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על כל , כדורים שקופים 4-כדורים שחורים ו 8, כדורים לבנים 12הכדורים של נורית יש בקופסת .11נורית הכניסה , לאחר מכן. נורית הוציאה כדור לבן והחזירה אותו לקופסה. אחד מהם מספר שונה
לבסוף היא . את אותו כדור שהוציאה בפעם הראשונה בדיוקשוב את ידה לקופסה והוציאה .ר לקופסההחזירה את הכדו
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יצרו rמארבע מרכזי מעגלים זהים המשיקים זה לזה ושרדיוסם .15 .בשרטוט ריבוע כמתואר
?באיזה מהמשפטים הבאים המילה המודגשת מתאימה להקשר .4
.הזקנות שעבדו בארמונוחשרות המושל האכזר התייחס בזלזול ל) 1( .עננים ברקיע חשרותמשה היה בטוח כי גשם יתחיל לרדת בקרוב לאחר שראה ) 2( .הקדמיות חשרותדניאל עצר את מכוניתו בצד הכביש לאחר שחש כי יש לו נקר ב) 3(
. הזכוכית שבביתו חשרותיששכר ניקה במטלית לחה את ) 4(
המתאימה עליכם להשלים כל משפט בעזרת קבוצת המילים . ובו חסרות כמה מילים, בכל שאלה מופיע משפט
.מתוך ארבע קבוצות המילים המוצעות ביותר
אזי אפנה , _____ אם תבקש ממני לפנות _____ , . שאומרים לי_____ החלטתי לעשות בדיוק .11 _____.
ימינה / ימינה / מסיבה זאת / את ההפך ממה ) 1(
שמאלה / שמאלה / על כן / את מה ) 2(
ימינה / ימינה / אף על פי כן / את מה ) 3(
ימינה /שמאלה /למרות זאת /את ההפך ממה ) 4(
ד ללמוד ועל כן מקפי, "אין סכין מתחדדת אלא בירך חברתה"ביטוי _____ שימי .12 . _____ אנשים רבים שהלימוד בקבוצה _____ בהתנהגות זו . _____ למבחנים
הוא לחם חוקם/ -הוא שונה מ/ בגפו / -אינו מאמין בנכונות ה) 1(
המועדפת הלימודים הוא צורת / -אין הוא דומה ל/ בצוותא עם חבריו / -מאמין אמונה שלמה ב) 2( עליהם
אהוב עליהם/ -אין הוא נבדל מ/ לבדו / -על פי רוח ה אינו פועל) 3(
אינו מועדף עליהם / -דומה הוא ל /ביחד עם ידידיו / -פועל על פי רוח ה) 4(
קרוב , מסיבה זאת. _____ מתוך שאיפה " און דה האוס"מר טיני מגלה עניין בחברת הבנייה .13 .מר טיני_____ א לידי תבי_____ , כוונות _____ לוודאי שהעובדה כי החברה
העולות השכם והערב לאסור הגעת עובדים / -מגיבה בחיוב ל/ לייבא עבורה עובדים זרים לארץ ) 1( עניין רב יותר של / זרים
מימוש מהיר / להגדיל את צי הרכבים שלה / אינה מראה / למכור לה את המשאית הכבדה שלו ) 2( של רצונו של
פיצוץ העסקה /להוריד את מחיריה /מראה /ומתן לשם בניית ביתו החדש לנהל איתה משא) 3( מצדו של
הפסקת/ לעבור לעסוק בתחום התעשייה בלבד / מגלה / להשתלט על חברת בנייה ביום מן הימים ) 4( של והתעניינות
א לא אחר מאשר העובדה כי המפיק של הדיסק הו. אז החדש שיצא'את דיסק הג_____ ירון .14 . _____ שמאחורי יחסו זה עומדים שיקולים , _____ אהרון_____
בלתי מקצועיים/ מחלישה את הסברה / יריבו משכבר הימים / מרבה לשבח ) 1(
מקצועיים/ מחזקת את הסברה / חברו הטוב / מרבה להלל ) 2(
החלטתי _____ מתכוון ____ : "אם אלכס אמר לי. אלכס הינו שקרן שמילת אמת לא יוצאת מפיו .15 .לי את הכסף_____ אזי עליי להבין כי הוא מתכוון , "הכסף שנתת לי_____
להחזיר / החזיר לך את ל/ -לא לחזור בי מ/ אני ) 1(
להשיב / שלא להשיב לך את / -לחזור בי מ/ איני ) 2(
לא לשקול מחדש האם להשיב/ שלא להחזיר לך את / לשקול מחדש את / איני ) 3(
להודיע לי בקרוב האם יחזיר / לגבי / להודיע לך בקרוב מהי / אני ) 4(
)19-16שאלות ( החלפת אותיות
מילה זו . בכל משפט יש מילה אחת הכתובה באותיות מודגשות .אלות הבאות ארבעה משפטיםבכל שאלה מהש
אך שלוש , היא בעלת אותה תבנית דקדוקית כמו המילה המקורית . באה במקום המילה המקורית במשפט
ך בשלושה מתו ). מפטלתבוא המילה , במקום המילה מחשב, לדוגמה. (ל.ט.אותיות שלה הוחלפו באותיות פ
מחליפות האותיות , במשפט הנותר .ל את אותה שלָשת אותיות.ט.מחליפות האותיות פ, ארבעת המשפטים
. עליך למצוא משפט זה . אחרתשלָשת אותיות . ל.ט.פ
השאלות
.ולכלך אותה לחלוטין נזל על החנוכיה פטלה) 1( .16 .פטלוניםיש צורך בשמונה מעולה זו להכנת הקצפת לעוגה ) 2(
.לצד הדלת בכל בוקרהמשקה ניח את בקבוקינוהג לה פטלןהרן ) 3(
.שנערכה ביום הספורט פטליםקבוצתו של יוחאי ניצחה בתחרות משיכת ה) 4(
.המטוס פטלעל עלו האוויר והנוסעים אנשי צוות ) 1( .17
.בכל מחיר את היעד לפטולהמפקד הורה לחייליו ) 2(
.ואין מקום לשבת פטוליםלגלות כי כל הכיסאות הופתענו , כאשר הגענו לישיבה) 3(
.על מנת לשרוף אותם פטלןת לולחץ הזמן נאלצו הפקידים להשליך את כל הניירעקב ) 4(
.הגועש פטלקבוצת המטיילים התקשתה לחצות את ה) 1( .18
.אל תערוכת הציורים שהתקיימה בתל אביבפטלו אנשים רבים ) 2(
.וץ בניסיונו לזכות בליבה של טליכשלון חר פטלמתתיהו ) 3(
.ביום חתונתו והוא היה מאושר מאוד פטלופניו של החתן ) 4(
.פטילההאפשרות כי המבחן יידחה עדיין , למרות שהסבירות לכך ירדה) 1( .19
.עם הגעתה לארץ של החברה החדשההחריפה מאוד פטילותההתחרות בשוק ) 2( .יםעבות םפטילי פושע בעל אהבקלסתרון שפרסמה המשטרה נר) 3(
SECTION 3: ENGLISH This section contains 29 questions. The time allotted is 25 minutes.
The following section contains three types of questions: Sentence Completion, Restatement and Reading Comprehension. Each question is followed by four possible responses. Choose the response which best answers the question and mark its number in the appropriate place on the answer sheet. Sentence Completions (Questions 1-12) This part consists of sentences with a word or words missing in each. For each question, choose the answer which best completes the sentence.
1. Drugs taken by a pregnant woman can affect the growth and _____ of her baby.
(1) ingestion (2) symptoms (3) development (4) usage
10. History does not seem to support the generalization that people are less ________ to fight one another as they become more alike.
(1) inclined (2) different (3) reluctant (4) arguing
11. The world's human population is increasing so fast that animals are inevitably being crowded out, and soon the more _______ species will exist solely in reservoirs and parks.
(1) vulnerable (2) various (3) extinct (4) potent
12. A disk drive is a computer information device _______ to a record player operating at a much higher speed and with a much higher capacity.
Restatements (Questions 13-19) This part consists of several sentences, each followed by four possible ways of restating the main idea of that sentence in different words. For each question, choose the one restatement which best expresses the meaning of the original sentence.
13. Over the last twenty years, Africa's elephant population has declined drastically due to ivory poaching.
(1) There are more elephants in Africa now due to ivory poaching. (2) Poachers have killed all the elephants in Africa for their ivory. (3) Poachers have stolen ivory from the declining elephant population in Africa
over the last 20 years. (4) The number of elephants in Africa has been reduced in the last two decades
as they have been killed for their ivory.
14. After Roentgen's discovery of X-rays, Henry Poincare deduced that similar radiation was emitted spontaneously by luminous bodies.
(1) The discovery of Roentgen led to the idea that glowing bodies emit such radiation after an interaction with luminous bodies.
(2) Henry Poincare argued that although Roentgen discovered X-rays, they could have been discovered by luminous bodies.
(3) Preceding the discovery of X-rays by Roentgen, Poincare assumed the existence of similar-radiation, which is emitted from glowing bodies without any interaction.
(4) From the discovery of X-rays by Roentgen, Poincare deduced the existence of similar radiation which is emitted from glowing bodies without interaction.
15. The effectiveness and appropriateness of brief psychotherapy for borderline individuals are generally rejected.
(1) Most therapists believe borderline individuals need long term treatment. (2) Although most people are against long term treatment for borderline
individuals, short term treatment is more successful. (3) Borderline individuals suffer from brief psychotherapy and are therefore
rejected. (4) Psychotherapists believe that borderline individuals are best treated by short
16. The absence of knowledge concerning our earlier and formative encounters with drugs, impedes the already difficult task of establishing a workable and sustainable drug policy.
(1) In order to plan a drug fighting policy it is unnecessary to know anything about the history of drug use.
(2) If we want to plan a feasible policy regarding drug use, it will be helpful to know our past drug history.
(3) Establishing a workable drug policy is considerably difficult. (4) Lack of knowledge is harmful to our policy.
17. While traveling, American tourists will experience little difficulty communicating as English has practically become a universal language, spoken just about anywhere.
(1) Despite the fact that English is practically a universal language, American tourists can expect little difficulty communicating while traveling.
(2) Since English is a very widespread language, there are very few places in the world where American tourists would have trouble communicating with people.
(3) Because American tourists have few problems with language, English has turned into a universal language.
(4) Since English is not a difficult language, American tourists will be accepted universally.
18. The 58 year old million-member Alcoholics Anonymous association has come under increasing criticism for what some see as the distinctly religious tilt of its 12 steps, four of which specifically - invoke "God".
(1) Alcoholics Anonymous is a religious association that criticizes the use of alcohol.
(2) More and more people are denouncing Alcoholics Anonymous for being too religious.
(3) Alcoholics Anonymous is an organization which is 58 years old, has about a million members and has 12 steps, which a member must take in order to become fully rehabilitated.
(4) There are 12 steps a man must take in order to stop being addicted to alcohol, four of which take him closer to "God".
19. The law of effect is a theory which asserts that the tendency of a stimulus to evoke a response is strengthened when the response is followed by a reward, and weakened when there is none.
(1) The strength of a response to a stimulus is in direct proportion to the amount of reward given.
(2) The theory of effect has a tendency to evoke response. (3) Stimulus, according to the law of effect, strengthens the response to a bigger
reward. (4) The theory of effect asserts that a response is strengthened if a stimulus is not
Reading Comprehension (Questions 20-29) This part consists of two reading passages, each followed by several related questions. For each question, choose the most appropriate answer based on the text.
Text I (Questions 20-24) (1)
(5) (10)
(15)
(20)
The social aspect of dreaming lies at the heart of a famous theory of dreams proposed by Sigmund Freud. According to Freud, dreams are the product of an elaborate clash between two contending forces - the unconscious primitive urges of our biological heritage and the civilizing constraints imposed by society. In dreams we sometimes see both sides of the battle. Various forbidden impulses - mostly sex and aggression - emerge, but they are soon opposed by the "thou shall nots" of our early upbringing.
The result is a compromise. The forbidden material breaks through but only in a stealthy, censored masquerade. This disguise explains why dreams are so often odd and senseless. Their senselessness is only on the surface, a cunning mask that lets us indulge in the unacceptable wish without realizing it is unacceptable.
According to Freud, some distortions involve various transformations of the unacceptable themes. One is symbolism. For example, he believed that sexual urges often emerge in symbolic guises. Thus in his view, dreams of riding horses or walking up a staircase often mask erotic desires.
Freud argued that these and many other symbolic transformations are the dreamer's way of smuggling the forbidden wish past the inner censor's eye. He believed that such defenses refer back to early childhood when the parents set up various prohibitions that continue to haunt the adult. Seen in this light, dreams reflect important social processes that pertain to the past, and the way in which major social commandments are instilled in each of us by society's first agents, our parents.
Questions
20. What process produces dreams according to Freud?
(1) Understanding primitive urges which we are unaware of. (2) A battle between the prohibitions imposed by society and our natural
urges. (3) Our reaction to everyday stimulus, which produces tensions and anxieties. (4) Our primitive urges and constraints imposed by civilization.
21. The "thou shalt nots" in line 6 can be replaced by -
(1) forbidden impulses. (2) the emergence of sex and aggression. (3) restricting rules. (4) the compromise we end up making.
22. Symbolism appears as -
(1) a contradiction to abstract dreams. (2) a mask, behind which we can hide. (3) a tool for the emergence of our urges . (4) an inner language, which we don't understand.
23. According to the last paragraph, our parents are responsible for -
(1) exposing us to their narcissistic needs. (2) our inhibitions. (3) the symbolic emergence of sexual urges. (4) the haunted dreams adults still dream to this day.
24. The best title for this paragraph is -
(1) The internal conflict that brings about dreams. (2) The role of symbolism in dreams. (3) Interpretation of dreams. (4) Freud's analytical psychology.
According to Maslow, most people, if not all of mankind, need and seek inner fulfillment. Yet, only a few ever achieve it. In part, he believed that this extremely unfortunate state of affairs exists because many people are simply blind to their potential; they neither know that it exists nor understand the rewards of self-enhancement. Rather, they tend to doubt and even fear their own abilities, thereby diminishing their chances of self-actualization.
Often, the social environment also stifles self-fulfillment. One example is the cultural stereotype of what is masculine and what is not. Human qualities as sympathy, kindness, and tenderness are frequently discouraged because of the cultural tendency to consider such characteristics "unmasculine". People, therefore, will generally need a "facilitative" society in which to maximize their human potentials to the fullest.
A final obstacle to self-actualization mentioned by Maslow is the strong negative influence exerted by the safety needs. The growth process demands a constant willingness to take risks, to make mistakes, and to break old habits. This requires courage. It follows that anything that increases the individual's fear and anxiety also increases his or her tendency to regress towards safety and security. Consequently the realization of one's full potential requires an openness to novel ideas and experiences.
Maslow maintained that children reared in a secure, warm, friendly atmosphere are more apt to acquire a healthy taste for the growth process. In short, under healthy conditions, growth is rewarding and the individual will strive to become the best he or she is able to. In other words, people who fail to develop their true potential are reacting to a deprivation of their basic needs.
If more people are to achieve self-actualization, then the world needs to be changed to permit more widespread opportunities for people to satisfy their low-level needs. Obviously, this task would require a major reorganization of many of our social institutions and political structures.
Questions
25. According to Maslow, the reason why people don't achieve self actualization is that -
(1) they are unaware of their potential. (2) society tends to stifle self-enhancement. (3) fear of failure. (4) all of the above.
26. The sentence beginning with the words "Human qualities..." (line 8) is -
(1) a contradiction to the previous sentence. (2) an example of the idea stated in the following sentence. (3) an example of the idea stated in the second sentence of the second
paragraph. (4) the reason behind the previous sentence.
27. According to the third paragraph - (1) there is a need for a "facilitative" society. (2) the lack of basic needs leads to unrealization of one's full potential. (3) in order to develop one's true potential, one needs to overcome the obstacle
of the safety needs. (4) all of the above.
28. "deprivation of their basic needs" (line 24) leads to -
(1) the growth process. (2) failure to achieve self actualization. (3) reorganization of political structures. (4) neurosis.
29. The best title for this paragraph is:
(1) Maslow's personality theory. (2) Psychotherapy according to Maslow. (3) The role of society in achieving self actualization. (4) Why can't all people achieve self actualization?
)1 (x ללא שארית 5-מתחלק ב )2 (y ללא שארית 3-מתחלק ב
)3 (x y+ 4( הוא מספר זוגי (x y⋅ הוא מספר זוגי
M02/A3 2 1פרק
)25-22 שאלות(הסקה מתרשים
.עיין היטב בתרשים שלפנייך וענה על ארבע השאלות שאחריו
.עיינו היטב בתרשים שלפניכם וענו על ארבע השאלות שלאחריו
מספר הבנים מתוך . התרשים שלפניכם מתאר את מספר הלידות בחדר יולדות במשך שבוע אחדהלידות בכל יום מתחלקות לפי קבוצות הגיל של . מן בקו מקווקוכלל הלידות ביום כלשהו מסו
.מבוגרות, בינוניות, צעירות: היולדות
מהיולדות היו 8 -והלידות התחלקו כך ש, מתוכם בנים 10, ילדים 18נולדו ' ביום א: לדוגמא .מבוגרות 6 -בגיל בינוני ו 4, צעירות
השאלות
?רבע ממספר הבנות באיזה יום מהווה מספר הבנים הנולדים .22
SECTION 6: ENGLISH This section contains 29 questions. The time allotted is 25 minutes.
The following section contains three types of questions: Sentence Completion, Restatement and Reading Comprehension. Each question is followed by four possible responses. Choose the response which best answers the question and mark its number in the appropriate place on the answer sheet. Sentence Completion (Questions 1-12) This part consists of sentences with a word missing in each. For each sentence, choose the one answer which best completes the sentence.
1. The judge scheduled the next _______ for Thursday.
(1) committee (2) hearing (3) gathering (4) court
2. Although it looks _______, the dog is really very friendly.
(1) tamed (2) vicious (3) gentle (4) lost
3. "The Name of the Rose", Umberto Eco's first novel, was praised by readers and critics alike and is considered to be .
(1) an imitation (2) a creation (3) a masterpiece (4) an implication
4. In the daily task of teaching, we frequently use definitions. These ________ one object or idea from other objects and ideas.
7. Modern technology produced changes in agriculture through the ______ of farm machinery as well as through the invention of new pesticides and herbicides.
(1) achievements (2) development (3) marketing (4) engineer
8. Research is not always glamorous. Indeed, entering data into the computer is an extremely _______ task.
11. In 1984, scientists working at the national Bureau of Standards were astonished to find a material that seemed to _______ one of the fundamental theorems of crystallography.
(1) ensure (2) discard (3) reassure (4) promote
12. The man had trouble forming relations with women because he was very _____ and insecure.
Restatements (Questions 13-19) This part consists of several sentences, each followed by four possible ways of restating the main idea of that sentence in different words. For each question, choose the one restatement which best expresses the meaning of the original sentence.
13. The growth of industrial society has created new educational needs, especially on the part of adults.
(1) Adults need more education. (2) The growing need for education, primarily on the part of adults, led to the
growth of industrial society. (3) The industry has grown in the past century. (4) The expansion of industry has led to the emergence of new educational
necessities, especially for adults.
14. Anton Chekhov's abhorrence of physical and verbal violence in his writings is a result of him being subject to both in his early childhood.
(1) The fact that his writing are filled with physical and verbal violence, is a result of Anton Chekhov's being subject to both in his early childhood.
(2) Having been the subject of physical and verbal violence, Anton Chekhov's abhorrence of them both was evident in his writings.
(3) Anton Chekhov's early childhood was filled with violence, both physical and verbal, and as a result, he used violence extensively in his writings.
(4) Violence, both physical and verbal, caused Anton Chekhov to use it in his writings as a young child, since he was very curious about it.
15. The only rational way of educating is by setting an example, or, if it cannot be avoided, an example that provides a warning.
(1) The teacher has to be a good example, because it cannot be avoided. (2) Setting an example, even one that serves as a warning, is the most logical way
to educate. (3) Being rational is the only way to educate people who want to avoid being
educated. (4) By setting a good example, one can be rational.
16. Francis Bacon was the intellectual forerunner of the promoters of the inductive method in science, so although he wasn't a teacher, he had a profound influence upon centuries to follow.
(1) Even though he was not a teacher, Francis Bacon had a significant effect on the following generations since he led the campaign for introducing the inductive method in science.
(2) Francis Bacon was an intellectual who was concerned with education and thus introduced and promoted the inductive method, which influenced all teachers and educators.
(3) Francis Bacon contributed to generations to come by inventing the inductive method in science.
(4) Francis Bacon is renowned as the teacher who introduced the inductive method in science, which greatly influenced the following generations.
17. The facts of twentieth century life - a rapidly changing society, a mounting store of knowledge, and a new understanding of people and learning - create basic problems for the instructional programs of schools.
(1) The 20th century creates some fundamental problems, such as a rapidly changing society.
(2) Some problems in school give rise to the special facts of this century's life. (3) Modern psychology, the advance of science, and a constantly changing
society, create fundamental problems for the instructional programs of schools.
(4) Modern psychology, the advance of science, and a constantly changing society, create insurmountable problems for the instructional programs of schools.
18. For many years it has been maintained, with some exaggeration, that education should tend to forsake the purely speculative fields of study, in order to establish itself upon foundations that are the result of experimentation.
(1) The basis of education should be experiments. (2) Exaggeration and speculation lay the foundation for education. (3) Abandoning the non-experimental fields of study and basing itself on
experiments has been believed for many years to be the right thing for education to do.
(4) Leaving behind experiments was maintained for many years to be the correct thing for education to do.
19. One of the clearest lessons of modern psychology is that education must be a process not only of individuation, but also of integration, which is the reconciliation of individual uniqueness with social unity.
(1) Education should be a process of individuation, and not of integration. (2) Modern psychology is a process of coexistence between the individual person
and social order. (3) Education should integrate between social minority and majority groups. (4) Education should be a process both of individuation and of conformism.
Reading Comprehension (Questions 20-29) This part consists of two reading passages, each followed by several related questions. For each question, choose the most appropriate answer based on the text.
Text I (Questions 20-24) (1) (5) (10)
(15)
It is not enough to teach a man a specialty. Through it he may become a kind of useful machine, but not a harmoniously developed personality. It is essential that the student acquire an understanding of, and a lively feeling for, values. He must acquire a vivid sense of the beautiful and of the morally good. Otherwise he, with his specialized knowledge, more closely resembles a well-trained dog than a harmoniously developed person. He must learn to understand the motives of human beings, their illusions, and their sufferings in order to acquire a proper relationship to his fellow-men and to the community.
These precious things are conveyed to the younger generation through personal contact with their teachers, and not through textbooks. It is this that primarily constitutes and preserves culture.
Over-emphasis on the competitive system and premature specialization on the grounds of immediate usefulness kill the spirit on which all cultural life depends. It is also vital to a valuable education that independent critical thinking be developed in the young human being, a development that is greatly jeopardized by over-burdening him with too much and with too varied subjects. Over-burdening necessarily leads to superficiality. Teaching should be such that what is offered is perceived as a valuable gift and not as a hard duty.
Questions
20. "These precious things" (line 9) refer to -
(1) values. (2) specialization. (3) teachers. (4) personal contact.
Two 11 year-old children are taking an "intelligence" test. They sit at their desks laboring over the meanings of different words, the interpretation of graphs, and the solutions to arithmetic problems. Later, their scores are converted into a standardized score that compares the individual child with a population of children of similar age.
The teachers notice that one of the children has performed at a superior level. The other child's performance is "average". Teachers begin to expect the first child to do quite well during his formal schooling, whereas the second is expected to have only moderate success. Indeed these predictions come true.
How does this happen? One explanation involves our free use of the word "intelligence": the-child with greater "intelligence" has the ability to solve problems, to find answers to specific questions, and to learn new material quickly and efficiently. "Intelligence", from this point of view, is a general ability that is found in varying degrees in all individuals. This ability can be measured reliably by written examinations that, in turn, predict future success in school.
What happens after school is completed? Consider the 2 individuals in the example. Looking further down the road, we find that the "average" student has become a highly successful mechanical engineer, and is considered by all to be a talented individual. The "superior" student, on the other hand has had little success in his chosen career as a writer. After repeated rejection by publishers, he has taken a minor management position at a bank. He is considered to be quite "ordinary" in his adult accomplishments. So what happened?
This fabricated example is based on the facts of intelligence testing. IQ tests predict school performance with considerable accuracy, but they are only indifferent predictors of professional performance later in life. Furthermore, IQ tests measure only logical or logical-linguistic capabilities. In this society we are nearly "brainwashed" to restrict the notion of intelligence to the capacities used in solving logical and linguistic problems.
We believe that human cognitive competence is better described in terms of a set of abilities, talents, or mental skills, which we call "intelligence". All normal individuals possess each of these skills to some extent - individuals differ in the degree of skill and in their combination of skills. We believe that this theory may be more humane and that it reflects more adequately the data of human "intelligent" behavior.
Questions
25. The third paragraph tries to explain the fact that -
(1) the teachers' predictions turned out to be false. (2) the IQ tests correctly predicted success in school. (3) the child with better problem-solving abilities succeeded in "real" life. (4) one child succeeded in the test better than his friend.
(1) the different types of intelligence. (2) the fact that the traditional way of measuring intelligence doesn't give results
that predict after-schooling success. (3) what could happen to any student, no matter how intelligent he is. (4) what IQ tests are for.
27. According to the passage, IQ tests -
(1) shouldn't be taken. (2) don't predict a thing. (3) predict only after-school achievements. (4) measure only logical-linguistic capabilities.
28. The last paragraph -
(1) displays an attitude contradictory to the one in the third paragraph. (2) is a summary of the whole passage. (3) is a contradiction of the previous paragraph. (4) is an example of the previous paragraph.
29. The differences between the two descriptions of intelligence are:
(1) The first views it as an ability to solve problems, whereas the second looks at intelligence as a combination of mental skills.
(2) Intelligence, according to the first definition, isn't valid after school. (3) The first predicts achievements in school only, whereas the second predicts
success after school too. (4) That the first deals only with logical intelligence.
המתאימה עליכם להשלים כל משפט בעזרת קבוצת המילים . ובו חסרות כמה מילים, בכל שאלה מופיע משפט
.מתוך ארבע קבוצות המילים המוצעות ביותר
. _____ תמיד ידעתי שהוא בן אדם , _____ הדברים אותם אמר ישעיהובנכונות _____ .11
שתוכו כברו/ שכן / לא פקפקתי לרגע ) 1(
שפיו וליבו שווים/ -מכיוון ש/ קשה היה לי שלא לפקפק ) 2(
שאין פיו וליבו שווים/ - מאחר ש/ לא פקפקתי לרגע ) 3(
שאין תוכו כברו / -אף על פי ש/ קשה היה לי שלא לפקפק ) 4(
שיצאו כולם נגד המאמן אלי , גרם לתחושת כעס בקרב אוהדיה" אליצור"רצף ההפסדים של קבוצת .12 . _____ בהם גרסו כי _____ ואילו _____ , בהם סברו כי על המאמן _____ : צור
לבדב יש להחליף את הקשרים / הקיצוניים / להחליף את כל החלוצים בקבוצה / המתונים ) 1(
יש לפטר את המאמן שנכשל/ המתונים / לשנות את שיטת האימון שלו / הקיצוניים ) 2(
המידיים של אין מנוס מפיטוריו / הקיצוניים / לשנות את שיטת המשחק של הקבוצה / המתונים ) 3( המאמן
אשמת המאמןב ההפסדים לא נגרמו / המתונים / להתפטר ולתלות את נעלי האימון / הקיצוניים ) 4(
מהשימוש בקשר לאפשרות של הטבה במצבו כתוצאה_____ הוא הביע _____ , למרות דעת רופאיו .13 . _____ התרופה , _____ בתרופה החדשה
הצליחה כבר לסייע לאחרים / -משום ש/ ספקנות / חדורי האמונה ) 1(
על ידי אחריםכבר נוסתה ללא תועלת / -מכיוון ש/ אופטימיות / המהוססים ) 2(
אישור הרפורמה הכלכלית לא יכולה _____ ההחלטה שנתקבלה בדירקטוריון חברת משחות השיניים .15 ._____ באומרה כי היא , אישור הרפורמה_____ משום שהיא , של מרי דול_____ -אלא להתפרש כ
תשפיע בצורה נגטיבית על החברה / -המצדדים בעמדה בראש / הפסד / נגד ) 1(
צעד לא נכון של החברה בזמן הלא נכון/ הייתה הגורם שעמד מאחורי / ניצחון / בעד ) 2(
תביא ליציאת החברה מהמשבר אליו נקלעה/ - התנגדה נחרצות ל/ הפסד / בעד ) 3(
התביא לנזק בלתי הפיך לחבר/ יצאה כנגד / ניצחון / נגד ) 4(
.סעודת מלכים שהריח שלה מילא את חלל החדר הפטילמר אהרוני ) 4(
.פוטלוגרש הכדורסל נדקר אחד האוהדים בבמהלך קטטה שפרצה במ) 1( .19
.עד עתה מבלי לעשות דבר בעניין הפטילהאינני מבין מדוע רויטל ) 2( .ולכן זייף אישורים רפואיים על כך שהוא חולה פוטליתרועי ביקש לשרת ביחידה ) 3(
.את התבטאויותיו הקיצוניות לפטליושב הראש קרא לחבר הדירקטוריון ) 4(
)24-20שאלות (היגיון
. לאחר שנקלע לחובות של עשרות מיליוני שקלים החליט יורם למכור את מכונית החיפושית שברשותו .20אתה דומה לאיש שמוציא מים בדלי : "אמר לו שמשון, כששאל את חברו שמשון האם מעשהו זה נכון
".מספינה טובעת
?מה הכוונה בדבריו של שמשון
.למכירתה של המכונית על ידי יורם הכוונה בטביעת הספינה היא) 1(
.הכוונה בדלי היא למכירתה של המכונית על ידי יורם) 2(
תרופה את הו לטנשנמצא שנשים , השפעתה של תרופה מסוימת על נשים בהריוןאת במחקר שבדק .21מסקנת החוקרים . תרופהטלו את הילדו תינוקות במשקל נמוך יותר מאשר נשים שלא נ, ןנבמהלך הריו
יחליש את מסקנת לאאיזה מהנתונים . ל ללידת תינוקות במשקל נמוךיששימוש בתרופה מוב יתההי ?החוקרים
.היבוצה השניהנשים בקבוצה שלא קיבלה את התרופה עישנו יותר מאשר הנשים בק) 1(
ת התרופה נטלו תרופה אחרת שידועה בכך שהיא מעלה את משקלו קיבלה אלא הנשים בקבוצה ש) 2( .של הפג של אישה שנוטלת אותה
כל , כל אישה בקבוצה שנטלה את התרופות לקחה את התרופה במועד שונה מרעותה) 3(
. זאת באישור הרופאים .מאוד נמוך קליבלה את התרופה נולדו בעבר ילדים במשלנשים בקבוצה שק) 4(
משה .צהובה ואדומה, ירוקה: קופסאות 3לנורית יש גם . אדומה וצהובה, כחולה: קופסאות 3יש למשה .22קופסאות 3לאחר ההעברה יש למשה . וקיבל ממנה קופסה בצבע אחר, העביר לנורית קופסה אחת
. בצבעים שונים ?בהכרחמה מהבאים נכון
.משה העביר לנורית קופסה אדומה) 1(
.משה קיבל מנורית קופסה ירוקה) 2(
.ת העבירה למשה קופסה צהובהינור) 3(
.נורית קיבלה ממשה קופסה כחולה) 4(
ידוע ששני אמנים מסוגים . זמרים ורקדנים: מופיעים אמנים משני סוגים בלבד" ענן-קופי"בבית הקפה .23אז אם האחד מפתיע את , כאשר שני אורחים שונים נפגשיםידוע כי . רו זה עם זהשונים לעולם לא יסתד
.רק המפתיע מחליף את סוגואזי , אך אם המופתע מצונן ,שניהם מחליפים את סוגם -השני
?איזה מהמצבים הבאים יביא לכך ששני האורחים יסתדרו זה עם זה
זמר מפתיע רקדן) 1(
רקדן מצונן מפתיע זמר) 2(
זמר מפתיע רקדן מצונן) 3(
רקדן מפתיע זמר) 4(
.בחר את התשובה אשר מתקנת את המשפט ומבטלת את הכשל הלוגי, מבחינה לוגית שגוילפניך משפט .24
".לפני הדוכס 20הגיע לגיל הלורדולכן , מקטנרברי לפני הלורדמקנט נולד הדוכס"
. ן מופיעותהבכל מקום ש, פךילהו" לורד"במילה " דוכס"ף את המילים יהחליש ל) 1(
.ולהיפך "אחרי"במילה " לפני"ף את המילה יהחליש ל) 2(
" אחרי"מילה וה" לפני"המילה ובין בחלקו השני של המשפט" לורד"ו" דוכס"ף בין המילים יהחליש ל) 3( .בחלקו הראשון של המשפט
.הראשון של המשפט רק בחלקו" דוכס"-ו" לורד"ף בין המילים יהחליש ל) 4(
- ניתן להניח כי אדם הסובל מהפרעה בזרימת נוזל האוזן, פי הפסקה השנייה-על .26
.יוכל לטוס לחלללא ) 1(
.י נטילת תרופות נגד בחילות"יוכל לפתור את הבעיה ע) 2(
".אדמה"אינו מקבל שדרים בנוגע למיקום ה) 3(
.לא יצליח להתהלך בשיווי משקל) 4(
-מתוך הפסקה השלישית ניתן להסיק כי .27
.החיצון בחלל אובדן הסידן ומסת העצם אינו מורגש באופן מהותי בתנאי חוסר הכבידה ) 1(
.כוח הכבידה גורם לכאבי גב עזים) 2(
.אובדן הסידן ומסת העצם אצל אסטרונאוטים הינו תהליך בלתי הפיך) 3(
.השהות בחלל החיצון גורמת להיחלשות הגוף ולמחלת האוסטאופורוזיס) 4(
- מתייחסים ל , 24המוזכרים בשורה " חלקי גוף אלה" .28
.ים ממחלות ריאה כדוגמת השחפתחלקי הגוף שנפגע) 1(
.חלקי הגוף התחתונים) 2(
.חלקי הגוף העליונים) 3(
.חלקי גוף שאינם מקושרים ללב באופן ישיר) 4(
רפואת , הארץ-בין מצב הגוף בחלל לבין מצבו על פני כדור____ מתוך הקטע ניתן להסיק כי : השלימו .29 חלות ארציות מוכרותכנראה לספק בעתיד פתרונות גם למ____ החלל
תוכל; בשל הדמיון ) 1(
תוכל; בשל ההבדל ) 2(
לא תוכל; בשל הדמיון ) 3(
לא תוכל; למרות ההבדל ) 4(
- הקטע בנוי כ , באופן כללי .30
ולאחר מכן הבאת הוכחות לתיאוריה זו, הצגת תיאוריה) 1(
זוולאחר מכן דוגמאות פרטניות של תופעה , הצגת תופעה) 2(
ולאחר מכן מתן הסברים אפשריים לתופעה זו, תיאור תופעה) 3(
ולאחר מכן תיאור מקרים הסותרים השערה זו, הצגת השערה) 4(
SECTION 8: ENGLISH This section contains 29 questions. The time allotted is 25 minutes.
The following section contains three types of questions: Sentence Completion, Restatement and Reading Comprehension. Each question is followed by four possible responses. Choose the response which best answers the question and mark its number in the appropriate place on the answer sheet. Sentence Completions (Questions 1-12) This part consists-of sentences with a word missing in each. For each sentence, choose the one answer which best completes the sentence.
1. Making a ______ between two artists is impossible.
(1) comparison (2) difference (3) point (4) profit
2. The professor's chemistry experiment caused a huge _____.
(1) exploited (2) explosion (3) laboratory (4) material
3. Many critics think that Andy Warhall's work is ______.
9. A variable Y is said to be a function of another variable X, if there is a given rule or device which ________ each value of X in its range with one value of Y.
(1) gives (2) associates (3) takes (4) alerts
10. If a sample is a population, important conclusions about the whole population can often be inferred from an analysis of the sample.
(1) arranged for (2) given to (3) representative of (4) applied to
11. The large country of China _____ a great portion of the Asian continent.
Restatements (Questions 13-19) This part consists of several sentences, each followed by four possible ways of restating the main idea of that sentence in different words. For each question, choose the one restatement which best expresses the meaning of the original sentence.
13. Many products bearing American brand names are actually exported to the U.S.A. or contain a large proportion of foreign parts.
(1) Many products bearing American brand names are not really new. (2) Only a minority of the products sold in the United States are produced there, and
most of them are made by foreign factories. (3) Many of the products bearing American names are really imported or at least
contain imported parts. (4) All American companies have their manufacturing operations outside the United
States.
14. The farther a planet is from the sun, the longer it takes it to travel once about its orbit.
(1) A distant planet circulates faster than one closer to the sun. (2) The velocity of a planet decreases as it gets farther from the sun. (3) As the distance from the sun increases, so does the length of time needed for
completion of one circle. (4) As a planet gets longer, it gets farther.
15. Neither Graham Greene's autobiography nor his chronicler's research, fully convey the depths of shame and humiliation that must have marked his early years.
(1) Graham Greene's autobiography does not reveal the emotions he felt as a little boy.
(2) Graham Greene revealed in his autobiography his shame and humiliation as a child, like no chronicler of his did.
(3) No writer has fully brought out in his writings the depths of feelings that must have been felt by Graham Greene the child.
(4) Graham Greene must have been humiliated when he was a little boy, if he had anticipated his chronicler's research.
16. The system of mathematical analysis is the logical development of modern mathematics that still constitutes the greatest technical advance in exact thinking.
(1) The development of modern logical mathematics created a great leap forward in the field of exact thinking.
(2) Exact thinking was greatly improved when modern mathematicians turned to analyzing systems.
(3) Mathematical analysis is still the greatest logical development since the beginning of exact logic.
(4) Even today, there is no technical advancement more significant to exact thinking than the creation of the mathematical analysis system.
17. People reading the biblical story of Solomon and the Queen of Sheba today, enjoy it as much as readers have throughout the ages.
(1) A person reading the biblical story of Solomon and the Queen of Sheba a hundred years ago probably read it more casually than someone reading it today.
(2) The story of Solomon and the Queen of Sheba is just as entertaining to readers today as it was to people reading it in the past.
(3) The Queen of Sheba pleased readers in the stories of Solomon just as she tries to do today.
(4) Long ago readers were able to enjoy the story of Solomon and the Queen of Sheba because it was about their days.
18. By the end of the Civil War, most of the forces that would typify twentieth-century America had begun to emerge. Northern industrialism had triumphed over Southern agrarianism, and from that victory rose a society based on mass labor and mass consumption.
(1) The Northern states had won the Civil War, which meant the victory of industry over agriculture.
(2) The outcome of the American Civil War was the evolvement of a changed society, a society constituting of mass labor and mass consumption.
(3) America changed as a result of the victory of the North in the civil war, and not for the better.
(4) Southern agriculture is what typifies twentieth-century America, which constitutes a society based on massive consumption.
19. Arab and Hindu mathematicians of ancient times, who were busy developing the beginnings of what we now call algebra, felt free to carry out experiments and deductions without the restriction of giving a physical interpretation to their results.
(1) Ancient mathematicians did not have to worry about the physical meaning of their algebra.
(2) The developers of algebra were free from the need to prove their physical interpretations.
(3) Algebra today is restricted by its physical implications. (4) Arab and Hindu mathematicians got special attention that enabled them to work
Reading Comprehension (Questions 20-29) This part consists of two reading passages, each followed by several related questions. For each question, choose the most appropriate answer based on the text. Text I (Questions 20-24)
(1)
(5)
(10)
(15)
(20)
There is at present no system of regulating the amount of radioactive materials in consumer goods, and no requirement on manufactures to tell customers what they contain. Fortunately, most products only give off trivial amounts. Even the largest doses are tiny compared to the amount everybody inevitably receives from the earth's crust or from dust falling on to its surface from outer apace. But scientists assume that even small additional doses increase the chances of contracting cancer.
Luminous clocks and watches account for the biggest doses. Worldwide they expose people to four times as much radiation as all the routine emissions from nuclear power plants. Most of the dose comes from old watches, luminesced with radium. The dose is 10,000 times higher a centimeter from the dial than it is one meter away.
Nowadays, both digital and conventional watches are luminesced with tritium or promethium 147, which give very much lower doses. But, the latest report by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) in 1982 showed that 800,000 watches containing radium were still in use in Britain. Radioactive materials are also used to luminesce compasses, exit lights in cinemas and other public places, and in the dials of certain telephones. Usually, however, the doses are extremely small.
False teeth can also give people high doses, Uranium used to be commonly used to make them shine. The National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) recommended that its use be discontinued, but thousands of people are still walking around with radioactive teeth.
Questions
20. Luminous clocks and watches -
(1) expose people to 10,000 times as much radiation as all the routine emissions from nuclear power plants.
(2) are out of use today. (3) are responsible for the biggest doses radiation. (4) are usually digital.
21. What is the difference between radium on the one hand and tritium or promethium on the other?
(1) Tritium and promethium were only discovered recently. (2) Radium releases high doses of radiation whereas tritium and promethium release only
small doses. (3) Today, Radium is used for luminescing old watches, whereas watches in the past were
luminesced with tritium and promethium. (4) They are all radioactive materials, but radium is safer.
22. In 1982 (line 16) -
(1) the latest report by UNSCEAR was published. (2) there were 800,000 watches containing radium worldwide. (3) the UNSCEAR was founded. (4) the UNSCEAR encouraged the use of tritium and promethium luminescing
watches.
23. The word "its" (line 23) refers to:
(1) false teeth (2) Uranium (3) NRPB (4) Radium
24. the best title for this passage would be:
(1) NRPB activities in the last decade (2) Cancer – how to avoid it (3) False teeth are radioactive too (4) Your daily dose of radiation
The psychoanalytic conception of human behavior was developed by Sigmund Freud in Europe about the same time behaviorism was evolving in the United States. Freud was a physician by training, but he knew about the cognitive developments then going in Europe. In some respects, his psychoanalysis was a blend of nineteenth-century versions of cognition and psychology. In particular, Freud combined then-current cognitive notions of consciousness, perception, and memory with ideas about biologically based instincts to forge a bold new theory of human behavior.
The basic assumption of Freud's theory is that much of our behavior stems from unconscious processes. By unconscious processes Freud meant beliefs, fears and desires a person is unaware of, but that nevertheless influence behavior. He believed that many of the impulses that are forbidden or punished by parents and society during childhood are derived from innate instincts. Because each of us is born with these impulses, they exert a pervasive influence that must be dealt with in some manner. Forbidding them merely forces them out of awareness into the unconscious, where they remain to affect dreams, slips of speech, or mannerisms, and to manifest themselves as emotional problems, symptoms of mental illness, or on the other hand, as socially approved behavior such as artistic and literary activity.
Freud believed that all of our actions have a cause, but that the cause is often some unconscious motive rather than the rational reason we may give. Freud's view of human nature was essentially negative; he believed that we are driven by the same basic instincts as animals (primarily sex and aggression), and that we are continually struggling against a society that stresses the control of these impulses. While most psychologists do not completely accept Freud's view of the unconscious, they would probably agree that individuals are not fully aware of some important aspects of their personality.
Questions
25. According to the passage, when did the psychoanalytic conception of behavior evolve?
(1) in the nineteenth century. (2) approximately when behaviorism was developing in the U.S. (3) only recently. (4) the answer is not given in the text.
28. Artistic and literary activity (line 19) are examples of:
(1) innate instincts which are forbidden or punished by parents. (2) emotional problems or symptoms of mental illness. (3) the way forbidden impulses can manifest themselves as socially approved
behavior. (4) the pervasive influence society exerts on a person.
29. Most psychologists today:
(1) absolutely agree with Freud. (2) completely disagree with Freud. (3) partly accept Freud's view. (4) believe that all actions have an unconscious cause or motive.