Freshwater Mussel Surveys in the Navigational Pools of the Allegheny River 2005 – 2007 Principal Investigator: Tamara A. Smith Presented by: Elizabeth S. Meyer Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program/ Western Pennsylvania Conservancy
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Freshwater Mussel Surveys in the Navigational Pools of the
Allegheny River2005 – 2007
Principal Investigator: Tamara A. SmithPresented by: Elizabeth S. Meyer
Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program/ Western Pennsylvania Conservancy
Introduction
• Approximately 300 species of freshwater mussels are found in North America
• Provide community services• Over two-thirds of NA mussels are
considered imperiled
• Historically nearly 40 species of native mussels in the lower Allegheny River
• Dams constructed from 1927-1938• Few surveys have occurred since that time• Improving water quality• Rare mussel species occur in the upper portions
of the Allegheny basin• Dams provide a barrier to migration• Sand and gravel dredging
Freshwater Mussel Surveys - Introduction - Allegheny River: 2005-2007
• Ohio River Valley Ecosystem Team (ORVET) (2004) protocol
• Scuba dive team pairs• 100-meter transects perpendicular to flow
divided into 10-m segments• Minimum 10 minute search time in each
segment• Substrate assessment and depth of each
segment
• 2006 surveys in areas permitted for dredging
• 2007 surveys in areas with shallow depths• Bathymetry work completed by Eric
Chapman, Eli Long and others (WPC) in 2007
Freshwater Mussel Surveys - Methods - Allegheny River: 2005-2007
Allegheny River Bathymetry
Abundance (Live)4924632622085Max
133.3115.069.362.42.8Mean39.7174.111.723.90.6SE Mean
640326651150214542617Pool Total
21131117106Pool TotalSE Mean
MeanMax
Species Richness (Live)
No. Transects
Pool
0.91.20.40.80.34.25.16.25.51.810101083
7520103186
TotalAll Pools
87654
Freshwater Mussel Surveys - Results- Allegheny River: 2005-2007
Freshwater Mussel Surveys - Results - Allegheny River: 2005-2007
5 6 7 8
4 5 6 7 8
6 7 8
8
5 6 7 8
4 6
5 6 7 8
5 6
8
4 5 6 7 8
7
6 7 8
4 5 6 7 8
PoolPresenceIncl. Dead
S4G5L. costata
S4G5L. siliquoidea
S3 S4G5L. ovata
S4G5L. fasciola
S4G5L. cardium
S1G3F. subrotunda
S2G5F. flava
InvasiveInvasiveD. polymorpha
S2G2 T2E. t. rangiana
S4G5E. dilatata
S2 S3G5*A. plicata
S4G4A. marginata
S5G5A. ligamentina
S Rank
GRank
Species
S1
S1 S2
S4 S5
S1
S4
S4
SNR
S2
S2
S1 S2
S3 S4
S2
S Rank
6G5*Villosa iris
6 7 8G1 G2V. fabalis
6 8G5S. undulatus
5 6G3S. ambigua
4 6G5P. grandis
6G4 G5P. fasciolaris
4G5*P. ohioensis
4 5 6 7G5P. alatus
5 6G4P. sintoxia
7G2P. clava
4 5 6 7 8G5L. recta
4 5 6 7 8G5L. fragilis
PoolPresence Incl. Dead
GRank
Species
* Only found as dead shells
Key to Global and State Ranks
G5=Secure, G4=Apparently Secure, G3=Vulnerable , G2=Imperiled, G1=Critically Imperiled S5=Secure, S4=Apparently Secure, S3=Vulnerable , S2=Imperiled, S1=Critically Imperiled
Transects in Pools 4 and 5
Total Number of Live Mussels Species Richness
Transects in Pool 6
Total Number of Live Mussels Species Richness
Transects in Pools 7 and 8
Total Number of Live Mussels Species Richness
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14Maximum Depth (m)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Abu
ndan
ce (L
ive
Onl
y)
2626 2626 26262626262626 26 2626 26 26262626272727
27 2727 2727
272727 272727
2727 272727272727 27 2727
272727272727
2727272727373737373737373737 3740
40
404040 4040
4040 4040
4040404040
4040
4040 40404040
40404040 4040
434343
4343434343434343
4343
434343
434343
43
44
44
44
4444
4444
444444
4545 45
4545
4545
45
45 45
4343
4343
43434343 43 43
40404040
4040
40
40
40
40
4242 4242424242424242
424242
42
42
45
45
45
4545
454545454543 4343 43
43434343
43435252 52 52 52525252
525252 52 52 52525252
5252 52 52 52 52 52 52545454
545454 54 54 545454 54 545454545454 545453 53 5353535353 5353 5354 54 5454 5454 54 54 54 543131 31313131 31313131
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
5151
51
51
51
5151
51
51
51
51
51 51
51
5151 51
5252
515151 515050 4949 4954
5454 5454545454 54 5455 55555555555555 55555555 55 555556
5656565656 56
56 565656 56 56 56 565656 56565657
57 57575744
4444
44 44444444
44
44
44 4444
44
444444
4444
45
4545454545
45
45
45
45
45
45
45454545
4545
39 39 3939 393939 3939
394141 4141414141
4141
61
61
61
61
6161616161
6161
61
6161
61
61
61
61
6161
4545454545
4545
45 45
45
45
454545
45 45
454545
39 393939 393939393939
3636
36
3636
3636
36
36
36
373737373737373737 37 35353535353535
35
3535363636363636
3636
36
36
44 44 44444444
44444444424242
42
424242424242
42
42 42 4242
4242424242
4242424242424242
4242
4141
41
41414141
41
4141
333333
33333333333333
323232 32
323232
323232
33333333
33 333333 3333
61
61
61
61
6161
61
61
61
61
61
61
6161
61
6161
61
61
61
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
44
44
44
44
44
3333 333333333333 33
33
60
60
606060
60
6060
606059595959
59
595959
59
59
59
5959
59
59
59
59
5959
59
Total Abundance for each 10-m segment by Maximum Depth
Numbers correspond to River Mile
Species Richness for each 10-m Segment by Maximum Depth
Numbers correspond to River Mile
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14Maximum Depth (m)
0
2
4
6
8
Spe
cies
Ric
hnes
s (L
ive
Onl
y)
26
26
2626 26262626262626 26 2626
26 26
2626262727
27
27 27
27
27
272727
27
27
27
27
27
2727 2727
2727 27 27 2727 272727
2727
27 27272727
27
3737 3737 373737
37
37 37
40
40
40
4040
40
40
40
40
4040
404040
40
40
40
40
40
40
4040
40
40
4040
40
40 40
40
43
4343
43
434343
4343
43
4343
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
4444
44
44
44
4444
444444
45
45
45
4545
4545
45
45
45
43
4343
43
43
43
43
43 43
43
40
40404040
40
40
40
40
4042
42
4242
4242
4242
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
45
45
45
45
45
45
4545
45
45
43 4343 43
43
43
434343
4352
52
52 52
52
52
5252
52
5252
5252 5252
52
52
52
52
52
52
52 52 52 525454 54 545454 54 5454 5454 5454545454 545454545353 5353535353
53
53 535454
54 54 545454 54 54 54
31
31 3131
31
3131313131
51
51
51
51
51
51
51 51
51
51
51
51
51 5151
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
5151
51
51
5151
5151
52
52
51
51
51
51
50504949 49545454 5454545454 54 5455
555555
55
55
5555
55
555555 55 555556
56
5656
5656
56
56
565656 56 56
56
5656 56
5656 56
57 57 57
57
57
44
44
44
44
44
444444
4444
4444
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
45
454545
45
45
45
45
45
4545
45
45
4545
45
45
45
39 39 3939 3939
3939
39394141
41
41 4141
414141
61
61
61
6161
61
61
61
6161
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
6145 45
454545
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
39
393939 39 3939393939
3636
36
36
36
36
3636
36
36
37
3737
37
3737
37
37
37 37
35
35
3535
35
35
35
35
3535
36
3636
3636
36
36
36 3636
44 44 44
444444
44
44
44
44
4242
4242
42
42
42
424242
42 42 42
42
42
4242
424242
42
42
42
4242
4242
42
42
42
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
33
33
33
33333333
33
33
33 32
32
32
32
3232
32
32
3232
33
3333
33
33 33 33
33 3333
61
61
61
61
616161
61
61
61
6161
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
44
44
44
44
44
33
33
33
33
33
3333
33
33
33
60
60 60
6060
60
606060
60
5959
59
59
5959
59
59
59
59
59
5959
5959
59
59
59
59
59
Charles Bier and Robert Anderson11014Total Number of Species
XRainbow MusselVillosa iris
XRayed Bean MusselVillosa fabalis
XCreeperStrophitus undulatus
XSalamander MusselSimpsonaias ambigua
XGiant FloaterPyganodon grandis
XKidneyshellPtychobranchus fasciolaris
XPink PapershellPotamilus ohiensis
XPink HeelsplitterPotamilus alatus
XRound PigtoePleurobema sintoxia
XClubshellPleurobema clava
XBlack SandshellLigumia recta
XFragile PapershellLeptodea fragilis
XFluted-shellLasmigona costata
XFatmucketLampsilis siliquoidea
XPocketbookLampsilis ovata
XWavy-rayed LampmusselLampsilis fasciola
XPlain PocketbookLampsilis cardium
XLong-solidFusconaia subrotunda
XWabash PigtoeFusconaia flava
XNorthern RiffleshellEpioblasma torulosa rangiana
XSpikeElliptio dilatata
XThree-ridgeAmblema plicata
XElktoeAlasmidonta marginata
(x)XMucketActinonaias ligamentina
lenticRiverine(lotic)Common NameScientific Name
PrimarilyFacultativeRiverinePennsylvania Natural Heritage Program (PNHP) 5-Mar-07
• Higher abundance and species richness in shallow areas
• Areas that were dredged were deep and had only silt, boulder, and bedrock substrate
• Preliminary statistical analysis results indicate that percent silt, cobble and maximum dept are significant predictors of abundance and species richness
Freshwater Mussel Surveys - Discussion - Allegheny River: 2005-2007
AcknowledgementsThis study was funded by a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service State Wildlife Grants Program Grant T-2 administered through the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission (PAFBC). In 2005, supplemental funding from the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Pennsylvania Field office was used to conduct surveys in pools 4 and 6. Thanks to Patricia Morrison (USFWS), Janet Butler (USFWS) and Robert Anderson (USFWS) for oversight and dive training in 2005. Thanks to the PA Fish and Boat Commission for use of their dive boat in the 2005 and 2006 field seasons. Thanks to Robert Morgan (PAFBC) and Doug Fischer (PAFBC) for help with boat operations in 2005. Thanks to the Colcom Foundation for funding the purchase of a WPC research vessel that was used in 2007 and thanks to Eric Chapman (WPC) for researching and maintaining the boat. Thanks to the various marinas in the navigational pools, especially Rosston Eddy Marina and the Nautical Mile Marina. Thanks to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for allowing us lockage. Thanks to Scott’s SCUBA in Freeport, PA and to Divers World in Erie, PA for being accommodating with special equipment rental and maintenance needs. Special thanks to WPC/PNHP SCUBA dive crew members Ryan Evans, Zachary Horn, Elizabeth Meyer, Nicole Rhodes, Erik Weber and Jake Winkler. 2007 field work was made more efficient by using bathymetric maps generated by Eric Chapman (WPC) and Eli Long (WPC).
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