Top Banner
Furniture Construction 5.02
31

Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Dec 11, 2015

Download

Documents

Leo Diffey
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Furniture Construction

5.02

Page 2: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Types of Wood

Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive, does not dent easily.

Softwoods: come from coniferous or evergreen trees (do not shed leaves & can have a cone). Cedar, redwood, pine, fir, spruce. Dents easily, grain is not as attractive as hardwoods.

Page 3: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Wood

Solid Wood: all exposed parts of a piece of furniture is made from whole pieces of wood, usually $$$$, has a tendency to warp, swell, and crack or split

Bonded wood: bonded by glue and pressure, includes veneered & pressed wood

Page 4: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Veneered wood or plywood: created by bonding 3,5,or 7 thin layers of wood to one another, to a solid core, or pressed wood core. Fine wood is used on the outside and cheaper wood on inside.

ADV: Makes fragile wood stronger Dis.Adv: adhesive that bonds veneer may not

stick, causing veneer to loosen and chip or crack.

Page 5: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Pressed wood: made of shavings, veneer scraps, chips, & other small pieces of wood and is called particleboard, wafer board, composite board

Used on parts of wood that do not show and can be covered with laminate/plastic covering for durability

Page 6: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Wood Grain or pattern

Lumber is cut to show off the pattern Stump wood: irregular grain formed by

twisted and irregular growth of tree’s roots

Crotch wood: special grain caused by branches growing out from trunk of tree

Burls: woody, flattened outgrowths on tree, unique and $$$$$

Page 7: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Finished and Unfinished Wood

Solid walnut: exposed wood is same throughout entire piece

Walnut veneer: surface is covered with thin sheets of walnut wood while rest of piece is usually particle board or other inexpensive wood

Walnut finish: has a finish (paint/varnish) whose color is same as walnut

Page 8: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Wood Joints

Mortise-and –tenon: one of the strongest joints, glued tenon fits into mortise (hole), no nails/screws used. Legs of chairs

Page 9: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Dowel joint: small wood pegs that are glued into the holes of pieces of wood being joined together. Used as reinforcement

Page 10: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Dovetail joint: Used to fasten corner joints in drawers. Found in good-quality furniture. Can take strong pulls or strains

Page 11: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Butt joint: weakest joint. One board is glued or nailed to another.

Page 12: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Corner Block: small pieces of wood attached between corner boards, reinforce & support joints. Used in tables, chairs, upholstered furniture frames

Page 13: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Tongue-and-groove: tongue is cut on one board and matching groove is cut on another. If done correctly, joint is invisible.

Page 14: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Mitered joint: 2 edges are cut at a 45 degree angle and joined to form a square corner. Joint is then glued and sometimes reinforced with nails, dowels, a spline or glue blocks

Page 15: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Upholstered furniture

Chairs, sofas, and other pieces of padded furniture

All exposed surfaces are covered with fabric so all inner construction details are hidden.

Good quality furniture has durable, well-tailored upholstery fabric

Page 16: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Plastic Furniture

Less expensive than wood Lightweight, sturdy, easy to clean Looks best in modern/contemporary

settings

Page 17: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Plastic furniture

Page 18: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Metal

Popular as indoor and outdoor furniture Wrought iron, aluminum, chrome…often

combined with wood, glass, & fabric

Page 19: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,
Page 20: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Rattan, Wicker, Bamboo

Combines natural wood frames with woven stems or branches

Page 21: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Rattan

Made from stringy, tough stems of palm trees.

Bend easily and are strong, works best in casual setting

Page 22: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Wicker

Made by weaving thin, flexible branches around a frame, can be varnished or painted, water resistant, durable, natural gloss, lightweight

Page 23: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Bamboo

Made from tall tropical grasses with hollow stems. Can be combined with rattan

Page 24: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Glass

Usually combined with metal or wood. Good for tabletops and cabinet doors

Page 25: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Frames, Springs, Cushions

Frames: Upholstered furniture frames are usually made of solid wood or metal. Joints should be secured with screws and corner blocks

Page 26: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Springs: part of the inner construction. The type and number determine the quality.

Coil springs: spiral shaped without padding and covering. Used in heavier furniture. Average chair has 9-12 springs per seat.

Page 27: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Flat or zigzag springs: used with lightweight pieces of furniture and are flat, S-shaped springs that may have metal support strips banded across them

Offers firm comfort at a lower price

Page 28: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Cushions:

Need to be proper size Fit snugly into furniture Give body and support Usually made of urethane foam or foam

rubber. Down or feathers are not durable Loose fill can also be used for pillows. Will

lose shape Can be molded into any size or shape.

Page 29: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Finishes

Include stains, sealers, waxes and paints that protect and improve the appearance of the wood surface

Water-based and oil-based stains bring out the natural beauty of woods

Sealers can be penetrating or on the surface of the wood

Page 30: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Finishes con’t

Plastic sealers resists moisture Wax is used to preserve the wood and

gives an attractive look Paint is used to hide unattractive

surfaces. Can also be used to enhance the look by being decorative

Page 31: Furniture Construction 5.02. Types of Wood Hardwoods: come from deciduous trees (lose their leaves). Walnut, mahogany, pecan, cherry, maple, oak. Expensive,

Resources

Housing Decisions pages 343-354 Housing and Interiors, pages 600-614 www.pierone.com www.target.com www.plowandhearth.com www.wickerparadise.com www.furniturebrains.com www.dixieline.com/woodjoint/woodjoints.htm www.orinda.k12.ca.us/OIS/IT/wood-joints.htm

Copyright ©2007, ABCD, All rights reserved.