. . . . . . . . OX&J 1 : ~q& b;, G r d -an Like other affixes, the -an suffix has several functions, the main one I: kpbcx+ being to form a noun. Its other functions are to form adjectives and I I adverbs. Forming a noun - Nouns with -an can be derived from verbs or adiectives. bantuan help, assistance, aid bundar round bundaran mundabn~or gantung karang keluh kenal kotor main makan masuk minum to hang to compose an essay t o complain, sigh to know a person dirty to play to eat to go in, enter to drink gantungan karangan keluhan kenalan kotoran mainan makanan masukan minuman hanger essay complaint acquaintance din, excrement toy food input drink - .... parkir to park parkiran parking lot Modifying another noun - - ~~-. Words with the -an suffix can also be used in a noun phrase to modify another noun. : CUri . to steal barang curian stolen goods pinjam to borrow uang pinjaman borrowed money (debt) sewa to rent, hire rumah sewaan rented house
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. . . . . . . . OX&J
1 : ~ q & b;, G r d -an Like other affixes, the -an suffix has several functions, the main one
I: kpbcx+ being to form a noun. Its other functions are to form adjectives and I I adverbs.
Forming a noun -
Nouns with -an can be derived from verbs or adiectives.
bantuan help, assistance, aid bundar round bundaran mundabn~or gantung
karang
keluh
kenal
kotor
main
makan
masuk
m i n u m
to hang
to compose an essay
to complain, sigh
to know a person dirty
to play
to eat
to go in, enter
to drink
gantungan
karangan
keluhan
kenalan
kotoran
mainan
makanan
masukan
minuman
hanger
essay
complaint
acquaintance
din, excrement
toy food
input drink - ....
park i r to park parkiran parking lot
Modifying another noun - - ~ ~ - .
Words with the -an suffix can also be used in a noun phrase to modify another noun. :
C U r i .
to steal barang curian stolen goods pinjam to borrow uang pinjaman borrowed money (debt)
sewa to rent, hire r u m a h sewaan rented house
Reduplicated nouns
......................................................................... TO INDICATE VARIETY
buah-buahan variety of fruit
bunga-bungaan
daun-daunan
obat-obatan
variety of flowers
variety of leaves
medication (variety of medicine)
sayu~sayuran variety of vegetables
tumbuh-tumbuhan variery of plants,flora
.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TO RESEMBLE W H A T I S INDICATED BY THE BASE WORD In this group are words that can be nouns or verbs. The nouns usuallv refer to toy things, while the verbs refer to playing or pretending to do something.
kuda-kudaan rocking-horse
fdh\(4PJ' mobil-mobilan toy car h e j orang-orangan toy person (for example, scarecrow)
rurnah-rumahan toy house
f l - (main) koboi-koboian to play cowboys , masak-masakan to pretend to cook
S4lt , sG&44w sembunyi-sembunyian to play hide-and-seek
$ %e m c 9,~ 4k4" \ Lwpp-..1 & l lT la lW I \PI*: KA-
,? 'P Q ~ W C Below are some base words and their meaning in English. F o r m a noun from each by adding the suffix -an. Guess the meaning in English of
1 ' each -an noun, then check your dictionary to see if your guess is correc
UN ENGLISH MEANIb
- ~. - ---- .- ---- ... 5 tonton to watch ~ ~ t e ~ k i , . ~ ~ ) - [k h d a ) ( h k 1(U.): c 6 iud to seu k tl;, 5r SULI '
- . ~
. .
7 peluk to embrace . ~
8 tanam to nlant. snw . ,. .<. .,
~ - ~ ~ p .. r----, -- - - cicil to pay in instalments tabrak to collide R4iib.t ~ ..
+ t Translate these noun phrases into English. You may need to consult your dictionary for this exercise.
1 Barang dagangan 2 Uang cicilan m w y PV*"' 3 Uang simpanan S a u i e (j&i ~iw . f i k+nn) 4 Anak jalanan 5 Mobil sewaan re,,+-1 6 Baju pinjaman k 0 y . d s ~ W 7 Jam tangan curian 5bt.r~ whbh 8 Warna celupan color bye 9 Manajer bohongan nr*rr%er l i e pa*$r- h 9 e r ~ A l ) h ~ e \ ~ f '
10 Pekerjaan borongan % -ten '-3
4 lot ep-rk 'B Ly ;N
&& l A T l H A W 3 Translate these noun phrases into Indonesian.
-an with numbers
1 Toy fish 2 Toy train 3 Toy calculator 4 Toy telephone 5 Toy computer
Adjectives with the suffix -an are derived from either another adjective or a noun.
kampung village kampungan country bumpkin (negative connotation)
V r a h cheap murahan trashy, low quality
When -an is attached to some numbers, it means 'in the multiplication of.
ksu men men men N 8 1
uan usal
ratus hundred ratusan hundreds of ribuan thousand r ibuan thousands of
iuta million jutaan millions of miliar billion miliaran billions of
pdlu4 i!lw&wnLh- l,,c:*lafl,
When -an is attached to some fractional numbers, however, the mean is quite different.
seperempat one-quarter perempatan intersection
sepertiga one-third pertigaan T-intersection
setengah half pertengahan middle
Forming an adverb
Adverbs with the suffix -an are usually reduplicated.
besar large besarbesaran on a large scale
habis all gone habis-habisan exhaustively
kecil small kecil-kecilan on a small scale
ma t i t o die, dead mati-matian with a lot of effort
terang clear terang-terangan openly, frankly
untung lucky untung-untungan with luck
a ~ l h k ~ d i t i L - d k ~ ( c m , k t j ( M . ~ S W- b p e f d ~ l ~ L A T I H A N 4 -#
1 1 1 1 Complete each of the following sentences with a word from the box. Each word may be used only once.
bareng gauds diray&an celebrated kecelakaan accident memaki to swear membeli to buy menang to win mak broken uang kas cash usaha business
pertengahan
perernpatan
besar-besann
rtemng-tennph
mati-matian
kecil-kecilan
untung-untungan
bmbiddsran
munhan
1 Dia bemsaha untuk menang. 2 Joni dengan - k&,d mencuri uang kas di toko i 3 Ulang tahun hapakn<a yang fee-50 dirayakan
temannya - L b i 5 kemarin. di pasar.
L. 6 Keluarga Burhan akan berlibur ke Adelaide pada
-to S W tahun 7 Jangan mernbeli barang t4dr-har~ , nanti cepat ruC 8 Kemarin terjadi kecelakaan di ~ E ~ F " P * ~ / J jalan itu 9 Membeli tattslotto itu Vhh- ; bisa menang, bi:
tidak. 10 Lina tidak suka kepada Toni, karena Toni L(am Ph4-hl -
The majority of words with the -an suffix are nouns. Words with the -an suffix can also be verbs, adjectives or adverbs. Reduplicated -an words are either nouns or adverbs.