Frederica Perera, DrPH Professor, School of Public Health Director, Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health Mailman School of Public Health - Columbia University April 20, 2007 Effects of Environmental Pollutants on Women’s Reproductive Health and Child Health and Development
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Frederica Perera, DrPH Professor, School of Public Health
Effects of Environmental Pollutants on Women’s Reproductive Health and Child Health and Development. Frederica Perera, DrPH Professor, School of Public Health Director, Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health Mailman School of Public Health - Columbia University - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Frederica Perera, DrPH
Professor, School of Public Health Director, Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental
Health
Mailman School of Public Health - Columbia University
April 20, 2007
Effects of Environmental Pollutants
on Women’s Reproductive Health
and Child Health and Development
2
Need for Prevention
Low birth weight Asthma
Child developmental
disorders
Cancer
ObesityAdult chronic diseases
3
Environmentaltoxicants
Psychosocial
factors
Nutritional deficiencies
Genes
4
• Differential exposure
• Greater absorption and retention of toxics
• Lower efficiency in detoxification/repair
• Higher rate of cell proliferation
• Time for cancer to develop
Maternal and Fetal/Child Susceptibility to Environmental Toxicants
5
Study Populations:NYC, Poland, and China Cohorts
• Young, healthy pregnant women recruited during pregnancy
• Non-smokers; some passive smokers
• Subject to varying levels of environmental toxicants
Prenatal Exposures Increase Risk of Childhood Asthma
• Over 30% of children have asthma
• Combined prenatal PAHs and postnatal ETS associated with asthma diagnosis at ages 2 and 5
Miller et al.
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Conclusions
• Exposures to pollutants during pregnancy are associated with:
- reduced fetal growth
- childhood asthma
- developmental disorders
- a biomarker of increased cancer risk
• Pollutants can interact to worsen effects
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Environmental
toxicants
Opportunities for Prevention
Better health outcomes
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Acknowledgements
Special thanks to: The women and children participating in the studiesCCEH Key Investigators: H. Andrews, K. Bocskay,, R. Garfinkel, M. Horton, P. Kinney, R. Miller, V. Rauh, D. Tang, R. Whyatt, CUMC Genetics Lab: D. WarburtonNCI: S. ChanockUniversity of Cincinnati: S. M. Ho, W. Tang CDC: D. Barr, T. Bernert, R. Schleicher, L. Needham, J. PirkleSWRI: D. Camann Funding: NIEHS, EPA New York Community Trust, Gladys & Roland Harriman Foundation, Bauman Family Foundation, Educational Foundation of America, New York Times Company Foundation, The Horace W. Goldsmith Foundation, JMF, Beldon Foundation,Johnson Family Foundation, Rockefeller Brothers, Rockefeller Financial Services, Blanchette Hooker Rockefeller, National Philanthropic Trust
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Changing residential insecticide exposure: Pre- and post- regulation of
OPs
Change in levels of insecticides (ng/m3) detected in 48-hr personal air samples collected from pregnant African American and Dominican women living in New York City between 2000-05