FROG ppt

FROGGroup 3 :

Aisyatur RobiaDita PerdanaM.Fahrur Rozi

Regia IlmahaniRuri Indarti

What’s the different between FROGS and TOADS ?

FROGS• Frogs is members of the

family Ranidae, containing more than 400 species.

• These frogs have the characteristics of:

1. two bulging eyes 2. strong, long, webbed hind

feet that are adapted for leaping and swimming

3. smooth or slimy skin (generally, frogs tend to like moister environments)

4. Frogs tend to lay eggs in clusters.

TOADS• Toads is members of the family

Bufonidae, containing more than 300 species.

• They have characterized : 1. stubby bodies with short hind legs

(for walking instead of hopping) 2. warty and dry skin (usually

preferring dryer climates) 3. paratoid (or poison) glands behind

the eyes 4. The chest cartilage of toads is

different also. 5. Toads tend to lay eggs in long

chains. (There are some toads (genera Nectophrynoides), however, that are the only types of anurans to bear live young)

• Frogs from this family can be found on every continent except Antarctica. They are referred to as the "true frogs" because of their generalized body form and life history: the so-called generic frog. Members of this family include the bullfrog, common frog, green frog, leopard frog, marsh frog, pickerel frog, and wood frog.

• True Toads can be found worldwide except in Australasia, polar regions, Madagascar, and Polynesia, though Bufo marinus has been artificially introduced into Australia and some South Pacific islands.Besides Bufo, the family includes 25 genera, all of which, like the frogs, are anura. TOADS

FROGS

• Frogs are a largely carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians.

• Frogs are widely distributed, ranging from the tropics to subarctic regions, but the greatest concentration of species diversity is found in tropical rainforests. There are approximately 4,800 recorded species, accounting for over 85% of extant amphibian species. They are also one of the five most diverse vertebrate orders.

Frogs are native to most parts of the world, except Antarctica, the driest deserts, and many oceanic islands, but the greatest variety are found in moist, tropical areas. Frogs live in a variety of habitats, but most prefer moist regions. Tree frogs are adapted for tree living; other frogs are permanently aquatic; still others spend most of their lives in underground burrows, coming up only to feed or breed.

Habitat

NutritionFrogs principally eat insects, worms, spiders, and centipedes. Aquatic frogs sometimes eat other frogs, tadpoles, and small fish. Some frogs have tongues that are long and sticky that can be used to catch bugs. Tadpoles mostly feed on algae and other vegetation, although a few are carnivorous and may even feed on their siblings!

Characteristic

Frogs have the characteristics of: two bulging eyes; strong, long, webbed hind feet that are adapted for leaping and swimming and smooth or slimy skin. Tree frogs have sucker-like adhesive disks, or suction pads, which aid in the climbing of vertical surfaces, on the tips of their fingers and toes. Aquatic Frogs like the African Dwarf Frog , or the African Clawed Frog, have webbing between their toes that aids in swimming. Frogs that burrow to keep moist in the heat have stubby clawlike fingers that are adapted to digging.

How the frog has adapted to live in water or on the land

The frog has: • Nostrils and eyes high up on its head. This means they

stay out of the water while the frog is swimming.• A sensitive area on its back. This can sense vibrations in

the water. • Moist skin to allow oxygen to pass through.• A sticky tongue and a wide mouth, so it can catch

insects. • Lungs for fast breathing. • Strong back legs for leaping and swimming• Webbed feet. This help it to swim

Frog Metamorphosis

Frog Metamorphosis

Helen’s flying frogThis newly discovered frog, so there is little information on this creature. However, we do know that this frog can fly using its huge webbed feet. It glides across the forest canopies of South Vietnam to escape predators and female specimens have flaps of skin on their arms to aid flight. Its large feet are used to stick to tree branches after gliding. Helen’s Flying frog—Rhacophorus helenae is quite large, reaching ten centimeters in length.It was discovered in Vietnam near Saigon by an Australian scientist. She named the frog after her mother.

Harlequin Toad• Atelopus varius—is native to Costa Rica

and over the past few years, due to the spread of a fungus and changes in climate, its numbers have decreased rapidly to a single isolated population. The species is now dangerously close to extinction.

• The toad’s colors (which can be purple, black or yellow) warn predators to stay clear as it has a powerful toxic poison, which is 100 times stronger than potassium cyanide. The only creature that poses as a threat to the Harlequin toad (apart from humans) is a parasitic fly which lays its eggs on the frog’s legs, allowing them to burrow inside. They then eat the frog’s internal organs, eventually killing it.

Turtle FrogThe Turtle frog—Myobatrachus gouldii—is found in semi-arid regions of Western Australia. It has a very unusual appearance, and looks like a shell-less turtle, with a round, pinky-brown colored body, a tiny head and stubby limbs. Their limbs are short and muscular, allowing them to dig through the sand and to break open termite mounds, which is the frog’s main food source.The Turtle frog skips the tadpole stage and grows into a fully formed frog while inside its egg. For this reason, the eggs are the largest out of any other frog in Australia, measuring 5 to 7 millimeters in length