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Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices
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Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Mar 16, 2018

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Page 1: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety

Environmental Health and Safety Offices

Page 2: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Personal safety and safety of othersBuilding protectionRegulatory compliance

Laboratory SafetyIntroduction

Purpose of Laboratory Safety Training

Page 3: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

OSHA’s Lab StandardPrudent Practices in the Laboratory

Laboratory SafetyIntroduction

Chemical Hygiene Plan

www.units.muohio.edu/ehso/

Page 4: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Know your surroundings

ExitsEyewashes and Safety showers Fire ExtinguishersFirst Aid kitsPhones

Laboratory SafetyIntroduction

Page 5: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Emergency telephone numbersMedical EmergencyChemical SpillsGas odorsFire

Emergency Procedures

Laboratory SafetyIntroduction

Handbook posted in every laboratoryIncludes:

Page 6: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Work areas and floors are uncluttered.Equipment and chemicals stored properly.Wastes segregated and labeled.Spills cleaned up immediately.

General Housekeeping

Laboratory SafetyIntroduction

Page 7: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

PhysicalChemicalBiological

Laboratory Safety

Types of Hazards Present In Laboratories

Page 8: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Electrical

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Physical

Frayed or damaged cords.Equipment that ‘tingles’.Wet locations⌫ Not all outlets are Ground

Fault Circuit Interrupt (GFCI).

BE AWARE OF:

Page 9: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Physical

ElectricalHydraulicPneumaticMechanical

Lock-Out Tag-Out:

Identify all Sources of Energy

Page 10: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Glassware

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Physical

DamageHot GlassDisposal

BE AWARE OF:

Page 11: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Physical

Compressed Gas Cylinders -CGC’s

HIGH PRESSURE - (1800-2400 psi)

Nature of Gas.Empty cylinders- (up to 141 lbs.)

BE AWARE OF:

Page 12: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Physical Compressed Gas Cylinders -

CGC’s

Transport upright with valve cap in place.Must be securedNO adaptations

Also:

Page 13: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

C-5 Escape Slide Bottle Mishap

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Physical

Page 14: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

C-5 Escape Slide Bottle Mishap

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Physical

Page 15: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

C-5 Escape Slide Bottle Mishap

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Physical

Page 16: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

C-5 Escape Slide Bottle Mishap

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Physical

Page 17: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

C-5 Escape Slide Bottle Mishap

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Physical

Page 18: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Liquid nitrogenLiquid helium

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Physical Cryogenic Materials

Hazards AsphixiationFrost biteFire

FireExplosionEmbrittlement

Liquid oxygenCarbon Dioxide (Dry Ice)

Page 19: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Physical- Biological Sharps

Be Aware:Do not cut or remove needles from syringes.No recapping.Dispose in a red sharps container.

If needle has come in contact with potentially infectious material, it should be disposed as an infectious waste.

Page 20: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Biological

Potentially Infectious Agents (PIA)– Any microorganism

(i.e., bacteria, virus, fungi) or helminth that if released could cause or significantly contribute to the increased morbidity or mortality of humans.

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Physical- Biological

Page 21: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Radiological

Covered in the radiation safety course.

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Radiological

Page 22: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Chemical

Many chemicals have multiple hazards.

FlammabilityHealthReactivitySpecific Hazards

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Chemical

General Hazard Categories

HEALTHFLAMMABILITYREACTIVITYPERSONAL PROTECTION

Page 23: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Flammability

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Chemical

- Flammability

How readily a solid, liquid, vapor or gas will ignite and burn.

Solvents -Acetone, Toluene, Methanol, Ethanol, Ether, Xylene

Page 24: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Health

Poisons - Chlorine, Phenol, Sulfuric Acid, Mercury

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Chemical

- Flammability- Health

Toxicity of substance.

Page 25: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Relative measurement of the stability of a certain material.

Reactives - Nitro and Diazo compounds. (unstable)Picric Acid. (shock-sensitive)Sodium and Potassium. (air/water reactive)

Reactivity

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Chemical

- Flammability- Health- Reactivity

Page 26: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Special Hazards

Symbols or Letters depict other hazards.

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Chemical

- Flammability- Health- Reactivity

Page 27: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Beware of Old Containers

Old containers may not be properly labeled.Over time properties of the contents can change in some special cases, due to contamination or evaporation.When discovered old containers should be promptly and properly disposed.

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Chemical

- Flammability- Health- Reactivity- Special Hazards

Page 28: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Beware of Old Containers

Laboratory SafetyHazard Types:- Chemical

- Flammability- Health- Reactivity- Special Hazards

Page 29: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Limiting Personal Exposure

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

w/ Good Habits

By Building Good Work Habits– No:

• Eating, drinking, smoking, applying cosmetics while in the laboratory.

• Mouth pipetting.• Unauthorized experiments.

Page 30: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Limiting Personal Exposure

Know the hazards of the materials you will be using, before you use them.– Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).– Use other resources if necessary.

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

w/ Good Habits

Page 31: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

MSDS

Page 32: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

MSDS

Page 33: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

MSDS

Page 34: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

MSDS

Page 35: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

MSDS

Page 36: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

MSDS

Page 37: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

MSDS

Page 38: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Store Containers According to their Hazards.– Segregate!– Date peroxide forming

materials

Handle the container with care– Use a bucket to carry Acids or Bases.

Limiting Personal Exposure

Ground metal containers– If they contain flammable material

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

w/ Good Habits

Page 39: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Know the limitations and proper use of the Laboratory Hood.- Physical barrier to minor explosions, splashes,

fires, etc. - Somewhat contains spills due to failed

experiments and devices.- Work at least 4-6 inches back in hood can reduce

the vapor concentration at the face by as much as 90%.

- Pull sash down to levels marked on hoods with orange tape. Hoods checked annually.

Limiting Personal Exposure

Laboratory SafetyLimiting ExposureEngineering controls

Page 40: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Know the limitations and proper use of the Laboratory Hood.- Local exhaust to help minimize exposure to

chemicals.- Open and pour organic solvents in a laboratory

fume hood. - Use those solvents in a well ventilated area,

preferably in the fume hood.- Do not rely solely on hood for protection.

Limiting Personal Exposure

Laboratory SafetyLimiting ExposureEngineering controls

Page 41: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Chemical Fume HoodLaboratory SafetyLimiting ExposureEngineering controls

Page 42: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Biological Safety Cabinet Class II Type A1

Laboratory SafetyLimiting ExposureEngineering Controls

Page 43: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Biological Safety Cabinet Class II Type A2

Laboratory SafetyLimiting ExposureEngineering Controls

Page 44: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Biological Safety Cabinet Class II Type B1

Laboratory SafetyLimiting ExposureEngineering Controls

Page 45: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Clean BenchNot for personal

Protection !

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

Page 46: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Selecting Proper Personal ProtectiveEquipment.

Limiting Personal Exposure

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

w/ Good Habitsw/ Proper PPE

Page 47: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Safety glasses allowed when:– Entering lab that is in

operation.– No risk of splash.

Eye Protection

Goggles required when:– Using reagents.– Risk of splash or aspiration.

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

w/ Good Habitsw/ Proper PPE

Page 48: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Projectiles– Exploding Glassware

Splash Risk– Chloroacetic acid

splashed into the eye.

Eye ProtectionReasons:

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

w/ Good Habitsw/ Proper PPE

Page 49: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Eye ProtectionLevels of Protection:

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

w/ Good Habitsw/ Proper PPE

Page 50: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

All Gloves are not created equal.

Hand ProtectionBromine Splash

Ethyl Aziridinyl Formate- An organic chemical with

no warning properties.

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

w/ Good Habitsw/ Proper PPE

Page 51: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Selection guide for chemical resistant glovesSource: Industrial Hygiene Reference & Study Guide, First Editionhttp://www2.umdnj.edu/eohssweb/aiha/technical/ppe.htm#Gloves/Chemical

Glove Material Chemical Resistant To: Not Recommended for:

Nitrile rubber Solvents, oils, alcohols, some acids, and caustics

Ketones, oxidizing acids, nitrogen-containing organics

Butyl rubber Organics, Ketones, esters Aliphatic, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, gasoline

Natural (laytex) rubber Alcohols, acids, caustics, ketones Aromatics, halogenated solvents

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA Most solvents including aromatic and halogenated hydrocarbons

Water-based solutions, inorganic acids, alcohols, caustics

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Alcohols, acids, caustics Aromatic and halogenated solvents, ketones

Neoprene Organic acids, caustics, peroxides, alcohols, phenols, petroleum solvents

Aromatic and halogenated solvents

Viiton Halogentated and aromatic solvents, alcohols

Laboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

w/ Good Habitsw/ Proper PPE

Page 52: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Pants and closed-toe shoes are always recommended.Lab coats are also a good idea.Do not wear:

• Shorts.• Sandals or open toed shoes.

Proper Attire In LabLaboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

w/ Good Habitsw/ Proper PPE

Page 53: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Wash your hands after handling chemicals

EVEN IF WEARING GLOVES!

Personal HygieneLaboratory SafetyLimiting Exposure

w/ Good Habitsw/ Proper PPEw/ Hygiene

Page 54: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Chemical Spills and Emergency Response

Small Spills– 1 Gallon or less

Large Spills– or unusually hazardous

In case of Fire– Pull alarm on the way

out.

Laboratory SafetyEmergency Resp.

Page 55: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Skin– Cleanse thoroughly with water for

15 minutes. Speed is important, do not wait.

Eye– Hold eyelids open and wash eyes

with gentle stream of water for 15 minutes.

Chemical Spills and Emergency Response

Laboratory SafetyEmergency Resp.

Page 56: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Cuts and Abrasions– If minor encourage “Self-Help”– If serious call 911

If you choose to assist in either case USE UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS

Emergency Response and Chemical Spills

Laboratory SafetyEmergency Resp.

Page 57: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Reporting unsafe practices and conditions

Immediately to Supervisor and/or Manager of Laboratories.Do not continue work if you suspect a safety problem.

When In Doubt . . . ASK!!!

Laboratory SafetyEmergency Resp.Reporting Accidents

Page 58: Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety - Miami University Safety Training...Fundamentals of Laboratory Safety Environmental Health and Safety Offices ... Fire Extinguishers First Aid kits

Useful Web SitesMiami University’s Environmental Health and

Safety Offices: http://www.units.muohio.edu/ehso/

AIHA Laboratory Health & Safety Committee: http://www2.umdnj.edu/eohssweb/aiha/accidents/

Glove selection:http://www2.umdnj.edu/eohssweb/aiha/technical

/ppe htm#Gloves/Chemical

Laboratory SafetyWeb Sites