Freedoms of the Air

Freedoms of the Freedoms of the AirAir

a set of commercial aviation rights granting a country's airline(s) the privilege to enter and land in another country's airspace

fundamental building blocks of the international commercial aviation route network

** The use of the terms 'freedom' and 'right' only confer entitlement to operate international air services within the scope of the multilateral and bilateral treaties that allow them.

First Freedomthe right to fly over a foreign

country without landing

Second Freedomthe right to refuel or carry out

maintenance in a foreign country on the way to

another countrywithout picking up or setting down

revenue traffic

Transit Rights“The first and second freedoms grant

airlines the right to pass through a country without carrying traffic that originates or terminates there”

Chicago Convention 1944- International Air Services Transit Agreement (IASTA)

Two Freedoms Agreement

The treaty is accepted by 129

countries as of 2007

Traffic Rights*allow commercial international services

between, through and in some cases within the countries that are parties to air services agreements or other treaties

International Air Transport Agreement (IATA)

Five Freedoms Agreement

Third Freedomthe right to fly or carry revenue

traffic from one's own country to another

Fourth Freedomthe right to fly or bring revenue traffic from

another country to one's own

*Third and fourth freedom rights are almost always granted simultaneously in bilateral

agreements between countries

Beyond Rights• allow the carriage of traffic between (and

sometimes within) countries that are foreign to the airlines that operate them

Fifth Freedomthe right to fly or carry revenue

traffic between two foreign countries during flights

while the flight originates or ends in one's own

country

Sixth Freedomthe right to fly or carry revenue traffic from a foreign country to another one while stopping in

one's own country for non-technical reasons, setting one’s own country as the transit point

Seventh Freedomthe right to fly or carry revenue

traffic between two foreign countries while not offering flights or stopping to one's own country

Cabotage• transport of goods or passengers

between two points in the same country by a vessel or an aircraft registered in another country

• trade or navigation in coastal waters, or, the exclusive right of a country to operate the air traffic within its territory

Eight Freedom• the right to fly or pick up and set

down revenue traffic between two or more domestic airports in a

foreign country while continuing service to one's

own country• Also referred as ‘continuing

cabotage’

Ninth Freedom• the right to fly or pick up and set

up revenue traffic between two or more domestic airports in a

foreign country without continuing service to one's

own country• Pure cabotage