French & Indian War

French & Indian WarFrench & Indian War

(1754 – 1763)(1754 – 1763)

Colonial Wars• King William’s War

(1689 – 1697)

• Queen Anne’s War (1702 – 1713)

• Yamasee War• (1715 – 1717)

• King George’s War (1744-1748)

Causes of the WarCauses of the War

1. Land Competition1. Land Competition 2. Control of N. America trade routes2. Control of N. America trade routes 3. Alliance w/ Native Tribes3. Alliance w/ Native Tribes 4. European Wars4. European Wars 5. Traditional Enemies5. Traditional Enemies

The Two Sides

FrenchFrench Indian Allies

- Mohawk- Miq'maq- Abenaki- Ottawa- Shawnee

- and many others

BritishBritishColonial MilitiaColonial MilitiaIndian Allies

- Iroquois Confederacy- Cherokee Nation

Albany Plan of UnionAlbany Plan of Union

Proposed by Benjamin Franklin (PA)Proposed by Benjamin Franklin (PA) Colonies unite under Colonies unite under

ONE govt.ONE govt. Govt. semi-autonomousGovt. semi-autonomous

State-Controlled Govt.State-Controlled Govt. Gov.-Gen. appointedGov.-Gen. appointed

by Kingby King

Power of Govt. under Albany PlanPower of Govt. under Albany Plan

Under Albany Plan, colonial government could:Under Albany Plan, colonial government could:

- Levy taxes- Levy taxes- Millitary- Millitary- Treaties w/ Natives- Treaties w/ Natives- Settle new land- Settle new land- Construct forts- Construct forts in Ohio R. Valley in Ohio R. Valley

Albany Plan of Union (cont.) Albany Plan of Union (cont.)

REJECTED by the colonial legislaturesREJECTED by the colonial legislatures Fear of central powerFear of central power State v. National powerState v. National power Basic model for early govt.Basic model for early govt.

Franklin criticises their failure with the first Franklin criticises their failure with the first

American political cartoon!!!American political cartoon!!!

Why did Ben Franklin draw this?

European Land Claims

Mapping Land ClaimsMapping Land Claims

MAP ONE:MAP ONE: Label Original ColoniesLabel Original Colonies Label Rivers – Ohio, MississippiLabel Rivers – Ohio, Mississippi Label Great LakesLabel Great Lakes Atlantic OceanAtlantic Ocean Appalachian MountainsAppalachian Mountains Cities - Charleston, Philadelphia, New York City, Boston,Cities - Charleston, Philadelphia, New York City, Boston,

Ft. Necessity, Ft. Duquesne, Ft. Halifax, Quebec, MontrealFt. Necessity, Ft. Duquesne, Ft. Halifax, Quebec, Montreal

MAP TWO:MAP TWO: Overlay Land Claims of Britain, France, & SpainOverlay Land Claims of Britain, France, & Spain

The British Turn the TideThe British Turn the Tide

Increase war fundsIncrease war funds Fort-By-Fort Fort-By-Fort Control of Great LakesControl of Great Lakes Invasion of CanadaInvasion of Canada Iroquois AllianceIroquois Alliance

Major British VictoriesMajor British Victories

Battle of Quebec (1759)Battle of Quebec (1759) Battle of Montreal (1760)Battle of Montreal (1760) Seizure of Fort Detroit (1761)Seizure of Fort Detroit (1761) Shortly after, France surrendersShortly after, France surrenders

The Treaty of Paris (1763)The Treaty of Paris (1763)

Ends French & Indian War (7 Years War)Ends French & Indian War (7 Years War)

Treaty PointsTreaty Points New France east of Miss. River to BritainNew France east of Miss. River to Britain New France west of Miss. River to SpainNew France west of Miss. River to Spain Britian & Spain trade: Cuba Britian & Spain trade: Cuba Florida Florida

How do the British win the war?How do the British win the war?

1. $8 million to fund war1. $8 million to fund war 2. Larger Army/Navy2. Larger Army/Navy 3. Colonial Militia3. Colonial Militia 4. Iroquois Allies4. Iroquois Allies

IMPACT!!!!IMPACT!!!!

1. Britain blames colonials for war1. Britain blames colonials for war 2. 2. Repay War debt (taxes)Repay War debt (taxes) 3. Restricted Colonial access to OHR3. Restricted Colonial access to OHR 4. 4. Weakness in British militaryWeakness in British military 5. Enforcement of colonial laws5. Enforcement of colonial laws

Proclamation Line of 1763Proclamation Line of 1763