WATER • CARBON

BIO-Products

• BIO-DIESEL • BIO-ETHANOL • PLASTICS (dr lignin)

INCREASE PRODUCTION

DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT

PENDUKUNG PROTECTION PRESERVATION WISE USE

ECOSYSTEM SPECIES GENETIC

INSIDE FOREST AREA /CONSERVATION AREA

OUTSIDE FOREST AREA/ CONSERVATION AREA

IN-SITU CONSERVATION

PILLAR

EX SITU CONSERVATION

BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT POLICY

FLAGSHIP/ UMBRELLA SPECIES

Strategy and Action Plan for Species Conservation

• Sumatera Region • Sumatera Tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) • Badak Sumatera (Dicerorhinus

sumatrensis) • Sumatera Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) • Orangutan (Pongo abelii) • Tapir (Tapirus indicus)

29

• Kalimantan • Pongo of Kalimantan (Pongo pymaeus) • Kalimantan Elephant (Elephas maximus bornensis) • Wild Cow - Banteng (Bos javanicus lowii) • Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris) • Bekantan (Nasalis larvatus)

• Sulawesi and Wallacea

• Anoa (Bubalus depressicornis and Bubalus quarlesi ) • Babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa) • Maleo (Macrocephalon maleo) • Kakatua Kecil Jambul Kuning (Cacatua sulphurea)

30

THE MOST CHALLENGES ISSUE

9

The most CHALLENGES ILLEGAL LOGGING, FOREST FIRES AND GLOBAL WARMING

It’s a complex problem, tends to have a connection between the three and involve certain community (cut/slash, and burn and plant oilplam tree)

Economic review of opening oilpalm trees with burning method (Hery Purnomo, CIFOR 2015) : Numbers in IDR 1000/ha

1997

2015

• Forest area burnt 1,7 m ha with 1.800 hot spot

• Economic lost IDR 200 Trillion (CIFOR) (1.600 flight cancelled)

• Around 4 million people in Riau suffer from dermatitis, ISPA, eye ache

• Forest area burnt 9,7 m ha • Economic lost of amount US$ 5 Miliar

(Forest Watch Indonesia) • 20 m of people suffer from eye iritation,

respiration system (ISPA) and dermatitis

REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT 2017

Kebakaran hutan dengan target zero haze akan ditarget di 7 Provinsi, yaitu : Riau, Jambi, Sumatera Selatan, Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Selatan dan Kalimantan Timur.

Seluruh provinsi yang dianggap rawan akan dilindungi dari bahaya keamanan hutan. Dimulai dengan menjaga setiap jengkal kawasan hutan, mengawasi daerah industri untuk menjaga kualitas udara dan air.

PPATK POLICE ATTORNEY LOCAL GOV

YUSTISIA BKSDA, POLHUT, SPORC MONEV REPRESIF PREVENT/RE-

ORIENTASI

ILLEGAL LOGGING

ENCROACHMENT LICENCE

APARAT FUNGSIONAL

COOPERATIVE

COORPORATE

COOPERATIVE

COMMUNITY

COMMUNITY

SHADOW COORPORATE

HALF FINISHED

FINISHED BUT NEED IMPROVEMENT

METAMORPHOSIS PLANTTATION LICENCE

METAMORPHOSIS MINING LICENCE

COORPORATE LICENCE

COOPERATIVE

LOCAL GOVERNMENT

OFFICERS

HL

HK

HP

TIPOLOGY STATUES

SOURCE

FINISHING PROCESS DIRECTION

ROAD MAP ILLEGAL LOGGING MEASUREMENT

MOEF ARMY

Satelite NOAA - Early Warning System Website : ditpkh-phka.dephut.go.id

Sistem Pemantauan

Hotspot (Early

Warning System)

EARLY WARNING SYSTEM AND STRATEGY TO MITIGATE FIRE : EFFORT IN PRVENTING PEAT AND LAND FIRE IN RIAU PROVINCE

Rethingking of peatland management

SAM SAM

Minister

DG of watershed

management

DG of Conservation

DG of Social Forestry

DG of Forest Planology

DG of Climate Change

DG of Waste Management

DG of Pollution Management DG of SFM DG of Law

Enforcement R&D Agency HRD and

Education Agency

Secretary General

Inspectorate general

SAM SAM SAM

Governance Structure the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Minister Regulation No 18/2015)

Governance Structure Secretary general Inspectorate General 9 Technical DGs 2 Agency 5 Senior Adviser

PROGRESS IN 2 YEARS

FORESTS RESOURCES ALLOCATION AND

ENVIRONMENT MNGMT

• 65,76% of forests defined

(equal to 82,9 m ha)

• Moratorium oil palm

• Forest area management for strategic pusposes and reform

CONSERVATION

• 25 endangered sp increase by 2%

• 4 m domestic tourist and 210 000 foreign visitors

• 5 unit of mini hydro

• 55 km tourism trail road

• 13 camping ground

• 254 sites for habitat monitoring

• 189 Trapped camera

WASTE MANAGEMENT and B3

• 24,5 M tonnes of garbage decreased in 380 district/city

• 58,6 m tonnes of garbage handled

• 61% (from 357 districts/cities) Adipura participants with good mark

• 2.861 garbage bank

• 6 units of composting with capacity of 182,5 ton

LAW ENFORCEMENT

• 562 cases handled and followed up

• 118 cases closed ; 225 licence get supervised

• 28 sanctons applied

SOCIAL FORESTRY AND ENVIRONMENT PARTNERSHIP

• Comm Forestry: reserve area 422 000ha, licence from Head of District 172 000ha

• Forest Village : reserve 471 000ha, Governor Licence 167 000ha

• Comm Forest Planttaion : 746 000ha, District Head Licence 202 000ha

• 18 000ha Partnership Forest

• 1.737 business unit

• 26 unit of productive economic

• 7 units of customary forest defined

PROGRESS IN 2 YEARS

WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

• 239 000 ha rehabilitated in upstream (703 000 ha in 2016)

• 41,2 m seedlings produced

• 6.153 buffer DAM -SRA-Gully plug

• 35 RPDST internalised into spatial plan - RTRWP

PRODUCTION FOREST MANAGEMENT

• 30,7 M m3 OF Roundwood

• 29,9 M m3 of secondary wood processing

• 89 300ha bioenergi plantation

• 217 000 tonnes of NTFP production

• US$ 9,8 M of foreign exchange in 2015 and US$ 7,7 M up to Oct 2016

ENVIROMENTAL DESTRUCTION AND POLLUTION CONTROLLING

• 12 unit of IPAL in fiseherman settlement and cathment area; 16 site for water quality monitoring

• 3 units of air quality monitoring

• 2.137 coorporates are supervised

• 200 units of cattle digester

CLIMATE CHANGE CONTROLLING

• Ratification of Paris Agreement

• Level of fire danger ous decrease in 7 province

• 38 site of climate village

• Usage of ozon destrutive matrerial decreased by 10%

PUBLIC SERVICE IMPROVEMENT

• One stop service of licence , 17 type of licence under the Investment Board Agency (BKPM) management

• Reduce number of days from 120 days to only 30 days for utilization licence of forests area (PPKH)

MANAGING OF FOPREST IN INDONESIA: is managing relationship of the people and community to safeguard the forests

Forest spot in Betung Kerihun National Park in Kalimantan Photo Betung Kerihun NP – Danau Sentarum NP

Thank you