From the Middle Ages to Renaissance. Medieval Towns Isolation Ruled by the RCC Feudalism Scholasticism.

From the From the Middle Ages Middle Ages

to to RenaissanceRenaissance

Medieval TownsMedieval Towns

IsolationIsolation Ruled by the RCCRuled by the RCC FeudalismFeudalism ScholasticismScholasticism

Medieval Towns ContMedieval Towns Cont

Why did Feudalism end?Why did Feudalism end?

Causes:Causes: Technological Technological

ChangesChanges Better FarmingBetter Farming More EnergyMore Energy Faster TravelFaster Travel

Bubonic PlagueBubonic Plague Distrust in the RCCDistrust in the RCC Wars/Famine/distrustWars/Famine/distrust

Effects:Effects: More Food=More peopleMore Food=More people Gradual Rise in prices Gradual Rise in prices

(price revolution)(price revolution) Rise of towns and tradeRise of towns and trade 1/3 of Europe died 1/3 of Europe died

resulting in labor scarcityresulting in labor scarcity Power vacuum that Power vacuum that

secular leaders secular leaders consolidated power and consolidated power and control over their control over their populationspopulations

Cinque TerreCinque Terre

How did the political organization of the Italian peninsula cause the southern Renaissance?

Renaissance ThemesRenaissance Themes Rebirth of the Classical Rebirth of the Classical

GreekGreek RomanRoman

HumanismHumanism Literary Movement Literary Movement Focus on present life, not afterlifeFocus on present life, not afterlife

SecularismSecularism Religion moves out of the public sphereReligion moves out of the public sphere

IndividualismIndividualism VirtuVirtu

Where did they get the classics?Where did they get the classics?

Rebirth of the Classics, Rebirth of the Classics, Raphael’s School of AthensRaphael’s School of Athens

Why not rediscover the classics when Why not rediscover the classics when you live on top of them?you live on top of them?

Importance of Importance of PerspectivePerspective

Renaissance vs Middle Renaissance vs Middle AgesAges

Middle Ages vs Middle Ages vs Renaissance AgainRenaissance Again

Giotto the transition manGiotto the transition man

Fresco of the Fresco of the LamentationLamentation

Mood and Mood and shapeshape

Done in 1305 Done in 1305

Giotto’s EmotionsGiotto’s Emotions

Life as an ArtistLife as an Artist

Who funded the Who funded the Arts?Arts?

How did life as an How did life as an artist change from artist change from the Middle Ages to the Middle Ages to the Renaissance?the Renaissance?

Leonardo DaVinciLeonardo DaVinci

Individualism?Individualism?

Michelangelo'sMichelangelo's Sistine Chapel Sistine Chapel

His Sistine ChapelHis Sistine Chapel

Sistine ChapelSistine Chapel

Raphael , 1505Raphael , 1505St. George and the St. George and the DragonDragon

Raphael Pope Leo X, Raphael Pope Leo X, 15181518

Besides the ArtistsBesides the Artists

WritersWriters Dante, Petrach, Boccacio, Cellini, Castiglione, Dante, Petrach, Boccacio, Cellini, Castiglione,

Machiavelli, Thomas Moore, Erasmus, Copernicus Machiavelli, Thomas Moore, Erasmus, Copernicus (scientist)(scientist)

Important FamiliesImportant Families Medici: Giovanni 1360-1429, Cosimo 1389-1464, Medici: Giovanni 1360-1429, Cosimo 1389-1464,

Lorenzo the Magnificent 1449-1492Lorenzo the Magnificent 1449-1492 Borgia: Pope VI Alexander, CesareBorgia: Pope VI Alexander, Cesare Sforza ruled MilanSforza ruled Milan

Some Tombs in Santa Croce FlorenceSome Tombs in Santa Croce Florence

Dante Galileo

Machiavelli

Michelangelo

Medici Family SymbolsMedici Family Symbols

After the Renaissance what After the Renaissance what happens to the happens to the

Italian city states?Italian city states?

Until they win theUntil they win the World Cup! World Cup!

Generic Ideas About the RenaissanceGeneric Ideas About the Renaissance

It is located primarily in cities because that's where the contact with other It is located primarily in cities because that's where the contact with other cultures happens first. In the south they have more money, because of more cultures happens first. In the south they have more money, because of more trade with the Arabs and the Byzantines, so they have more to spend on art. trade with the Arabs and the Byzantines, so they have more to spend on art. In the north they focus more on learning and science and technology. That's In the north they focus more on learning and science and technology. That's one reason why the Reformation starts there - that and its distance from one reason why the Reformation starts there - that and its distance from Rome where the Popes are and all the money raised for the Church goes. Rome where the Popes are and all the money raised for the Church goes. The north is far behind the south in the establishment of institutions of higher The north is far behind the south in the establishment of institutions of higher learning so between 1386 and 1506 fourteen new universities are founded in learning so between 1386 and 1506 fourteen new universities are founded in Germany. It is probably cheaper to start a university than it is to paint the Germany. It is probably cheaper to start a university than it is to paint the Sistine Chapel.Sistine Chapel.

There is a lot more secular content in art but the Renaissance DOES NOT There is a lot more secular content in art but the Renaissance DOES NOT abandon interest in religion, since the biggest patron of the arts continues to abandon interest in religion, since the biggest patron of the arts continues to be the church. Secular influence in painting is shown in patron's portraits be the church. Secular influence in painting is shown in patron's portraits being used as the faced for holy subjects. Also rich patrons, often bankers being used as the faced for holy subjects. Also rich patrons, often bankers and merchants as well as political powers and nobility, use their money to and merchants as well as political powers and nobility, use their money to decorate their own homes and public spaces.decorate their own homes and public spaces.

Intellectually there is a focus on this world rather than the afterlife, and on Intellectually there is a focus on this world rather than the afterlife, and on description rather than prescription. A big breakthrough is the use of the description rather than prescription. A big breakthrough is the use of the vernacular in literature. For the first time authors and artists are making vernacular in literature. For the first time authors and artists are making money writing and painting: it is the birth of an array of new professions that money writing and painting: it is the birth of an array of new professions that cater to wealthy patrons. Writing addresses new subjects - especially human cater to wealthy patrons. Writing addresses new subjects - especially human experience, manners, politics and so on, these new subjects were called "the experience, manners, politics and so on, these new subjects were called "the humane letters," from whence the term "humanism" is derived.humane letters," from whence the term "humanism" is derived.

Generic Ideas About the RenaissanceGeneric Ideas About the Renaissance

But where's the "rebirth?" In Italy it is the re-discovery of the ancient But where's the "rebirth?" In Italy it is the re-discovery of the ancient Greek and Latin - pagan - texts that had been preserved in the Arab world Greek and Latin - pagan - texts that had been preserved in the Arab world during the European Dark and Middle Ages. In northern Europe they are during the European Dark and Middle Ages. In northern Europe they are equally excited about the re-discovery of the texts of the ancient church equally excited about the re-discovery of the texts of the ancient church fathers, another factor leading to the locus of the Reformation being north.fathers, another factor leading to the locus of the Reformation being north.

The Germans used this new knowledge and the Renaissance spirit of the The Germans used this new knowledge and the Renaissance spirit of the

individual and took it in a religious direction, to mysticism. Mysticism holds individual and took it in a religious direction, to mysticism. Mysticism holds that the individual soul can commune with God all by itself without the that the individual soul can commune with God all by itself without the church, without other people, without sacraments. These mystics did not church, without other people, without sacraments. These mystics did not rebel against the church, but they did not think they really needed it to rebel against the church, but they did not think they really needed it to attain salvation. attain salvation.

Another idea that is reborn is the notion of patriotism towards one's city, Another idea that is reborn is the notion of patriotism towards one's city, also an idea that was born in the classical past. There develops a new also an idea that was born in the classical past. There develops a new idea for the ideal Renaissance man. He has "virtu" the "quality of being a idea for the ideal Renaissance man. He has "virtu" the "quality of being a man." He is active, skillful, multi-faceted in his knowledge and experience. man." He is active, skillful, multi-faceted in his knowledge and experience. This idea rejects the medieval values of contemplation and renunciation.This idea rejects the medieval values of contemplation and renunciation.

It is important to remember that the Renaissance was NOT a rebirth in It is important to remember that the Renaissance was NOT a rebirth in law, government or economic production. All of Europe's most basic law, government or economic production. All of Europe's most basic institutions had originated in the Middle Ages.institutions had originated in the Middle Ages.

Play Play

Divine ProportionDivine Proportion Cleaning/Restoring PCleaning/Restoring P

aintingsaintings Math World FormulasMath World Formulas

for the Golden Ratio for the Golden Ratio Interactive Leonardo Interactive Leonardo

DaVinciDaVinci Sistine Chapel PhotoSistine Chapel Photo

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