Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta Free and Open Source Software Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH September 29, 2015 Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH Free and Open Source Software
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Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
Free and Open Source Software
Horea Christian
[project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
September 29, 2015
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
Free and Open Source Software
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
How did we get to free and open?
Birth of The Software Industry
1970-1980:I United States vs. IBM (17 January 1969): “Bundled Software
is anticompetitive”I Technical measures to withold control (e.g. binary-only
distribution)I Computer Software 1980 Copyright Act: “Software is
patentable”
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
Free and Open Source Software
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
How did we get to free and open?
Confronting the Software Industry
I Promotes the universal freedom to study, distribute, create,and modify computer software.
I Promotes social activism.I “Ethical” (dogmatic?)
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
Free and Open Source Software
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
How did we get to free and open?
Working with the Software Industry
I Promotes open-source principles.I “Rebaranded” the free software movement.I Companies such as Netscape, Google, Oracle now incorporate
open-source in their business model.
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
Free and Open Source Software
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
How did we get to free and open?
Sticking together
FOSS
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
Free and Open Source Software
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
Key ideas of FOSS
GPL
Based on the FSF’s “four freedoms”:I The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purposeI The freedom to study how the program works, and change it
so it does your computing as you wishI The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your
neighborI The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to
others
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
Free and Open Source Software
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
Key ideas of FOSS
BSD
Very permissive 3 clauses:I Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.I Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
copyright notice, this list of conditions and the followingdisclaimer in the documentation and/or other materialsprovided with the distribution.
I Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of itscontributors may be used to endorse or promote productsderived from this software without specific prior writtenpermission
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
Free and Open Source Software
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
Key ideas of FOSS
Copyleft
I All derivatives must for ever stay freeI Might restrict how program can interact with non-free
programs (GPLv3)I “Viral Licensing”
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
Free and Open Source Software
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
Why is FOSS awesome?
Software Performance
Linus’ Law: “Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow.”I Less crashesI Better benchmark performance (especially for older hardware)I If ever it still fails: Better support
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
Free and Open Source Software
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
Why is FOSS awesome?
Empowerment
I No vendor lock-inI Controll over any service running on your systemI Become smarter and more creativeI Get better software habits (LATEX, Git, CLI)
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
Free and Open Source Software
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
Why is FOSS awesome?
Sustainability
I There is no single entity on which the future of the softwaredepends
I Everybody can make it better, nobody can make it worseI Reproducibility and transparency (analogous to science)
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
Free and Open Source Software
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
Why is FOSS awesome?
Security
I PrivacyI Transparency (analogous to govenrment)I Encryption
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
Free and Open Source Software
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
What kind of software is FOSS?
Linux Kernel
“Tux” by Larry Ewing, Simon Budig, Anja Gerwinski Licensed underAttribution via Commons
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH
Acronym History Licences Advantages Examples Users/Developers Meta
About this presentation
These Slides
I Latest Slides: http://chymera.eu/pres/foss/pres.pdfI Source: https://bitbucket.org/TheChymera/foss/srcI License: CC BY-SA 3.0I Containing elements from past slides by Cédric Sonderegger, CC BY
Horea Christian [project21] TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH