Frequency Bands Used in Communications

8/6/2019 Frequency Bands Used in Communications

1/12

BY

SAMHITA HISWANKAR

KALYANI DESHMUKH

RENUKA MADANE

KARISHMA CHOWDHARI

FREQUENCY BANDS USED IN

COMMUNICATIONS


2/12

Introduction

y Electronic Communication: Electronic transfer of data from

location to location.

yIncludes various data types.

y Every type of data corresponds to particular frequency range

called Frequency Band.


3/12

Designation Frequency Usage

ELF extremely low frequency 3Hz to 30Hz

Normal range usage.

Example: Human

speech.

SLF superlow frequency 30Hz to 300Hz

ULF ultralow frequency 300Hz to 3000Hz

VLF very low frequency 3kHz to 30kHzAeronautical & Marine

Navigation

LF low frequency 30kHz to 300kHzAM Broadcast

MF medium frequency 300kHz to 3000kHz

HF high frequency 3MHz to 30MHzSimple & Half Duplex

Communication

VHF very high frequency 30MHz to 300MHz Mobile, radio, marine,aeronautical.

UHF ultrahigh frequency 300MHz to 3000MHzMobile and military

radar

SHF superhigh frequency 3GHz to 30GHz Microwave satellite.

EHF extremely high frequency 30GHz to 300GHzCommunication


4/12

Types of Communication

y Simplex

y Double Duplex

y Half Duplex


5/12

Bands used in Simplex

y Simplest type of electronic communication. It is a one way

communication. Examples are

yRadio. (Working in the MF for AM and in VHF for FM)

y Television Broadcast. (Ranging from HF to UHF)


6/12

Bands used in Double Duplex

y When people can send and receive audio signals

simultaneously.

The example is:

y Telephone (Audio frequency range (20-20kHz)


7/12

Bands used in Half Duplex

y The form of two way communication where only one side

can transmit at a time. The examples are

yPolice wireless communication.

y Amateur Radio.


8/12

Bands Used in Latest Techniques: WiFi

CHANNEL NUMBER LOWERFREQUENCY

MHZ

CENTERFREQUENCY

MHZ

UPPER FREQUENCYMHZ

1 2 401 2 412 2 423

2 2 404 2 417 2 428

3 2 411 2 422 2 433

4 2 416 2 427 2 438

5 2 421 2 432 2 443

6 2 426 2 437 2 448

7 2 431 2 442 2 453

8 2 436 2 447 2 458

9 2 441 2 452 2 463

10 2 451 2 457 2 468

11 2 451 2 462 2 473

12 2 456 2 467 2 478


9/12

Bands Used in Latest Techniques: 3G

Current / Planned Technologies Band Frequency (MHz)

SMR iDEN 800 806-824 and 851-869

AMPS, GSM, IS-95 (CDMA), IS-136 (D-AMPS), 3G

Cellular 824-849, 869-894, 896-901,935-940

GSM, IS-95 (CDMA), IS-136 (D-

AMPS), 3GPCS 18501910 and 19301990

3G, 4G, MediaFlo, DVB-H 700 MHz 698-806

Unknown 1.4 GHz 13921395 and 14321435

3G, 4G AWS 17101755 and 21102170

4G BRS/EBS 25002690

Frequency bands used in the United States


10/12

Bands Used In Latest Techniques:

Radar

Band Designation Frequency Range Typical Usage

VHF 50-330 MHz. Very long-range surveillance

UHF 300-1,000 MHz. Very long-range surveillance

L 1-2 GHz.Long-range surveillance, enroute

traffic control

S 2-4 GHz.

Moderate-range surveillance,

terminal traffic control, long-range

weather

C 4-8 GHz.Long-range tracking, airborne

weather


11/12

Bands Used In Latest Techniques:

Radar(Continued)

Band Designation Frequency Range Typical Usage

X 8-12 GHz.

Short-range tracking, missile

guidance, mapping, marine

radar, airborne intercept

Ku 12-18 GHz.High resolution mapping,

satellite altimetry

K 18-27 GHz. Little used (H 20 absorption)

Ka 27-40 GHz.

Very high resolution

mapping, airport

surveillance

mm 40-100+ GHz. Experimental

Source: AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics)


12/12

Frequency ofCommunication!!

y Waves & frequency: Spine of communication systems.

y Widespread usage on day to day basis

y Development of new world order.

Frequency Bands Used in Communications

Documents