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AFGHANISTAN ALBANIA ALGERIA AMERICAN SAMOA ANDORRA ANGOLA ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA ARGENTINA ARMENIA ARUBA AUSTRALIA AUSTRIA AZERBAIJAN THE BAHAMAS BAHRAIN BANGLADESH BARBADOS BELARUS BELGIUM BELIZE BENIN BERMUDA BHUTAN BOLIVIA BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA BOTSWANA BRAZIL BRUNEI DARUSSALAM BULGARIA BURKINA FASO BURUNDI CAMBODIA CAMEROON CANADA CAPE VERDE CAYMAN ISLANDS CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC CHAD CHANNEL ISLANDS CHILE CHINA COLOMBIA COMOROS DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO REPUBLIC OF CONGO COSTA RICA CÔTE D’IVOIRE CROATIA CUBA CYPRUS CZECH REPUBLIC DENMARK DJIBOUTI DOMINICA DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ECUADOR ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT EL SALVADOR EQUATORIAL GUINEA ERITREA ESTONIA ETHIOPIA FAEROE ISLANDS FIJI FINLAND FRANCE FRENCH POLYNESIA GABON THE GAMBIA GEORGIA GERMANY GHANA GREECE GREENLAND GRENADA GUAM GUATEMALA GUINEA GUINEA-BISSAU GUYANA HAITI HONDURAS HONG KONG, CHINA HUNGARY ICELAND INDIA INDONESIA ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN IRAQ IRELAND ISLE OF MAN ISRAEL ITALY JAMAICA JAPAN JORDAN KAZAKHSTAN KENYA KIRIBATI DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF KOREA REPUBLIC OF KOREA KUWAIT KYRGYZ REPUBLIC LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC LATVIA LEBANON LESOTHO LIBERIA LIBYA LIECHTENSTEIN LITHUANIA LUXEMBOURG MACAO, CHINA FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA MADAGASCAR MALAWI MALAYSIA MALDIVES MALI MALTA MARSHALL ISLANDS MAURITANIA MAURITIUS MAYOTTE MEXICO FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA MOLDOVA MONACO MONGOLIA MONTENEGRO MOROCCO MOZAMBIQUE MYANMAR NAMIBIA NEPAL NETHERLANDS NETHERLANDS ANTILLES NEW CALEDONIA NEW ZEALAND NICARAGUA NIGER NIGERIA NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS NORWAY OMAN PAKISTAN PALAU PANAMA PAPUA NEW GUINEA PARAGUAY PERU PHILIPPINES POLAND PORTUGAL PUERTO RICO QATAR ROMANIA RUSSIAN FEDERATION RWANDA SAMOA SAN MARINO SÃO TOMÉ AND PRINCIPE SAUDI ARABIA SENEGAL SERBIA SEYCHELLES SIERRA LEONE SINGAPORE SLOVAK REPUBLIC SLOVENIA SOLOMON ISLANDS SOMALIA SOUTH AFRICA SPAIN SRI LANKA ST. KITTS AND NEVIS ST. LUCIA ST. VINCENT & GRENADINES SUDAN SURINAME SWAZILAND SWEDEN SWITZERLAND SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC TAJIKISTAN TANZANIA THAILAND TIMOR-LESTE TOGO TONGA TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO TUNISIA TURKEY TURKMENISTAN UGANDA UKRAINE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNITED KINGDOM UNITED STATES URUGUAY UZBEKISTAN VANUATU REPÚBLICA BOLIVIARANA DE VENEZUELA VIETNAM U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS WEST BANK AND GAZA REPUBLIC OF YEMEN ZAMBIA ZIMBABWE
The Little Green Data Book 2008 is based on World Development Indicators
2008 and its accompanying CD-ROM. Defining, gathering, and disseminating international statistics is a collective effort of many people and organizations. The indicators presented in World Development Indicators are the fruit of decades of work at many levels, from the field workers who administer censuses and household surveys to the committees and working parties of the national and international statistical agencies that develop the nomenclature, classifications, and standards fundamental to the international statistical system. Nongovernmental organizations have also made important contributions. We are indebted to the World Development Indicators partners, as detailed in World Development Indicators 2008. The financial assistance of the Government of Sweden is also gratefully acknowledged.
The Little Green Data Book 2008 is the result of close collaboration between the staff of the Development Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Environment Department. Mehdi Akhlaghi, Richard Fix, Kirk Hamilton, Saeed Ordoubadi, Beatriz Prieto-Oramas, Giovanni Ruta, Alexandra Sears, and Jana Stoever contributed to its preparation. Meta de Coquereaumont, Christopher Trott, and Elaine Wilson of Communications Development provided design, editing, and layout. Staff from External Affairs oversaw publication and distribution of the book.
Acknowledgments
vThe Little Green Data Book 2008
ForewordWelcome to The Little Green Data Book 2008. As in the 2007 edition, this year’s edition includes a Focus section, four introductory pages that focus on a specific issue related to development and the environment. This year the focus is on the damage from climate change and carbon dioxide emissions.
Climate change continues to dominate public discourse about the environment. Following on the strong interest stirred by the Stern Review on the Economics
of Climate Change in 2006, the Fourth Assessment Report of the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change has codified the firm scientific consensus on the extent of human-induced climate change. Another important milestone was the December 2007 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change conference in Bali, which culminated in the adoption of the Bali Roadmap, establishing four pillars—mitigation, adaptation, technology, and finance—for negotiating a post-2012 climate pact.
As this Focus shows, global warming can have negative effects on agriculture, health, infrastructure, and other economic activities —effects that are likely to hit developing countries the hardest. While high-income countries emit more carbon dioxide than developing countries, emissions from developing countries are growing at a faster pace. And emissions per capita in high-income countries are still five times higher than in developing countries.
The Little Green Data Book 2008 is a collaboration between the Development Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Environment Department of the World Bank. We welcome your suggestions for how to improve future editions and make them more useful.
Shaida Badiee James Warren Evans
Director Director
Development Data Group Environment Department
vi 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Focus: climate changeClimate change effects on agricultural productivity
Global warming is predicted to reduce worldwide agricultural productivity more than 15 percent by the 2080s. The effect will be more severe for developing countries than for developed countries, partly for geographic reasons. The predicted effect becomes positive for developed countries when carbon fertilization effects are taken into account.
Change in agricultural productivity (%)
Source: Cline 2007.
Climate change effects on health
The largest health impacts of climate change are on malnutrition and are linked to declining agricultural yields. While the effects are felt in South East Asia through malnutrition and diarrhea, the impact on Africa is expected to be dominated by increased incidence of malaria.
Estimated disability-adjusted life years attributable to climate change, 2000 (millions)
Note: Regions are World Health Organization Regions. Climate change for 2000 is estimated by interpolating between baseline (1961–90) climate variables and projected climate variables, assuming climate stabilization at 750 parts per million of carbon dioxide in 2000.
Source: McMichael and others 2004.
–20
–10
0
10
Developed countriesDeveloping countriesWorld
Without carbon fertilization With carbon fertilization
0
1
2
3
FloodsMalariaDiarrheaMalnutrition
OtherWestern Pacific, low child, low adult mortalityAfrica, high child, high adult mortalityEastern Mediterranean, high child, high adult mortalityAfrica, high child, very high adult mortalitySoutheast Asia, high child, high adult mortality
viiThe Little Green Data Book 2008
Climate change effects due to rise in sea level
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicts a 1 meter rise in sea level over the next hundred years linked to climate change (barring catastrophic events, such as the melting of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet). The effects are most severe in the Middle East and North Africa and East Asia and Pacific for virtually all dimensions measured.
Losses due to 1 meter rise in sea level, by category (%)
Note: The figure assumes no adaptation.
Source: Dasgupta and others 2007.
Climate change effects due to extreme weather events
Weather variability is likely to increase. The five countries most vulnerable to extreme weather events in each region are shown. Ethiopia and Bangladesh stand out as the countries most vulnerable to extreme weather events.
Weather damage index
Note: The index takes into account droughts, heat waves, floods, wildfires, and wind storms between 1960 and 2002. People killed are given a weight of 1,000, people rendered homeless a weight of 10, and people affected a weight of 1. The sum is divided by population in 1980 (the midpoint of the period).
Source: Buys and others 2007.
0
1
2
3
4
Sub-SaharanAfrica
SouthAsia
Middle East& NorthAfrica
LatinAmerica &Caribbean
East Asia &Pacific
World
Area
Popu
latio
nGD
PUr
ban
exte
ntAg
ricul
tura
l ext
ent
Wet
land
s
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Botswa
na
Djibou
ti
Suda
n
Mozam
biqu
e
Ethiop
ia
Maldive
s
Pakis
tan
Sri L
anka
India
Bang
lade
shSy
ria
Yemen
, Rep
.
Tunisia
JordanIra
n
Nica
ragu
aHa
iti
Belize
Antig
ua and
Barbu
da
Hond
uras
Philip
pine
s
Solomon
Island
s
Lao PD
R
Samoa
Tong
a
East Asia & Pacific
Latin America& Caribbean
Middle East &North Africa
SouthAsia
Sub-SaharanAfrica
viii 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Focus: climate changeProjected trends in energy emissions
While high-income economies today produce nearly half of world carbon dioxide emissions from energy, developing economies are projected to increase their share at a faster rate.
Energy-related carbon dioxide emissions, by income group (billions of tons)
Source: IEA 2007.
World distribution of per capita emissions
Per capita emissions of greenhouse gases (including land use change) differ widely across countries and regions. High-income economies have the highest levels of emissions, but when land use change is taken into account Indonesia, the Russian Federation, and Brazil also have significant emissions per capita.
Per capita emissions, by country and region, 2000 (tons)
Source: WRI 2008.
0
10
20
30
20302015
Developing economies
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development economies
Transition economies
2005
0
10
20
30
6 billion4 billion2 billion
Unite
d St
ates
Othe
r hig
h-in
com
e
Indo
nesi
aRu
ssia
n Fe
dera
tion
Braz
ilOt
her L
atin
Am
eric
a&
Car
ibbe
anOt
her E
urop
e&
Cen
tral A
sia
Othe
r Eas
t As
ia &
Pac
ific
Sub-
Saha
ran
Afric
a
Mid
dle
East
&
Nor
th A
frica
Othe
rSo
uth
Asia
Chin
a
Indi
a
Population
ixThe Little Green Data Book 2008
Emissions by source, high-income and transition economies
Nearly all greenhouse gas emissions from high-income and transition economies (those listed in Annex I of the Kyoto Protocol) are linked to energy use (86.6 percent), including power generation, transport, and building heating and cooling.
Share of emissions, 2000 (Annex I)
Source: WRI 2008.
Emissions by source, low-income economies
In developing economies greenhouse gas emissions stem mostly from land use change, forestry, and agriculture (51.2 percent). Energy-related emissions come next (42.5 percent). Better management of land and forests in developing economies can offer both mitigation and development benefits.
Share of emissions, 2000 (non–Annex I)
Source: WRI 2008.
Industrial processes 3.7%
Agriculture 8.7%
Land use changeand forestry –1.6% Waste 2.8%
Energy86.6%
Waste 3.1%
Industrial processes 3.2%
Energy42.5%
Land usechange and
forestry35.5%
Agriculture15.7%
Note: Annex I countries that have ratified the Kyoto Protocol are committed to binding emissions targets to reduce greenhouse gases. Non–Annex I countries are developing countries, which have no specific greenhouse gas emissions obligations.
x 2008 The Little Green Data Book
The data in this book are for the most recent year available; for details, see
the Glossary. Regional aggregates include data for low- and middle-income
economies only. Aggregates for regions and income groups are shown only
if data are available for 66 percent of the economies in that group.
Symbols used:
0 or 0.0 indicates zero or small enough that the number rounds to zero
at the displayed number of decimal places
.. indicates that data are not available
$ indicates current U.S. dollars
Data are shown for economies with populations greater than 30,000 or for
smaller economies if they are members of the World Bank. The word country
(used interchangeably with economy) does not imply political independence
or official recognition by the World Bank but refers to any economy for which
the authorities report separate social or economic statistics.
The selection of indicators in these pages includes some that are being used
to monitor progress toward the Millennium Development Goals. For more
information about the eight goals—halving poverty and increasing well-being
by 2015—please visit our Web site www.developmentgoals.org or see the
other books in the World Development Indicators 2008 series.
Data notes
1The Little Green Data Book 2008
The country composition of regions is based on the World Bank’s analytical
regions and may differ from common geographic usage.
East Asia and Pacific
American Samoa, Cambodia, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Kiribati, Democratic
Republic of Korea, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Marshall
Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Northern
Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Solomon
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 6,538 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 129,645 GDP ($ billions) 48,461.9
7,44849.12.21.4
3818.1
1,166498
30.50.2
11.6
5.01,796
9.72,67866.416.0
0.514.3127.7
53118
6,778
9.170837294573879
73
21.812.4
4.44.10.50.00.40.48.3
World
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 1,899 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 15,871 GDP ($ billions) 3,616.7
1,85642.43.51.1
51....
547
28.40.1
12.1
3.31,18215.5
1,49281.915.6
0.903.2797.7
7314
5,022
11.174797092513672
29
47.210.3
2.17.10.90.01.21.3
28.5
East Asia & Pacific
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 461 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23,248 GDP ($ billions) 2,499.4
4,81563.8
0.20.1
2810.9400129
38.3–0.07.0
3.32,826
2.23,633
66.117.5
0.817.06
–30.229
152
11,473
7.559928099857093
26
22.610.3
4.118.4
1.10.01.10.5
–4.9
Europe & Central Asia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
5The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 556 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20,156 GDP ($ billions) 2,964.2
4,78577.72.11.5
3612.5
1,003241
45.40.5
19.7
7.01,19814.8
1,71537.057.6
0.312.5529.6
37115
24,471
2.071917396774986
26
22.412.14.49.13.00.00.40.41.8
Latin America & Caribbean
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
6 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 311 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8,953 GDP ($ billions) 734.4
2,50757.52.62.0
2233.8
1,050672
2.4–0.43.4
4.71,270
1.11,358
92.57.4
0.673.86
101.17734
757
105.089898196765892
42
..10.9
4.640.0
0.30.11.10.6
..
Middle East & North Africa
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
7The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 1,499 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 4,781 GDP ($ billions) 1,146.7
76828.8
2.71.8
5539.2
1,391619
16.8–0.16.0
4.645331.543279.916.7
0.541.0597.0
818
1,230
51.890848194372763
83
32.18.93.54.50.90.51.10.8
18.8
South Asia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
8 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 782 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23,606 GDP ($ billions) 712.7
82935.8
4.12.6
443.5
..351
26.50.7
11.3
2.7681
56.354276.120.1
0.570.9246.3
60..
5,093
3.187564280372853
157
19.410.73.8
18.72.30.40.60.4
–10.0
Sub-Saharan Africa
9The Little Green Data Book 2008
For operational and analytical purposes the World Bank’s main criterion
for classifying economies is gross national income (GNI) per capita. Every
economy in The Little Green Data Book is classified as low income, middle
income, or high income. Low- and middle-income economies are sometimes
referred to as developing economies. The use of the term is convenient; it
is not intended to imply that all economies in the group are experiencing
similar development or that other economies have reached a preferred or
final stage of development. Classification by income does not necessarily
reflect development status.
Low-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $905 or less
in 2006.
Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than
$905 but less than $11,116. Lower-middle-income and upper-middle-income
economies are separated at a GNI per capita of $3,595.
High-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $11,116 or
more.
Euro area includes the member states of the Economic and Monetary
Union of the European Union that have adopted the euro as their currency:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain.
Income group tables
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
10 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2,420 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28,147 GDP ($ billions) 1,618.7
64930.4
3.12.0
4524.0
..544
23.90.69.9
3.848641.739172.424.8
0.530.9055.7
748
3,077
18.989756988382860
112
30.59.03.49.41.30.61.00.7
11.9
Low income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
11The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 3,088 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 68,468 GDP ($ billions) 10,059.2
3,05354.5
2.41.1
3518.2
1,331471
33.80.2
11.7
4.01,486
10.31,928
71.521.5
0.703.9529.9
5650
8,754
6.371847295624181
33
30.510.93.5
12.81.60.00.90.87.0
Middle income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
12 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2,276 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 27,977 GDP ($ billions) 4,735.7
2,03847.33.01.1
4226.3
2,057531
26.50.1
12.8
3.61,21612.8
1,50278.616.8
0.823.3771.1
6921
5,769
7.375817193553976
36
41.410.42.5
11.11.10.01.21.1
18.9
Lower middle income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
13The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 811 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 40,492 GDP ($ billions) 5,324.6
5,91375.0
1.40.9
309.0
672112
38.80.2
10.9
4.62,248
6.53,13161.927.8
0.575.60–7.733
140
17,199
4.054937898816089
26
22.311.44.4
14.42.00.00.70.4
–2.2
Upper middle income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
14 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 5,507 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 96,616 GDP ($ billions) 11,678.6
1,99743.9
2.61.5
3820.4
1,159511
30.90.3
11.2
4.01,07116.2
1,29071.622.0
0.672.6233.2
6139
6,268
8.878807093513474
79
30.510.73.5
12.31.50.10.90.87.6
Low and middle income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
15The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 317 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,465 GDP ($ billions) 10,636.4
34,30773.5
0.60.4
4716.8
1,904180
37.2–0.711.5
7.53,961
4.36,926
52.58.4
0.288.22
3.924
536
2,951
22.338
100100100100
..
..
4
21.813.8
4.80.40.00.00.20.2
12.0
Euro area
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
16 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 1,031 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 33,029 GDP ($ billions) 36,794.5
36,60877.61.10.7
3611.0
1,188325
29.5–0.113.0
6.05,498
3.29,76062.511.5
0.4113.23
22.427
467
9,579
10.2429998
100100
..100
7
19.913.0
4.71.50.20.00.30.39.3
High income
17The Little Green Data Book 2008
China
Unless otherwise noted, data for China do not include data for Hong Kong,
China; Macao, China; and Taiwan, China.
Serbia
Data on population and gross national income per capita for Serbia exclude
Kosovo and Metohija.
Country tables
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
18 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
South Asia
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) .. Land area (1,000 sq. km) 652 GDP ($ billions) 8.4
.. 768 649
.. 28.8 30.4
.. 2.7 3.1
.. 1.8 2.0
58 55 4533.8 39.2 24.0
.. 1,391 ..
.. 619 544
1.3 16.8 23.92.7 –0.1 0.60.3 6.0 9.957833
4,0002
3.6
.. 4.6 3.8
.. 453 486
.. 31.5 41.7
.. 432 391
.. 79.9 72.4
.. 16.7 24.8
0.04 0.54 0.53.. 1.05 0.90
–73.5 97.0 55.744 81 74
.. 8 8
.. 1,230 3,077
42.3 51.8 18.998 90 89
.. 84 75
.. 81 69
.. 94 88
.. 37 38
.. 27 28
.. 63 60
19.020.0257 83 112
.. 32.1 30.57.7 8.9 9.0
.. 3.5 3.4
.. 4.5 9.4
.. 0.9 1.30.9 0.5 0.60.1 1.1 1.00.9 0.8 0.7
.. 18.8 11.9
Afghanistan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
19The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 3.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 27 GDP ($ billions) 9.1
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
20 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 33 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,382 GDP ($ billions) 114.7
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
21The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 60 Land area (sq. km) 200 GDP ($ billions) ..
.. 1,856 5,91391.6 42.4 75.0
.. 3.5 1.4
.. 1.1 0.9
25 51 30.. .. 9.0.. .. 672
254 547 112
90.0 28.4 38.80.0 0.1 0.22.5 12.1 10.94626
4711
0.4
.. 3.3 4.6
.. 1,182 2,248
.. 15.5 6.5
.. 1,492 3,131
.. 81.9 61.9
.. 15.6 27.8
.. 0.9 0.65.1 3.3 5.6
.. 97.7 –7.7
.. 73 33
.. 14 140
.. 5,022 17,199
.. 11.1 4.0
.. 74 54
.. 79 93
.. 70 78
.. 92 98
.. 51 81
.. 36 60
.. 72 89
..
..
.. 29 26
.. 47.2 22.3
.. 10.3 11.4
.. 2.1 4.4
.. 7.1 14.4
.. 0.9 2.0
.. 0.0 0.0
.. 1.2 0.7
.. 1.3 0.4
.. 28.5 –2.2
American Samoa
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
22 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 67 Land area (sq. km) 470 GDP ($ billions) ..
.. 36,60890.3 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
55 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
622 325
34.0 29.50.0 –0.17.0 13.0
..
..
..
..0.0
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4
.. 13.2
.. 22.428 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..3 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Andorra
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
23The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 17 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,247 GDP ($ billions) 45.2
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
24 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 84 Land area (sq. km) 440 GDP ($ millions) 998
11,050 36,60839.6 77.6
2.6 1.11.9 0.7
32 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
632 325
20.5 29.50.0 –0.10.0 13.0
18622
1,1584
0.5
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
0.4 0.45.1 13.2
37.8 22.412 27
.. 467
1,204 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 4291 9989 9895 10095 10094 ..98 100
..
..11 7
.. 19.914.0 13.03.9 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.2
.. 0.00.4 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Antigua and Barbuda
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
25The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 39 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,737 GDP ($ billions) 214.2
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
26 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 3.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 6.4
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
27The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 101 Land area (sq. km) 180 GDP ($ billions) ..
.. 36,60846.7 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
11 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
2,678 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.11.7 13.09223
460..
0.4
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.421.8 13.217.1 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99100 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Aruba
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
28 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 21 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 7,682 GDP ($ billions) 780.5
35,860 36,60888.4 77.6
1.4 1.11.2 0.7
58 364.8 11.0
448 1,1885 325
21.3 29.50.2 –0.19.7 13.0
1,227568
15,63855
95.8
5.7 6.05,978 5,498
4.3 3.211,481 9,760
92.6 62.56.3 11.5
0.5 0.416.2 13.217.3 22.4
15 27542 467
24,118 9,579
4.9 10.275 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..6 7
21.9 19.915.1 13.0
4.7 4.73.6 1.55.1 0.20.0 0.00.4 0.30.1 0.32.4 9.3
Australia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
29The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 8.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 82 GDP ($ billions) 322.0
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
30 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 8.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 83 GDP ($ billions) 19.9
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
31The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,60890.6 77.6
2.1 1.11.6 0.7
1 368.3 11.0
.. 1,188388 325
51.4 29.50.0 –0.12.1 13.0
34737
1,1115
4.3
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.46.3 13.23.0 22.437 27
290 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 4297 9986 9898 100
100 100100 ..100 100
..
..14 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.03.8 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.30.5 0.3
.. 9.3
Population (thousands) 327 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
High-income group
Bahamas, The
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
32 2008 The Little Green Data Book
19,350 36,60896.7 77.6
3.1 1.12.5 0.7
14 3666.7 11.0
9,200 1,1881,268 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.11.1 13.0
21016
195..
0.0
3.0 6.011,214 5,498
0.0 3.211,401 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.8 0.423.8 13.244.6 22.4
88 27325 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.257 42
.. 99
.. 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..100 100
..
..10 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.04.4 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.20.0 0.0
.. 0.30.6 0.3
.. 9.3
Population (thousands) 739 Land area (sq. km) 710 GDP ($ billions) 16.0
Country data
High-income group
Bahrain
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 156 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 130 GDP ($ billions) 61.9
Bangladesh
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
34 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 293 Land area (sq. km) 430 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
High-income group
.. 36,60853.3 77.6
1.6 1.10.5 0.7
44 3629.4 11.0885 1,188863 325
4.7 29.50.0 –0.10.0 13.0
23620
5722
0.3
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.44.4 13.2
17.7 22.434 27
343 467
343 9,579
90.0 10.222 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..99 100
..
..12 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.07.0 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.30.0 0.3
.. 9.3
Barbados
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 9.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 207 GDP ($ billions) 36.9
Belarus
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
36 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 11 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 30 GDP ($ billions) 394.0
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 298 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23 GDP ($ billions) 1.2
Belize
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
38 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 8.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 111 GDP ($ billions) 4.8
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
39The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (thousands) 64 Land area (sq. km) 50 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
High-income group
.. 36,608100.0 77.6
0.3 1.10.3 0.7
20 36.. 11.0.. 1,1880 325
20.0 29.50.0 –0.18.0 13.0
24343
1674
1.5
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.48.7 13.2
–6.8 22.4.. 27.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.03.3 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Bermuda
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
40 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 649 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 47 GDP ($ millions) 942
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
41The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 9.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,084 GDP ($ billions) 11.2
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
42 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 3.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 51 GDP ($ billions) 12.3
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
43The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 1.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 567 GDP ($ billions) 10.6
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
44 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 189 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8,459 GDP ($ billions) 1,067.5
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
45The Little Green Data Book 2008
26,930 36,60873.9 77.6
3.2 1.12.5 0.7
5 365.6 11.0
.. 1,188708 325
52.8 29.50.8 –0.1
61.5 13.0567
506,000
990.1
6.7 6.07,065 5,498
0.7 3.27,498 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.5 0.424.1 13.251.3 22.4
46 27397 467
22,738 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..9 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.02.8 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.30.3 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 382 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 5.3 GDP ($ billions) 11.6
Brunei Darussalam
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
46 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 7.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 109 GDP ($ billions) 31.5
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 14 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 274 GDP ($ billions) 6.2
Burkina Faso
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
48 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 8.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 26 GDP ($ millions) 903
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
49The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 14 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 177 GDP ($ billions) 7.3
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 18 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 465 GDP ($ billions) 18.3
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Cameroon
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
51The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 33 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,094 GDP ($ billions) 1,271.6
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 519 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 4.0 GDP ($ billions) 1.1
Cape Verde
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
53The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,608100.0 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
12 36.. 11.0.. 1,1880 325
46.2 29.50.0 –0.13.1 13.0
22122
5392
0.7
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.47.1 13.2
25.0 22.420 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 46 Land area (sq. km) 260 GDP ($ billions) ..
Cayman Islands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 4.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 623 GDP ($ billions) 1.5
Central African Republic
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,259 GDP ($ billions) 6.5
Chad
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
56 2008 The Little Green Data Book
.. 36,60830.6 77.6
0.1 1.10.3 0.7
40 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
2,718 325
5.3 29.50.0 –0.1
.. 13.0
..
..
..
..0.0
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4
.. 13.2
.. 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 149 Land area (sq. km) 190 GDP ($ billions) ..
Channel Islands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
57The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 16 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 749 GDP ($ billions) 145.8
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 1,312 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,327 GDP ($ billions) 2,644.7
China
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 46 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,110 GDP ($ billions) 153.4
Colombia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 614 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.9 GDP ($ millions) 403
Comoros
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
61The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 61 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,267 GDP ($ billions) 8.5
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
62 2008 The Little Green Data Book
1,050 829 2,03860.6 35.8 47.3
3.3 4.1 3.02.6 2.6 1.1
31 44 420.4 3.5 26.3
.. .. 2,057290 351 531
65.8 26.5 26.50.1 0.7 0.1
18.0 11.3 12.8763
376,000
353.4
9.8 2.7 3.6332 681 1,216
56.3 56.3 12.8160 542 1,5020.3 76.1 78.6
99.7 20.1 16.8
0.3 0.6 0.81.0 0.9 3.4
201.9 46.3 71.191 60 698 .. 21
61,498 5,093 5,769
0.0 3.1 7.39 87 75
58 56 8127 42 7184 80 9327 37 5525 28 3928 53 76
..
..126 157 36
.. 19.4 41.4
.. 10.7 10.42.6 3.8 2.5
.. 18.7 11.1
.. 2.3 1.1
.. 0.4 0.0
.. 0.6 1.21.0 0.4 1.1
.. –10.0 18.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 3.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 342 GDP ($ billions) 7.4
Congo, Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
63The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 4.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 51 GDP ($ billions) 22.2
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
64 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 19 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 318 GDP ($ billions) 17.6
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 4.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 56 GDP ($ billions) 42.9
Croatia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 11 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 110 GDP ($ billions) ..
Cuba
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
67The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
High-income group
23,270 36,60869.5 77.6
2.0 1.11.8 0.7
18 3620.5 11.0
1,410 1,188194 325
18.8 29.5–0.5 –0.18.3 13.037023
1,6827
0.5
7.3 6.03,368 5,498
0.6 3.25,560 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.4 0.49.1 13.2
45.2 22.447 27
550 467
1,056 9,579
30.0 10.271 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..4 7
.. 19.913.9 13.0
5.8 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.3 0.30.9 0.3
.. 9.3
Population (thousands) 771 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9.2 GDP ($ billions) 18.4
Cyprus
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
68 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 77 GDP ($ billions) 143.0
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
69The Little Green Data Book 2008
52,110 36,60885.7 77.60.4 1.10.4 0.7
61 3611.2 11.0599 1,188
35 325
11.8 29.5–0.8 –0.125.7 13.0508
281,450
30.2
9.3 6.03,621 5,49813.2 3.2
6,663 9,76070.7 62.50.1 11.5
0.3 0.49.8 13.26.4 22.419 27
354 467
1,108 9,579
21.2 10.243 42
100 99100 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..5 7
25.0 19.915.0 13.0
8.1 4.73.4 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.30.1 0.3
14.4 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 5.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 42 GDP ($ billions) 275.4
Denmark
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
70 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 819 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23 GDP ($ millions) 769
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
71The Little Green Data Book 2008
4,160 4,785 5,91373.2 77.7 75.0
0.5 2.1 1.40.0 1.5 0.9
31 36 30.. 12.5 9.0.. 1,003 672
390 241 112
61.3 45.4 38.80.6 0.5 0.2
26.5 19.7 10.9180
271,228
111.1
.. 7.0 4.6
.. 1,198 2,248
.. 14.8 6.5
.. 1,715 3,131
.. 37.0 61.9
.. 57.6 27.8
0.2 0.3 0.61.5 2.5 5.6
81.3 29.6 –7.729 37 33
.. 115 140
.. 24,471 17,199
.. 2.0 4.0
.. 71 5497 91 9390 73 78
100 96 9884 77 8175 49 6086 86 89
..
..15 26 26
.. 22.4 22.3
.. 12.1 11.45.0 4.4 4.4
.. 9.1 14.4
.. 3.0 2.0
.. 0.0 0.0
.. 0.4 0.7
.. 0.4 0.4
.. 1.8 –2.2
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 72 Land area (sq. km) 750 GDP ($ millions) 319
Dominica
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
72 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 9.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 48 GDP ($ billions) 31.8
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 13 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 277 GDP ($ billions) 41.4
Ecuador
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 74 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 995 GDP ($ billions) 107.5
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Egypt, Arab Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
75The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 6.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 21 GDP ($ billions) 18.7
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
76 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
8,510 829 5,91339.1 35.8 75.0
3.1 4.1 1.42.4 2.6 0.9
12 44 30.. 3.5 9.0.. .. 672
228 351 112
58.2 26.5 38.80.9 0.7 0.2
16.2 11.3 10.957142
3,250631.7
.. 2.7 4.6
.. 681 2,248
.. 56.3 6.5
.. 542 3,131
.. 76.1 61.9
.. 20.1 27.8
0.4 0.6 0.611.5 0.9 5.6
4,525.0 46.3 –7.78 60 33.. .. 140
53,708 5,093 17,199
0.4 3.1 4.01 87 54
43 56 9342 42 7845 80 9853 37 8146 28 6060 53 89
..
..206 157 26
75.4 19.4 22.321.7 10.7 11.41.5 3.8 4.4
142.6 18.7 14.40.0 2.3 2.00.0 0.4 0.00.0 0.6 0.7
.. 0.4 0.4–87.5 –10.0 –2.2
Population (thousands) 496 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 8.6
Equatorial Guinea
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 4.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 101 GDP ($ billions) 1.1
Eritrea
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
78 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 42 GDP ($ billions) 16.4
Country data
High-income group
11,400 36,60869.1 77.6–1.2 1.1–1.0 0.7
20 360.7 11.0
4,867 1,18870 325
53.9 29.5–0.4 –0.121.1 13.0334
141,630
00.0
4.3 6.03,786 5,498
12.1 3.25,567 9,76098.9 62.5
0.2 11.5
0.9 0.414.0 13.2
–33.2 22.414 27
367 467
9,435 9,579
1.2 10.25 42
100 9999 98
100 10097 10096 ..97 100
..
..7 7
25.7 19.912.9 13.0
5.1 4.737.6 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.01.1 0.30.0 0.3
–20.9 9.3
Estonia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 77 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,000 GDP ($ billions) 13.3
Ethiopia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
80 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
.. 36,60839.0 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
2 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
985 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.1
.. 13.0268
..236
..0.4
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.413.7 13.2
7.1 22.415 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Population (thousands) 48 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.4 GDP ($ billions) ..
Faeroe Islands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 833 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 GDP ($ billions) 3.1
Fiji
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
82 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 5.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 305 GDP ($ billions) 210.7
41,360 36,60861.2 77.60.3 1.10.3 0.7
7 362.9 11.0
1,344 1,18891 325
73.9 29.5–0.1 –0.19.7 13.0
50119
1,1021
0.2
4.6 6.06,664 5,498
19.6 3.216,120 9,760
33.2 62.519.5 11.5
0.4 0.412.6 13.228.4 22.4
18 27460 467
20,396 9,579
2.3 10.23 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..4 7
26.5 19.915.8 13.0
6.0 4.70.0 1.50.2 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.1 0.3
16.3 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Finland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 61 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 550 GDP ($ billions) 2,248.1
France
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
84 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
.. 36,60851.7 77.61.3 1.11.8 0.7
12 364.0 11.0
2,507 1,1884,116 325
28.7 29.50.0 –0.10.3 13.013777
95947
5.6
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.42.7 13.29.6 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
39,119 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99100 98100 100
98 10097 ..99 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.913.0 13.0
.. 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.2
.. 0.00.1 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Population (thousands) 259 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 3.7 GDP ($ billions) ..
French Polynesia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 258 GDP ($ billions) 9.5
Gabon
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 1.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 GDP ($ millions) 511
Gambia, The
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
87The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 4.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 69 GDP ($ billions) 7.7
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
88 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 82 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 349 GDP ($ billions) 2,896.9
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 23 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 228 GDP ($ billions) 12.9
Ghana
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
90 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 11 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 129 GDP ($ billions) 308.4
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
91The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,60883.2 77.6
0.4 1.10.1 0.7
1 36.. 11.0.. 1,188.. 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.10.0 13.0
16614
5291
1.4
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.410.0 13.23.3 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 57 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 410 GDP ($ billions) ..
Greenland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
92 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 108 Land area (sq. km) 340 GDP ($ millions) 525
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
93The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,60894.1 77.61.8 1.11.5 0.7
37 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
506 325
48.1 29.50.0 –0.12.4 13.07128
3304
0.6
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.425.0 13.2
.. 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99100 98100 10099 10098 ..99 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 171 Land area (sq. km) 540 GDP ($ billions) ..
Guam
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 13 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 108 GDP ($ billions) 35.3
Guatemala
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
95The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 9.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 246 GDP ($ billions) 3.3
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
96 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 1.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ millions) 304
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 739 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 197 GDP ($ millions) 896
Guyana
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 9.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 5.0
Haiti
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
99The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 7.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 112 GDP ($ billions) 9.2
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
100 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 6.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.0 GDP ($ billions) 189.8
Country data
High-income group
29,040 36,608100.0 77.6
1.2 1.11.2 0.7
.. 36
.. 11.0
.. 1,188
.. 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.124.7 13.0363
37..6..
13.5 6.02,653 5,498
0.3 3.25,878 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.2 0.45.5 13.2
42.8 22.4.. 27
53 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
31.9 19.913.9 13.0
3.4 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.3
.. 0.321.3 9.3
Hong Kong, China
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 90 GDP ($ billions) 112.9
Hungary
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
102 2008 The Little Green Data Book
49,960 36,60892.9 77.6
1.2 1.11.1 0.7
23 36.. 11.0
25,249 1,188305 325
0.5 29.5–4.1 –0.14.7 13.0
33817
3770
1.0
2.9 6.012,219 5,498
0.1 3.227,987 9,760
0.1 62.580.8 11.5
0.2 0.47.6 13.2
10.3 22.417 27
632 467
572,873 9,579
0.1 10.26 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..3 7
7.0 19.912.5 13.0
7.4 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.30.0 0.31.8 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 302 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 100 GDP ($ billions) 16.3
Iceland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
103The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 1,110 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,973 GDP ($ billions) 911.8
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 223 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,812 GDP ($ billions) 364.8
Indonesia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
105The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 70 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,629 GDP ($ billions) 217.9
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
106 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) .. Land area (1,000 sq. km) 437 GDP ($ billions) 12.6
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
.. 2,507 2,038
.. 57.5 47.3
.. 2.6 3.0
.. 2.0 1.1
23 22 4258.6 33.8 26.3
.. 1,050 2,057
.. 672 531
1.9 2.4 26.5–0.1 –0.4 0.10.0 3.4 12.8
49840
..0
1.7
.. 4.7 3.6
.. 1,270 1,2160.1 1.1 12.8
.. 1,358 1,50298.5 92.5 78.6
1.5 7.4 16.8
.. 0.7 0.8
.. 3.9 3.4
.. 101.1 71.1126 77 69
.. 34 21
.. 757 5,769
121.3 105.0 7.392 89 75
.. 89 81
.. 81 71
.. 96 93
.. 76 55
.. 58 39
.. 92 76
..
..46 42 36
.. .. 41.4
.. 10.9 10.4
.. 4.6 2.5
.. 40.0 11.1
.. 0.3 1.1
.. 0.1 0.0
.. 1.1 1.2
.. 0.6 1.1
.. .. 18.9
Iraq
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 4.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 69 GDP ($ billions) 220.1
Ireland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
108 2008 The Little Green Data Book
40,600 36,60851.9 77.61.0 1.11.0 0.7
46 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
489 325
5.3 29.50.0 –0.1
.. 13.0
..
..
..
..0.0
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4
.. 13.2
.. 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.913.5 13.0
.. 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 77 Land area (sq. km) 570 GDP ($ billions) 2.9
Isle of Man
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
109The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 7.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 22 GDP ($ billions) 140.5
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
110 2008 The Little Green Data Book
31,990 36,60867.8 77.60.3 1.10.2 0.7
50 3625.8 11.0
1,569 1,188245 325
33.9 29.5–1.2 –0.111.0 13.0610119
5,59919
4.4
8.8 6.03,160 5,498
2.3 3.25,669 9,76083.5 62.511.4 11.5
0.3 0.47.7 13.2
15.4 22.428 27
595 467
3,114 9,579
24.3 10.245 42
.. 99
.. 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..4 7
19.3 19.913.4 13.0
4.5 4.70.3 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.2 0.39.7 9.3
Population (millions) 59 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 294 GDP ($ billions) 1,851.0
Country data
High-income group
Italy
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 2.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 11 GDP ($ billions) 10.0
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Jamaica
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
112 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 128 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 365 GDP ($ billions) 4,368.4
Country data
High-income group
38,630 36,60866.0 77.6
0.5 1.10.2 0.7
13 3636.3 11.0
3,908 1,1881,002 325
68.2 29.50.0 –0.1
14.3 13.0763190
5,56512
41.4
7.3 6.04,152 5,498
1.2 3.28,233 9,760
58.9 62.57.1 11.5
0.3 0.49.8 13.2
17.4 22.431 27
441 467
3,365 9,579
20.6 10.262 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..4 7
27.3 19.913.9 13.0
3.1 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.5 0.3
15.8 9.3
Japan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 5.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 88 GDP ($ billions) 14.1
Jordan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 15 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,700 GDP ($ billions) 81.0
Kazakhstan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
115The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 37 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 569 GDP ($ billions) 22.8
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 100 Land area (sq. km) 810 GDP ($ millions) 71
Kiribati
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
117The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 24 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 120 GDP ($ billions) ..
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
118 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 48 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 99 GDP ($ billions) 888.0
Country data
High-income group
17,690 36,60881.0 77.61.3 1.10.8 0.7
19 3647.6 11.0
4,448 1,188571 325
63.5 29.50.1 –0.13.6 13.051254
2,8980
1.8
4.8 6.04,426 5,498
1.0 3.27,779 9,76060.6 62.5
0.9 11.5
0.5 0.49.7 13.2
93.0 22.437 27
230 467
1,344 9,579
28.6 10.248 4292 9971 9897 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..5 7
30.5 19.913.3 13.0
4.0 4.70.1 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.4 0.30.6 0.3
20.0 9.3
Korea, Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
119The Little Green Data Book 2008
30,630 36,60898.3 77.6
1.3 1.11.3 0.7
9 3672.2 11.0
31,893 1,188287 325
0.3 29.5–4.7 –0.10.0 13.0
38123
234..
0.1
3.9 6.011,100 5,498
0.0 3.215,345 9,760
100.0 62.50.0 11.5
1.0 0.440.4 13.2
128.8 22.4101 27349 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.252 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..11 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.04.2 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.20.0 0.0
.. 0.31.4 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 2.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 GDP ($ billions) 80.8
Kuwait
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
120 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 5.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 192 GDP ($ billions) 2.8
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 5.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 231 GDP ($ billions) 3.4
Lao PDR
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
122 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 62 GDP ($ billions) 20.1
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 4.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 GDP ($ billions) 22.7
Lebanon
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 2.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 30 GDP ($ billions) 1.5
Lesotho
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
125The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 3.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 96 GDP ($ billions) 631
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
126 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 6.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,760 GDP ($ billions) 50.3
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
127The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,60814.6 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
44 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
742 325
43.8 29.5–1.0 –0.138.8 13.0297
61,410
00.0
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4
.. 13.2
.. 22.434 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..3 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 35 Land area (sq. km) 160 GDP ($ billions) ..
Liechtenstein
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
128 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 3.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 63 GDP ($ billions) 29.8
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
129The Little Green Data Book 2008
71,240 36,60882.7 77.61.3 1.11.2 0.7
50 36.. 11.0
4,907 1,188131 325
33.6 29.5–0.1 –0.117.0 13.0350
71,246
00.0
6.7 6.010,457 5,498
1.3 3.215,971 9,760
92.7 62.53.0 11.5
0.4 0.424.9 13.213.9 22.4
15 27647 467
2,190 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99100 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..4 7
34.7 19.919.4 13.0
3.7 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.0 0.3
24.6 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 462 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2.6 GDP ($ billions) 41.5
Luxembourg
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
130 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 478 Land area (sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
High-income group
.. 36,608100.0 77.6
1.6 1.11.6 0.7
.. 36
.. 11.0
.. 1,188
.. 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.1
.. 13.060
..
..
..
..
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
0.1 0.44.7 13.2
115.0 22.4.. 27
134 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.912.4 13.0
.. 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.2
.. 0.00.2 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Macao, China
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 2.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 25 GDP ($ billions) 6.2
Macedonia, FYR
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
132 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 19 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 582 GDP ($ billions) 5.5
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 14 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 94 GDP ($ billions) 3.2
Malawi
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
134 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 26 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 329 GDP ($ billions) 150.7
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 300 Land area (sq. km) 300 GDP ($ millions) 927
Maldives
Green08 0424.indd 135 4/24/08 1:50:47 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
136 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 12 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,220 GDP ($ billions) 5.9
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
137The Little Green Data Book 2008
15,310 36,60895.5 77.6
1.1 1.10.8 0.7
31 3618.2 11.0773 1,188211 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.115.6 13.039120
9143
0.1
8.7 6.02,352 5,498
0.0 3.24,917 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.3 0.46.1 13.29.9 22.4
.. 27523 467
248 9,579
50.5 10.220 42
100 99100 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..100 100
..
..6 7
.. 19.913.4 13.04.3 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.2
.. 0.00.3 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 406 Land area (sq. km) 320 GDP ($ billions) 6.4
Malta
Green08 0424.indd 137 4/24/08 1:50:47 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 65 Land area (sq. km) 180 GDP ($ millions) 155
Marshall Islands
Green08 0424.indd 138 4/24/08 1:50:47 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
139The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 3.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,031 GDP ($ billions) 2.7
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
140 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2.0 GDP ($ billions) 6.3
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
141The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
.. 829 5,913
.. 35.8 75.0
.. 4.1 1.4
.. 2.6 0.9
53 44 30.. 3.5 9.0.. .. 672.. 351 112
13.4 26.5 38.81.2 0.7 0.2
.. 11.3 10.9
..
..
..
..0.3
.. 2.7 4.6
.. 681 2,248
.. 56.3 6.5
.. 542 3,131
.. 76.1 61.9
.. 20.1 27.8
.. 0.6 0.6
.. 0.9 5.6
.. 46.3 –7.7
.. 60 33
.. .. 140
.. 5,093 17,199
.. 3.1 4.0
.. 87 54
.. 56 93
.. 42 78
.. 80 98
.. 37 81
.. 28 60
.. 53 89
..
..
.. 157 26
.. 19.4 22.3
.. 10.7 11.4
.. 3.8 4.4
.. 18.7 14.4
.. 2.3 2.0
.. 0.4 0.0
.. 0.6 0.7
.. 0.4 0.4
.. –10.0 –2.2
Population (thousands) 187 Land area (sq. km) 374 GDP ($ billions) ..
Mayotte
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
142 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 104 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,944 GDP ($ billions) 839.2
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 111 Land area (sq. km) 700 GDP ($ millions) 245
Micronesia, Fed. Sts.
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
144 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 3.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 33 GDP ($ billions) 3.4
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
145The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,608100.0 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
.. 36
.. 11.0
.. 1,188
.. 325
0.0 29.5.. –0.1
51.3 13.0169..0..
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4
.. 13.2
.. 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99
.. 98100 100100 100
.. ..100 100
..
..4 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Population (thousands) 33 Land area (sq. km) 2.0 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
High-income group
Monaco
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
146 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,567 GDP ($ billions) 3.1
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
147The Little Green Data Book 2008
4,130 4,815 5,913.. 63.8 75.0.. 0.2 1.4
0.1 0.1 0.9
.. 28 30
.. 10.9 9.0
.. 400 672
.. 129 112
.. 38.3 38.8
.. –0.0 0.2
.. 7.0 10.9
..
..
..
..
..
.. 3.3 4.6
.. 2,826 2,248
.. 2.2 6.5
.. 3,633 3,131
.. 66.1 61.9
.. 17.5 27.8
.. 0.8 0.6
.. 7.1 5.6
.. –30.2 –7.7
.. 29 33
.. 152 140
.. 11,473 17,199
.. 7.5 4.0
.. 59 54
.. 92 93
.. 80 78
.. 99 98
.. 85 81
.. 70 60
.. 93 89
..
..10 26 26
.. 22.6 22.3
.. 10.3 11.4
.. 4.1 4.4
.. 18.4 14.4
.. 1.1 2.0
.. 0.0 0.0
.. 1.1 0.7
.. 0.5 0.4
.. –4.9 –2.2
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 601 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 14 GDP ($ billions) 2.5
Montenegro
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
148 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 30 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 446 GDP ($ billions) 65.4
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 21 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 786 GDP ($ billions) 6.8
Mozambique
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
150 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 48 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 658 GDP ($ billions) ..
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 2.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 823 GDP ($ billions) 6.6
Namibia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
152 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 28 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 143 GDP ($ billions) 8.9
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 16 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 34 GDP ($ billions) 662.3
Netherlands
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
154 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 189 Land area (sq. km) 800 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
High-income group
.. 36,60870.7 77.60.2 1.1
–0.1 0.7
10 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
690 325
1.3 29.50.0 –0.1
.. 13.0300
26..2
0.2
.. 6.08,890 5,498
0.0 3.25,172 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
.. 0.422.2 13.2
239.9 22.430 27
360 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Netherlands Antilles
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
155The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,60864.1 77.6
2.6 1.12.2 0.7
14 36100.0 11.03,207 1,1881,419 325
39.2 29.50.0 –0.17.4 13.0
17851
3,2502198.9
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.411.2 13.259.8 22.4
66 27.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.912.8 13.0
.. 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.4 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 238 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 GDP ($ billions) ..
New Caledonia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
156 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 4.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 268 GDP ($ billions) 104.5
26,750 36,60886.3 77.6
1.3 1.11.2 0.7
65 3611.4 11.0
7,026 1,18838 325
31.0 29.5–0.5 –0.124.2 13.0424124
2,38221
22.3
6.0 6.04,090 5,498
5.1 3.29,656 9,760
35.6 62.554.6 11.5
0.3 0.47.7 13.2
39.3 22.415 27
607 467
79,102 9,579
0.6 10.242 42
.. 99
.. 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..6 7
21.2 19.913.7 13.0
7.0 4.71.5 1.50.3 0.20.0 0.00.3 0.30.0 0.3
12.4 9.3
Country data
High-income group
New Zealand
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 5.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 121 GDP ($ billions) 5.3
Nicaragua
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
158 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 14 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,267 GDP ($ billions) 3.7
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 145 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 911 GDP ($ billions) 115.3
Nigeria
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 82 Land area (sq. km) 460 GDP ($ billions) ..
Northern Mariana Islands
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
161The Little Green Data Book 2008
68,440 36,60877.5 77.61.0 1.10.6 0.7
3 36.. 11.0
1,909 1,188121 325
30.8 29.5–0.2 –0.16.5 13.0525
321,715
21.6
6.8 6.06,948 5,498
4.1 3.225,137 9,760
0.4 62.598.9 11.5
0.4 0.419.1 13.2
163.7 22.420 27
439 467
82,625 9,579
0.6 10.211 42
100 99100 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..4 7
38.8 19.913.3 13.0
7.0 4.723.0 1.5
0.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.30.1 0.39.2 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 4.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 304 GDP ($ billions) 334.9
Norway
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
162 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 310 GDP ($ billions) 30.8
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 159 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 771 GDP ($ billions) 126.8
Pakistan
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 20 Land area (sq. km) 460 GDP ($ millions) 157
Palau
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
165The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 3.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 74 GDP ($ billions) 17.1
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
166 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 6.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 453 GDP ($ billions) 5.7
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 6.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 397 GDP ($ billions) 9.3
Paraguay
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
168 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 28 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,280 GDP ($ billions) 92.4
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 86 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 298 GDP ($ billions) 117.6
Philippines
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
170 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 38 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 306 GDP ($ billions) 338.7
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 11 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 92 GDP ($ billions) 194.7
Portugal
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
172 2008 The Little Green Data Book
10,950 36,60897.8 77.62.6 1.10.7 0.7
25 3615.7 11.0
.. 1,188132 325
46.0 29.5–0.1 –0.13.5 13.0
34847
2,493533.8
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.40.5 13.2
.. 22.421 27
.. 467
1,815 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 3.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8.9 GDP ($ billions) 67.9
Puerto Rico
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
173The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,60895.5 77.6
3.7 1.13.5 0.7
6 3661.9 11.0
4,083 1,188203 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.10.0 13.0
15913
355..
0.1
3.6 6.019,877 5,498
0.0 3.216,801 9,760
100.0 62.50.0 11.5
1.0 0.469.2 13.2
334.0 22.454 27
335 467
126 9,579
290.0 10.272 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..8.821 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 821 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 11 GDP ($ billions) 42.5
Qatar
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
174 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 22 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 230 GDP ($ billions) 121.6
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 143 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 16,381 GDP ($ billions) 986.9
Russian Federation
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
176 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 9.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 25 GDP ($ billions) 2.5
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 185 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2.8 GDP ($ millions) 424
Samoa
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
178 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 29 Land area (sq. km) 60 GDP ($ billions) 1.7
Country data
High-income group
45,130 36,60897.5 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
17 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
79 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.1
.. 13.090..0..
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4
.. 13.2
.. 22.410 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..3 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.2
.. 0.00.0 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
San Marino
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 155 Land area (sq. km) 960 GDP ($ millions) 123
São Tomé and Principe
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
180 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 24 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,000 GDP ($ billions) 349.1
Country data
High-income group
13,980 36,60881.2 77.6
2.7 1.12.3 0.7
.. 3642.7 11.0939 1,188126 325
1.4 29.50.0 –0.1
41.0 13.052745
2,0283
3.4
3.5 6.06,068 5,498
0.0 3.26,813 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.7 0.413.7 13.221.0 22.4120 27415 467
104 9,579
721.7 10.289 4296 9963 9897 10099 100
.. ..100 100
..
..25 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.07.2 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.20.0 0.0
.. 0.31.4 0.3
.. 9.3
Saudi Arabia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 12 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 193 GDP ($ billions) 9.2
Senegal
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
182 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 7.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 88 GDP ($ billions) 32.0
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
4,030 4,815 5,913.. 63.8 75.0.. 0.2 1.4
–0.1 0.1 0.9
.. 28 30
.. 10.9 9.0
.. 400 672
.. 129 112
.. 38.3 38.8
.. –0.0 0.2
.. 7.0 10.9
..
..
..
..
..
.. 3.3 4.6
.. 2,826 2,248
.. 2.2 6.5
.. 3,633 3,131
.. 66.1 61.9
.. 17.5 27.8
.. 0.8 0.6
.. 7.1 5.6
.. –30.2 –7.7
.. 29 33
.. 152 140
.. 11,473 17,199
.. 7.5 4.0
.. 59 54
.. 92 93
.. 80 78
.. 99 98
.. 85 81
.. 70 60
.. 93 89
..
..8 26 26
.. 22.6 22.3
.. 10.3 11.4
.. 4.1 4.4
.. 18.4 14.4
.. 1.1 2.0
.. 0.0 0.0
.. 1.1 0.7
.. 0.5 0.4
.. –4.9 –2.2
Serbia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 85 Land area (sq. km) 460 GDP ($ millions) 775
Seychelles
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
184 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 5.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 72 GDP ($ billions) 1.5
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
185The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
High-income group
28,730 36,608100.0 77.6
2.4 1.12.4 0.7
1 36.. 11.0.. 1,1880 325
2.9 29.50.0 –0.14.2 13.047344
2,282540.1
6.0 6.06,933 5,498
0.0 3.28,358 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.3 0.412.3 13.215.9 22.4
40 27101 467
138 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99
.. 98100 100100 100
.. ..100 100
..
..3 7
47.8 19.915.0 13.0
2.5 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.4 0.30.8 0.3
34.0 9.3
Population (millions) 4.5 Land area (sq. km) 689 GDP ($ billions) 132.2
Singapore
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
186 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 5.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 48 GDP ($ billions) 55.0
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
187The Little Green Data Book 2008
18,660 36,60851.2 77.6
0.1 1.10.0 0.7
25 361.0 11.0
3,716 1,188557 325
62.8 29.5–0.4 –0.114.5 13.0437
803,200
..0.2
6.2 6.03,657 5,498
6.7 3.26,918 9,760
37.4 62.522.9 11.5
0.4 0.48.1 13.2
–10.1 22.431 27
471 467
9,348 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..4 7
26.3 19.913.5 13.0
5.6 4.75.1 1.50.0 0.20.2 0.00.3 0.30.2 0.3
12.5 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 2.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20 GDP ($ billions) 37.3
Slovenia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 484 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ millions) 336
Solomon Islands
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
189The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 8.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 627 GDP ($ billions) ..
.. 829 64935.7 35.8 30.4
2.6 4.1 3.11.4 2.6 2.0
71 44 4515.7 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..393 351 544
11.4 26.5 23.91.0 0.7 0.60.3 11.3 9.982455
3,02817
6.7
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
.. 0.6 0.5
.. 0.9 0.9
.. 46.3 55.732 60 74
.. .. 8
732 5,093 3,077
54.8 3.1 18.9100 87 89
29 56 7527 42 6932 80 8826 37 3814 28 2848 53 60
..23.4145 157 112
.. 19.4 30.5
.. 10.7 9.0
.. 3.8 3.4
.. 18.7 9.4
.. 2.3 1.3
.. 0.4 0.6
.. 0.6 1.0
.. 0.4 0.7
.. –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Somalia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
190 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 47 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,214 GDP ($ billions) 255.2
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 44 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 499 GDP ($ billions) 1,224.7
Spain
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
192 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 20 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 65 GDP ($ billions) 27.0
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
193The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (thousands) 48 Land area (sq. km) 260 GDP ($ millions) 477
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 166 Land area (sq. km) 610 GDP ($ millions) 899
St. Lucia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
195The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (thousands) 120 Land area (sq. km) 390 GDP ($ millions) 423
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 38 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,376 GDP ($ billions) 37.4
Sudan
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
197The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (thousands) 455 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 156 GDP ($ billions) 2.1
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
198 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 1.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 17 GDP ($ billions) 2.6
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
199The Little Green Data Book 2008
43,530 36,60884.3 77.6
0.5 1.10.4 0.7
8 364.3 11.0
889 1,18853 325
67.1 29.5–0.0 –0.110.9 13.0542
301,750
30.3
5.5 6.05,782 5,498
17.2 3.215,440 9,760
2.5 62.546.0 11.5
0.2 0.45.9 13.27.2 22.412 27
460 467
18,949 9,579
1.7 10.29 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..3 7
24.8 19.912.1 13.0
7.3 4.70.0 1.50.5 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.30.0 0.3
19.4 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 9.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 410 GDP ($ billions) 383.8
Sweden
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
200 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 7.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 40 GDP ($ billions) 380.4
Country data
High-income group
58,050 36,60875.6 77.61.3 1.10.7 0.7
38 365.8 11.0
2,230 1,188450 325
30.5 29.5–0.4 –0.129.6 13.047544
3,0303
0.2
9.6 6.03,651 5,498
7.1 3.28,305 9,760
1.8 62.554.1 11.5
0.2 0.45.5 13.2
–5.3 22.425 27
520 467
5,432 9,579
6.4 10.22 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..5 7
.. 19.913.5 13.0
5.1 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.30.2 0.3
.. 9.3
Switzerland
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 19 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 184 GDP ($ billions) 33.4
Syrian Arab Republic
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 6.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 140 GDP ($ billions) 2.8
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Low-income group
Tajikistan
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
203The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 39 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 886 GDP ($ billions) 12.8
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 63 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 511 GDP ($ billions) 206.3
Thailand
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
205The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 1.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 15 GDP ($ millions) 356
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
206 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 6.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 54 GDP ($ billions) 2.2
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (thousands) 100 Land area (sq. km) 720 GDP ($ millions) 223
Tonga
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
208 2008 The Little Green Data Book
12,500 36,60812.5 77.6
2.9 1.10.5 0.7
26 363.3 11.0
8,913 1,1881,550 325
44.1 29.50.3 –0.14.7 13.0
55138
2,2591
2.4
1.6 6.09,599 5,498
0.2 3.25,038 9,760
99.7 62.50.0 11.5
1.7 0.424.7 13.292.4 22.4107 27
.. 467
2,871 9,579
8.2 10.26 42
91 9988 9892 100
100 100100 ..100 100
..
..38 7
.. 19.912.1 13.04.0 4.7
71.7 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.01.6 0.30.2 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 5.1 GDP ($ billions) 18.1
Trinidad and Tobago
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
209The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 155 GDP ($ billions) 30.3
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
210 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 73 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 770 GDP ($ billions) 402.7
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 4.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 470 GDP ($ billions) 10.5
Turkmenistan
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 30 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 197 GDP ($ billions) 9.4
Uganda
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
213The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 47 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 579 GDP ($ billions) 106.5
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
214 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 4.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 84 GDP ($ billions) 129.7
26,210 36,60876.7 77.65.3 1.15.5 0.7
7 3629.9 11.0
2,322 1,1881,494 325
3.7 29.5–1.6 –0.10.2 13.0
29827
..
..0.2
2.9 6.011,436 5,498
0.0 3.213,708 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
1.2 0.437.8 13.2
172.7 22.4135 27228 467
49 9,579
1,150.0 10.268 42
100 99100 98100 100
98 10095 ..98 100
..
..8 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
United Arab Emirates
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 61 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 242 GDP ($ billions) 2,377.0
United Kingdom
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
216 2008 The Little Green Data Book
44,710 36,60881.1 77.61.6 1.11.1 0.7
45 3612.5 11.0
1,105 1,18833 325
33.1 29.5–0.1 –0.116.3 13.0
1,356937
19,473242
90.3
5.3 6.07,893 5,498
3.2 3.213,648 9,760
72.1 62.56.4 11.5
0.5 0.420.6 13.225.5 22.4
22 27461 467
9,443 9,579
17.1 10.241 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..8 7
14.1 19.912.2 13.0
4.8 4.71.8 1.50.1 0.20.0 0.00.3 0.30.3 0.34.1 9.3
Population (millions) 299 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,162 GDP ($ billions) 13,163.9
Country data
High-income group
United States
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 3.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 175 GDP ($ billions) 19.3
Uruguay
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 27 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 425 GDP ($ billions) 17.2
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Low-income group
Uzbekistan
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
219The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (thousands) 221 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 12 GDP ($ billions) 388
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 27 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 882 GDP ($ billions) 181.9
Venezuela, RB
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
221The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 84 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 310 GDP ($ billions) 61.0
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
222 2008 The Little Green Data Book
.. 36,60894.4 77.6
0.7 1.10.3 0.7
17 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
315 325
28.6 29.51.2 –0.10.3 13.0
23422
..11
0.3
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4124.3 13.260.2 22.4
39 27.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 109 Land area (sq. km) 350 GDP ($ billions) ..
Virgin Islands (U.S.)
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
223The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 3.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 6.0 GDP ($ billions) 4.1
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
Population (millions) 22 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 528 GDP ($ billions) 19.1
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Low-income group
Yemen, Rep.
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
225The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 12 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 743 GDP ($ billions) 10.7
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
226 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 13 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 387 GDP ($ billions) 3.4
Access to improved sanitation is the percentage of population with adequate access to excreta disposal facilities (private or shared, but not public) that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained. (World Health Organization; data are for 2004)
Access to improved water source is the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a piped water into a dwelling, plot, or yard; public tap or standpipe; tubewell or borehole; protected dug well or spring; or rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include an unprotected dug well or spring, cart with small tank or drum, bottled water, and tanker trucks. Reasonable access to an adequate amount means the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within 1 kilometer of the dwelling. (World Health Organization; data are for 2004)
Acute respiratory infection prevalence is the percentage of children under age five with acute respiratory infection in the two weeks prior to the survey. (United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for the most recent year available during 1998–2005)
Adjusted net savings equal gross savings minus consumption of fixed capi-tal, plus education expenditures, minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and particulate emission and carbon dioxide damage. (World Bank; data are for 2006)
Agricultural land is arable land, land under permanent crops, and perma-nent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2005)
Animal species, threatened, include the number of birds and mammal species classified by the World Conservation Union as endangered, vul-nerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and World Conservation Union; data are for 2004)
Animal species, total, refer to mammals (excluding whales and porpoises) and birds included within a country’s breeding or wintering ranges. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and World Conservation Union; data are for 2004)
Glossary
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228 2008 The Little Green Data Book
GlossaryCarbon dioxide (CO2) damage is estimated at $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emit-ted. (World Bank estimates; data are for 2006)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions growth is the cumulative percentage change in emissions stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. Emissions include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center; data are for 1990–2004)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per capita are carbon dioxide emissions divided by midyear population. (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, World Bank, and United Nations; data are for 2004)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per unit of GDP are carbon dioxide emissions in kilograms per unit of GDP in 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP that a U.S. dollar has in the United States. (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center and World Bank; data are for 2004)
Consumption of fixed capital is the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production. (United Nations; data are extrapolated to 2006 from the most recent year available)
Deforestation is the permanent conversion of natural forest area to other uses, including shifting cultivation, permanent agriculture, ranching, settle-ments, and infrastructure development. Deforested areas do not include areas logged but intended for regeneration or areas degraded by fuelwood gathering, acid precipitation, or forest fires. Negative numbers indicate an increase in forest areas. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 1990–2005)
Diarrhea prevalence is the percentage of children under age five who had diarrhea in the two weeks prior to the survey. (United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for the most recent year available during 1998–2005)
Education expenditure is public current operating expenditures in edu-cation, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. (United Nations; data are extrapolated to 2006 from the most recent year available)
Electricity generated using fossil fuel is use of coal, oil, and gas as a percentage of total inputs to the generation of electricity. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2005)
Electricity generated by hydropower is use of hydropower as a percent-age of total inputs to the generation of electricity. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2005)
Electric power consumption per capita is the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants, minus transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants plus imports
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229The Little Green Data Book 2008
minus exports divided by midyear population. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2005)
Energy depletion is the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of energy extracted. It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal. (The wide range of data sources and methods used to estimate resource depletion are described in World Bank 2006; data are for 2006)
Energy from biomass products and waste is energy from solid biomass, liquid biomass, biogas, industrial waste, and municipal waste as a percentage of total energy use. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2005)
Energy use per capita refers to apparent consumption, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2005)
Fertilizer consumption is the quantity of plant nutrients used per unit of arable land. Fertilizer products cover nitrogenous, potash, and phosphate fertilizers (including ground rock phosphate). The time reference for fertil-izer consumption is the crop year. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2005)
Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether produc-tive or not. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2005)
Freshwater withdrawal, agriculture, is withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production as a percentage of total freshwater withdrawal. (World Resources Institute; data are for various years; for details see World Development Indicators 2008, Primary data documentation)
Freshwater withdrawal, total, is total water withdrawal, excluding evapora-tion losses from storage basins and including water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of internal renewable resources because river flows from other countries are not included, because extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable, or because there is significant water reuse. (Food and Agriculture Organization and World Resources Institute; data are for various years; for details see World Development Indicators 2008, Primary data documentation.)
GDP is gross domestic product and measures the total output of goods and services for final use occurring within the domestic territory of a given country, regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. GDP at purchaser values (market prices) is the sum of gross value added by all resident and nonresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. (World Bank, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and United Nations; data are for 2006)
GDP per unit of energy use is 2005 gross domestic product (GDP) in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy
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230 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Glossaryuse. PPP GDP is GDP converted to international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP that a U.S. dollar has in the United States. (International Energy Agency and World Bank; data are for 2005)
GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative bio-diversity potential for each country developed by the Global Environment Facility, based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index shown in the tables has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential) (World Bank; estimates are for 2005)
GNI per capita is gross national income (GNI) divided by midyear population. GNI is gross domestic product plus net receipts of primary income (employee compensation and property income) from abroad. GNI per capita is in cur-rent U.S. dollars, converted using the World Bank Atlas method (see World Development Indicators 2008, Statistical methods). (World Bank, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and United Nations; data are for 2006)
Gross savings are the difference between gross national income and public and private consumption plus net current transfers. (World Bank, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and United Nations; data are for 2006)
Higher plant species, threatened, are the number of species classified by the World Conservation Union as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indetermi-nate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and World Conservation Union; data are for 2004)
Higher plant species, total known, are native vascular plant species. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and World Conservation Union; data are for 2004)
Internal freshwater resources per capita are internal renewable resources, which include flows of rivers and groundwater from rainfall in the country but excludes river flows from other countries, divided by midyear population. (Food and Agriculture Organization, World Resources Institute, and World Bank; estimates are for 2005)
Irrigated land is area purposely provided with water, including land irrigated by controlled flooding. Cropland refers to arable land and land used for per-manent crops. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2005)
Land area is a country’s total land area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2006)
Mineral depletion is the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of minerals extracted. It covers bauxite, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, gold, silver, and zinc. (The wide range of data sources and
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methods used to estimate resource depletion are described in World Bank 2006; data are for 2006)
Nationally protected area is totally or partially protected areas of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated as national parks, natural monuments, nature reserves or wildlife sanctuaries; protected landscapes and seascapes; and scientific reserves. It includes World Conservation Union–protected area categories I–VI. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre; data are for the most recent year available)
Net forest depletion is the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth. If growth exceeds harvest, this figure is zero. (Food and Agriculture Organization and World Bank estimates of natural growth; data are for 2006)
Particulate emission damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to reduce the risk of illness and death attributable to particulate emissions. (World Bank estimates; data are for 2005)
Particulate matter is fine suspended particulates of less than 10 microns in diameter that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing damage. The indicator is the population-weighted average of all cities in the country with a population greater than 100,000. (World Bank estimates; data are for 2005)
Passenger cars are road motor vehicles, other than two-wheelers, intended for the carriage of passengers and designed to seat no more than nine people including the driver. (International Road Federation; data are for 2005)
Population includes all residents who are present regardless of legal status or citizenship except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. (United Nations; data are midyear estimates for 2006)
Population density, rural, is rural population divided by arable land area. Rural population is estimated as the difference between the total population and urban population. (See urban population; data are for 2006)
Population growth is the exponential change in population for the period indicated. (United Nations; data are for 1990–2006)
Under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five if subject to current age-specific mortality rates. (United Nations and United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for 2005)
Urban population is the share of the midyear population living in areas defined as urban in each country (United Nations; data are for 2006)
Urban population growth is the exponential change in urban population for the period indicated. (United Nations; data are for 1990–2006)
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ReferencesBuys, Piet, Uwe Deichmann, Craig Meisner, Thao Ton That, and David
Wheeler. 2007. “Country Stakes in Climate Negotiations: Two Dimensions of Vulnerability.” Policy Research Working Paper 4300. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Cline, W. 2007. Global Warming and Agriculture: Impact Estimates by Country.
Washington, D.C.: Center for Global Development.
Dasgupta, Susmita, Benoit Laplante, Craig Meisner, David Wheeler, and David Jianping Yan. 2007. “The Impact of Sea Level Rise on Developing Countries: A Comparative Analysis.” Policy Research Working Paper 4136. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
IEA (International Energy Agency). 2007. World Energy Outlook 2007. Paris.
McMichael, A. J., D. Campbell-Lendrum, S. Kovats, S. Edwards, P. Wilkinson, T. Wilson, and others. 2004. “Global Climate Change.” In M. J. Ezzati and others, eds., Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Global and
Regional Burden of Disease Due to Selected Major Risk Factors. Geneva: World Health Organization.
World Bank. 2006. Where Is the Wealth of Nations? Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
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