There are 6 Research Councils in total: EPSRC – Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council NERC – Natural Environment Research Council PPARC – Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council BBSRC – Biotechnology and Biological Science Research Council ESRC – Economic and Social Research Council MRC – Medical Research Council And: Funding Sources for Academic Research Nearly all academic research in the UK is funded by the government through Research Councils.
Funding Sources for Academic Research. Nearly all academic research in the UK is funded by the government through Research Councils. There are 6 Research Councils in total: EPSRC – Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council NERC – Natural Environment Research Council - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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There are 6 Research Councils in total:
EPSRC – Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
NERC – Natural Environment Research Council
PPARC – Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council
BBSRC – Biotechnology and Biological Science Research Council
ESRC – Economic and Social Research Council
MRC – Medical Research Council
And:
CCLRC – Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils
Funding Sources for Academic Research
Nearly all academic research in the UK is funded by the government through Research Councils.
Excerpt from e-Science CP Director’s job objectives
‘Develop effective collaborative Core Programme projects between the science base, industry and national funding agencies, and ensure the application and outcomes from the projects.’
UK e-Science Projects£75M for e-Science Grid Application ‘pilots’
- spanning all sciences and engineering
Particle Physics and Astronomy (PPARC)- £17M GridPP and £5M AstroGrid
Engineering and Physical Sciences (EPSRC)- funding 6 projects at around £3M each
Biology, Medical and Environmental Science- funding projects with total value of £23M
UK Grid Projects: First Phase (1)Particle Physics and Astronomy (PPARC)• GRIDPP • ASTROGRID
• All Centres run same Grid Software– Starting point is Globus 2 and Condor: Storage
Resource Broker (SRB) • Standard Grid middleware supported
– e-Science Grid now at ‘Level 2’: moving towards production Grid with real users
Access Grid – Group Conferencing
Multi-site group-to-group conferencing system
Continuous audio and video contact with all participants
Globally deployed
All UK e-Science Centres have AG rooms
Widely used for technical and management meetings
Support for e-Science Projects• Grid Support Centre in operation
– supported Grid middleware & users– see www.grid-support.ac.uk
• National e-Science Institute – Research Seminars– Training Programme – See www.nesc.ac.uk
• National Certificate Authority– Issue digital certificates for projects– Goal is ‘single sign-on'
Anatomy of a Digital Certificate
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV
Signature from CA’s private key
Validity Data
Public Key
A text string
Extensions
How a certificate is issued
• The Registration Authority (RA) approves a request for a certificate. The RA is local to the users.• The CA then issues the corresponding certificate.
How does it work?
1. Scientist wishes to access a resource, so he sends a copy of the certificate to the resource
2. Resource says: prove it’s yourcertificate
3. Scientist proves that he has the corresponding private key4. Resource is convinced thatscientist is who he claims to be and decides to give him access
Private Key
Challenge
Response
UK CA Statistics, February 2003
• 250 valid certificates issued
• 24 RAs (more waiting for approval/training etc)
• Issuing 60 certificates /month
• Adding 3 RAs / month
• Adding 6 RA operators /month
• UK certificates recognized by EU and US projects
Grid Network Team• Expert group to identify end-to-end network
bottlenecks and other network issues
- e.g. problems with multicast for Access Grid
• Identify e-Science project requirements
• Funding (with PPARC and EPSRC) a number of network QoS, scheduling and monitoring projects
• ‘UKLight’ lambda connection to Chicago and Amsterdam now approved
UK Backbone Infrastructure
• Based on SuperJANET4 academic network run by UKERNA for JISC
• WorldCom(!) providing national backbone for SJ4 – now at 20Gbps
• Connections to universities via MANs at up to 2.5Gbps
• ‘Last mile’ problem?
• Research network use versus teaching, web-searching, email – differential services?
SuperJANET4
One source sending same data to 3 receivers only has to have one copy of data (more copies are made only when necessary)
68 different companiesRange of disciplines (IT, Engineering, Pharma, Environmental etc)New sectors engaged (broadcasting, defence, banking etc)Industrial Funds more than match DTI fundsAll Centres have spent money allocated or have projects under consideration
CP Open Call Projects
Visualization Middleware for e-Sciencee-Science Technologies in the Simulation of Complex MaterialsPerformance-based Middleware for Grid ComputingA scalable monitoring platform for the GRID (GridProbe)eDiamond distributed mammographic archiveEnd-to-End traffic management servicesInformation eXtraction from Images (IXI)Deductive Synthesis Techniques to the Rapid Assembly of Grid ApplicationsTrustworthy GRID Resource ManagementA Grid-based approach to the validation and testing of lubrication modelsSelf-Organising GRID Resource ManagementJigsaw: Distributed and dynamic visualisation generationFutureGRID: a program for long-term research into GRID systems architecture Total of 13 projects
OGSA – DAI Project
• Design Specification completed– Papers for GGF WG on Database Access and
Integration Services• Three Prototypes delivered:
– Distributed Query Service– XML Database Interface– Relational Database Interface
• Alpha versions delivered January 2003– Integrate with Globus GT3
Open Grid Services Architecture • Development of Web Services• OGSA will provide
USAFranceGermanyBrazilHollandJapanChinaItalyScandinaviaAustraliaSwitzerlandAustriaSingaporeBelgiumCanadaIrelandPolandSpainSouth- America
Information
International
DirectorCore Programme National
Centre
e-ScienceInstitute
Data BaseTaskforce
ArchitectureTaskforce
8 RegionalCentres
SecurityTaskforceUKERNA
EPsrc/DTIFinance
Grid Network
Team
Global Grid Forum
e-ScienceSteering
CommitteeCCLRCProjects
NERCPilots
GridSupportTeam
Dir GenOST
e-ScienceOperations Committee
EsrcPilots
MRCPilots
BBsrcPilots
PPARCPilots
EPsrcPilots
HPCCentres
CERN
OtherInternational
Projects
EUFramework
Projects
USPlayers
4 IRCs5 Projects
GridUSERS
ICTSuppliers
JISC
Open Call Projects
SR2002Bid
9 GridDemos
DTIOutreach
Reports
Hinxton
NetworkMonitoring
Gridnet
NHSNet
GridFellowships
Publicity
Keyworth
GEANT
£20M of50 Projects
CCLRCRAL & DL
Web sites
Deputy DirectorTechnical Advisory
Group
“HEFCE”
A viable Core Programme must have this scope and
an infrastructure to support it!
e-Science and the Grid
‘e-Science will change the dynamic of the way science is undertaken.’
John Taylor, 2001
Need to convince university IT Directors!
e-Government and the Grid
‘[The Grid] intends to make access to computing power, scientific data repositories and experimental facilities as easy as the Web makes access to information.’