French and Indian War
Oct 29, 2014
French and Indian War
Background
France and Britain had fought THREE times between 1689 to 1748.
Both the French and the British are exploring North America
Native American Alliances:French - Huron and AlgonquinBritish - Iroquois
Conflict over the Ohio River Valley
British fur traders moved into the Ohio River Valley in the 1750s
French & Indians alarmed so they destroy Pickawillany Post
Virginia Company is angered so they send a small group of farmers to tell the French to leave.
Young Major Washington
Ordered to defend Fort DuquesneBut in not ready and
loses the fort to the French in April of 1754
Flees with troops and creates a makeshift fort.
Fort Necessity
Fort Necessity (makeshift fort) is attacked by the French on July 3, 1754
George Washington is forced to surrender to the French.
The first shot of the War.
Early Years of the War
The French and Indian Allies winning
Britain is unorganized and unprepared.
July 1755 Braddock is defeated by the French.
Battle of Quebec
September of 1759Surprise attack
Climbed cliffs at night (300 feet above St. Lawrence River)
Woolfe and 4,000 men Quebec (FRENCH) surrenders
to the British TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Franklin’s Idea
Unite the colonies to fight the FrenchALBANY PLAN OF UNIONDoes not happen
Treaty of Paris 1763
Ends French power in North AmericaBritain gains:
All of Canada and French lands east of Mississippi
SpainGives Florida to the British Gets all French lands west of MississippiMost importantly New Orlenas.
Pontiac’s Rebellion
British took forts, and refused to give supplies to the Native Americans
Native Americans respond by attacking settlers& destroying everything west of the Appalachians Mountains
Proclamation of 1763
British response to Pontiac’s rebellionStated that no colonist could settle
WEST of the Appalachians MountainsIt was meant to support Native
American Allies and protect colonists claims already made.