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Frank Gehry

Personal information

Nationality Canadian, American

BornFebruary 28, 1929 (age 81)Toronto, Ontario

Work

Practice Gehry Partners, LLP

Buildings

Guggenheim Museum, Walt Disney Concert Hall,GehryResidence, Weisman Art Museum, Dancing House,Art

Gallery of Ontario

Awards

AIA Gold MedalNational Medal of ArtsOrder of CanadaPritzker Prize

Frank Owen Gehry (born Frank Owen Goldberg; February 28, 1929) is a Canadian-American Pritzker Prize-winning architect based in Los Angeles, California.

His buildings, including his private residence, have become tourist attractions and manycustomers seek Gehry's services as a badge of distinction. His works were by far the most often

cited as being among the most important works ofcontemporary architecture in the 2010 WorldArchitecture Survey, which led Vanity Fairto label him as "the most important architect of ourage".

Gehry's best-known works include the titanium-covered Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain;Walt Disney Concert Hall in downtown Los Angeles;Experience Music Project in Seattle;Weisman Art Museum in Minneapolis; Dancing House in Prague; MARTa Museum in Herford,Germany; and the Art Gallery of Ontario in Toronto. But it was his private residence in Santa

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Monica, California, which jump-started his career, lifting it from the status of "paperarchitecture" a phenomenon that many famous architects have experienced in their formativedecades through experimentation almost exclusively on paper before receiving their first majorcommission in later years.

Contents

Personal life Architectural style Criticism Other notable aspects of career

o Awards

o Academia

o Budgets

o Celebrity status

o Documentary

o Fish and furniture

Software development Works Awards Honorary doctorates See also Notes References

External links

Personal life

He was born Frank Owen Goldberg in Toronto, Ontario; his parents werePolish Jews. Acreative child, he was encouraged by his grandmother, Mrs. Caplan, with whom he would buildlittle cities out of scraps of wood. His use of corrugated steel, chain link fencing, and othermaterials was partly inspired by spending Saturday mornings at his grandfather's hardware store.He would spend time drawing with his father and his mother introduced him to the world of art."So the creative genes were there," Gehry says. "But my father thought I was a dreamer, I wasn'tgonna amount to anything. It was my mother who thought I was just reticent to do things. Shewould push me."

In 1947 Gehry moved to California, got a job driving a delivery truck, and studied at LosAngeles City College, eventually to graduate from the University of Southern California's Schoolof Architecture. After graduation from USC in 1954, he spent time away from the field ofarchitecture in numerous other jobs, including service in the United States Army. He studied cityplanning at the Harvard Graduate School of Design for a year, leaving before completing theprogram. In 1952, still known as Frank Goldberg, he married Anita Snyder, who he claims wasthe one who told him to change his name, which he did, to Frank Gehry. In 1966 he and Snyder

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divorced. In 1975 he married Berta Isabel Aguilera, his current wife. He has two daughters fromhis first marriage, and two sons from his second marriage.

Having grown up in Canada, Gehry is a huge fan of hockey. He began a hockey league in hisoffice, FOG (which stands for Frank Owen Gehry), though he no longer plays with them In

2004, he designed the trophy for the World Cup of Hockey. Gehry holds dual citizenship inCanada and the United States. He lives in Santa Monica, California, and continues to practice outofLos Angeles.

Architectural style

The Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain

Much of Gehry's work falls within the style ofDeconstructivism. Deconstructivism, also knownas DeCon Architecture, is often referred to aspost-structuralist in nature for its ability to gobeyond current modalities of structural definition. In architecture, its application tends to departfrom modernism in its inherent criticism of culturally inherited givens such as societal goals and

functional necessity. Because of this, unlike early modernist structures, DeCon structures are notrequired to reflect specific social or universal ideas, such as speed or universality of form, andthey do not reflect a belief that form follows function. Gehry's own Santa Monica residence is acommonly cited example of deconstructivist architecture, as it was so drastically divorced fromits original context, and, in such a manner, as to subvert its original spatial intention.

Gehry is sometimes associated with what is known as the "Los Angeles School," or the "SantaMonica School" of architecture. The appropriateness of this designation and the existence ofsuch a school, however, remains controversial due to the lack of a unifying philosophy or theory.This designation stems from the Los Angeles area's producing a group of the most influentialpostmodern architects, including such notable Gehry contemporaries as Eric Owen Moss and

Pritzker Prize-winnerThom Mayne of Morphosis, as well as the famous schools of architectureat the Southern California Institute of Architecture (co-founded by Mayne),UCLA, and USCwhere Gehry is a member of the Board of Directors.

Gehrys style at times seems unfinished or even crude, but his work is consistent with theCalifornia funk art movement in the 1960s and early 1970s, which featured the use ofinexpensive found objects and non-traditional media such as clay to make serious art. Gehry hasbeen called "the apostle of chain-link fencing and corrugated metal siding". However, a

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retrospective exhibit at New York's Whitney Museum in 1988 revealed that he is also asophisticated classical artist, who knows European art history and contemporary sculpture andpainting.

Criticism

The Experience Music Project in Seattl

Walt Disney Concert Hall

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Dancing House in Prague

Art Gallery of Ontario in Toronto

Gehry's work has its detractors. Some have said:[7][8]

The buildings waste structural resources by creating functionless forms. The buildings are apparently designed without accounting for the local climate. The spectacle of a building often overwhelms its intended use, especially in the case of

museums and arenas. The buildings do not seem to belong in their surroundings.

A report in The Economistdescribed Gehry as a "one-trick pony" and an "auto-plagiarist", [9]

referring to the similarity in style of some of his buildings.

Other notable aspects of career

Awards

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Gehry was elected to the College of Fellows of the American Institute of Architects (AIA) in1974, and he has received many national, regional, and local AIA awards, including AIA LosAngeles Chapter Gold Medal. He presently serves on the steering committee of the Aga KhanAward for Architecture. Gehry was awarded the Pritzker Architecture Prize at the Tdai-jiBuddhist Temple in 1989. The Pritzker Prize serves to honor a living architect whose built work

demonstrates a combination of those qualities of talent, vision, and commitment, which hasproduced consistent and significant contributions to humanity and the built environment throughthe art of architecture.

Academia

Gehry is a Distinguished Professorof Architecture at Columbia University and teachesadvanced design studios at the Yale School of Architecture. He has received honorary doctoraldegrees from Occidental College,Whittier College, the Southern California Institute ofArchitecture, the University of Toronto, the California College of Arts and Crafts, the TechnicalUniversity of Nova Scotia, the Rhode Island School of Design, the California Institute of the

Arts, and the Otis Art Institute at the Parsons School of Design. In 1982 and 1989, he held theCharlotte Davenport Professorship in Architecture at Yale University. In 1984, he held the EliotNoyes Chair at Harvard University.

Budgets

Gehry has gained a reputation for taking the budgets of his clients seriously, in anindustry where complex and innovative designs like Gehry's typically go over budget. SydneyOpera House, which has been compared with the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao in terms ofarchitectural innovation, had a cost overrun of 1,400 percent. It was therefore duly noted whenthe Guggenheim Bilbao was constructed on time and budget. In an interview inHarvard Design

Magazine[10]

Gehry explained how he did it. First, he ensured that what he calls the "organizationof the artist" prevailed during construction, in order to prevent political and business interestsfrom interfering with the design. Second, he made sure he had a detailed and realistic costestimate before proceeding. Third, he used CATIA (computer-aided three-dimensionalinteractive application) and close collaboration with the individual building trades to controlcosts during construction.

However, not all of Gehry's projects have gone smoothly. The Walt Disney Concert Hall inDowntown Los Angeles resulted in over 10,000 RFIs (request for information) and was $174million over budget. Furthermore, there was a dispute which ended with a $17.8 millionsettlement.[11]

Celebrity status

Gehry is considered a modern architectural icon and celebrity, a major "Starchitect" aneologism describing the phenomenon of architects attaining a sort of celebrity status. The termusually refers to architects known for dramatic, influential designs that often achieve fame andnotoriety through their spectacular effect. Other notable celebrity architects include Jean Nouvel,Zaha Hadid,Thom Mayne,Steven Holl,Rem Koolhaas, andNorman Foster. Gehry came to the

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attention of the public in 1972 with his "Easy Edges" cardboard furniture. He has appeared inApple's black and white "Think Different" pictorial ad campaign that associates offbeat butrevered figures with Apple's design philosophy. He even once appeared as himself inTheSimpsons in the episode "The Seven-Beer Snitch", where heparodied himself by intimating thathis ideas are derived by looking at a crumpled paper ball. He also voiced himself on the TV

showArthur, where he helped Arthur and his friends design a new treehouse. Steve Sample,President of the University of Southern California, told Gehry that, "...AfterGeorge Lucas, youare our most prominent graduate."

] Documentary

In 2005, veteran film directorSydney Pollack, a friend of Gehry's, made the documentarySketches of Frank Gehry with appreciative comments by Philip Johnson, Ed Ruscha, JulianSchnabel, and Dennis Hopper, and critical ones by Hal Foster supplementing dialogue betweenGehry and Pollack about their work in two collaborative art forms with considerable commercialconstraints and photography of some buildings Gehry designed. It was released on DVD by Sony

Pictures Home Entertainment on August 22, 2006, together with an interview of Sydney Pollackby fellow director Alexander Payne and some audience questions following the premiere of thefilm.

Fish and furniture

Gehry is very much inspired by fish. Not only do they appear in his buildings, he createda line of jewelry, household items, and sculptures based on this motif. "It was by accident I gotinto the fish image", claimed Gehry. One thing that sparked his interest in fish was the fact thathis colleagues are recreating Greek temples. He said, "Three hundred million years before manwas fish....if you gotta go back, and you're insecure about going forward...go back three hundred

million years ago. Why are you stopping at the Greeks? So I started drawing fish in mysketchbook, and then I started to realize that there was something in it."[12]

Standing Glass Fish is just one of many works featuring fish which Gehry has created. Thegigantic fish is made of glass plates and silicone, with the internal supporting structure of woodand steel clearly visible. It soars above a reflecting pool in a glass building built especially for it,in the Minneapolis Sculpture Garden. Another huge Gehry fish sculpture dominates a publicgarden in front of the Fishdance Restaurant in Kobe,Japan.

In addition to architecture, Gehry has made a line of furniture, jewelry, various household items,sculptures, and even a glass bottle forWyborowa Vodka. His first line of furniture, produced

from 19691973, was called "Easy Edges", constructed out of cardboard. Another line offurniture released in the spring of 1992 is "Bentwood Furniture". Each piece is named after adifferent hockey term. He was first introduced to making furniture in 1954 while serving in theU.S. Army, where he designed furniture for the enlisted soldiers. Gehry claims that makingfurniture is his "quick fix".[13]

[edit] Works

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List of Frank Gehry buildings

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation,search

Main article: Frank Gehry

This list of Frank Gehry buildings categorizes the work of the Pritzker Prize-winning architect.His buildings, including his private residence, have become tourist attractions. Many museums,companies, and cities seek Gehry's services as a badge of distinction, beyond the product hedelivers.

Contents

1 Completed 2 Works in progress 3 Un-built 4 References

5 External links

Completed

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Spiral staircase in the Art Gallery of Ontario, in Toronto

The Gehry Towerin Hannover, Germany

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Gehry buildingsDer Neue Zollhofin Media harbour, Dsseldorf,

Germany Dancing House in Prague, Czech Republic

Marqus de Riscal Vineyard Hotel, Elciego, Spain

Ronald Davis Studio & Residence, Malibu, California (1971-1972) Easy Edges furniture series (1972) Exhibit Center, Merriweather Post Pavilion, and Rouse Company Headquarters,

Columbia, Maryland (1974) Sleep Train Pavilion, Concord, California (1975) Harper House, Baltimore, Maryland (1977) Gehry Residence[1] (1978) Loyola Law School (various buildings), Los Angeles, California (1978-2002)[2]

Santa Monica Place,Santa Monica, California (1980) Air and Space exhibit building, California Museum of Science and Industry, Los

Angeles, California (1982-1984) Edgemar Retail Complex, Santa Monica, California (1984) Frances Howard Goldwyn Hollywood Regional Library, Hollywood, California (1985) Venice Beach House (1986)[3]

Chiat/Day Building,Venice, California (1985-1991) Yale Psychiatric Institute,New Haven,Connecticut (1989) [4]

Vitra Design Museum, Vitrapremises, Weil am Rhein, Germany (1989)

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Frederick Weisman Museum of Art,University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota(1993)[5]

Iowa Advanced Technology Laboratories, University of Iowa,Iowa City, Iowa (1987-1992)[6]

Festival Disney (currently Disney Village), Disneyland Paris,Paris,France (1992)

Center for the Visual Arts, University of Toledo,Toledo, Ohio (1993)[7]

American Center (currently Cinmathque Franaise), Paris, France (1994)[8]

Siedlung Goldstein, (162 flats, public building society), Frankfurt, Germany (1994)[9]

Energie Forum Innovation, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany (1995)[10]

Fred and Ginger (currently Dancing House), Prague, Czech Republic (1995)[11][12]

Disney Ice (currently Anaheim Ice), Anaheim, California (1995) Team Disney Anaheim, Anaheim, California (1995)[13]

Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Bilbao, Spain (1997) Der Neue Zollhof, Dsseldorf, Germany (1999)[14]

University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center,University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati,Ohio (1999)[15]

Cond Nast Cafeteria, (Fourth floor of the Cond Nast Publishing Headquarters at FourTimes Square),New York City,New York(2000)[16]

DZ Bank building, Pariser Platz 3, Berlin, Germany (2000) Experience Music Project, Seattle, Washington (2000) Gehry Tower,Hanover, Germany (2001) Issey Miyake, (flagship store), New York City, New York (2001) Peter B. Lewis Building, Weatherhead School of Management,Case Western Reserve

University, Cleveland, Ohio (2002)[17][18]

Richard B. Fisher Center for the Performing Arts, Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson,New York(2003)[19][20]

Maggie's Dundee,Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland (2003)[21][22]

Walt Disney Concert Hall, Los Angeles, California (2003) Ray and Maria Stata Center,Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge,

Massachusetts (2004)[23]

Jay Pritzker Pavilion, Millennium Park, Chicago, Illinois (2004)[24]

MARTa, Herford, Germany (2005)[25]

IAC/InterActiveCorp West Coast Headquarters, West Hollywood, California (2005) Brian Transeau House, Los Angeles, California Marqus de Riscal Vineyard Hotel, Elciego, Spain (2006)[26]

IAC/InterActiveCorp Headquarters, New York City, New York (2007)[27][28]

Mariza show stage, at the Walt Disney Concert Hall (2007)[29]

Art Gallery of Ontario (renovation), Toronto, Ontario,Canada (2008) Peter B. Lewis Library, Princeton University (2008)[30]

Serpentine Gallery Temporary Pavilion, London, England (2008)[31]

Gehry Building,Novartis Pharma A.G. Campus, Basel, Switzerland (2009).[32]

Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, Nevada (2010)[33]

Works in progress

The Library Building, Clapham 1, London (Expected completion 2012)

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Ohr-O'Keefe Museum Of Art, Biloxi, Mississippi (Expected opening 2006, hit byHurricane Katrina in 2005. Partially opened 2008. Expected completion 2010)[34]

New World Symphony campus, Miami Beach, Florida (Expected completion 2010)[35]

The Beekman,New York City,New York(Expected completion 2011) Guggenheim Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (Expected completion 2011

2012) Gary Player's Saadiyat Beach Golf Course Clubhouse, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

(Expected completion 20122013)[36][37]

Frank Gehry Visitor Center at Hall Napa Valley, Saint Helena, California[38][39]

Biomuseo, Panama City,Panama[40]

The Carrie Hamilton Theatre, Pasadena Playhouse, Pasadena, California[41]

World Trade Center site Performing Arts Complex, New York City, New York(Announced October 2004. Construction to begin 20102011)[42]

Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Announced October 2006.Construction yet to begin)

Louis Vuitton Foundation for Creation, Paris, France (Announced October 2006)[43][44]

Cultural Center, d, Poland (Design not yet accepted)

[45]

Suna Kra Cultural Center, Istanbul, Turkey (Construction yet to begin)[46]

Atlantic Yards, New York City, New York (Project on hold) [47]

Grand Avenue Project,Los Angeles, California (Project on hold) The Point (Five Star Hotel & Event Center), Lehi, Utah (Project on hold)[48][49]

53 Stubbs Road, Hong Kong, China(Residential building.Announced December2009;expected for completition in 2011.)

Faculty of Business, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia (Not yet designed)[50]

Luxury hotel, apartments and offices, Snderborg, Denmark[citation needed]

Le Parc des Ateliers SNCF, Arles, France[citation needed]

Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial, District of Columbia[51]

Un-built

Le Clos Jordanne Winery, Lincoln, Ontario, Canada[52]

Museum of Tolerance, Jerusalem, Israel (Gehry stepped down from the project in March2010)[53][54]

Awards

On December 6, 2006, California GovernorArnold Schwarzeneggerand First LadyMaria Shriverinducted Frank Gehry into the California Hall of Fame located at TheCalifornia Museum for History, Women, and the Arts.

On November 3, 2004, Gehry was awarded the prestigious Woodrow Wilson Award forpublic service by the Woodrow Wilson Centerof the Smithsonian Institution in NewYork City.

Gehry is a Senior Fellow of the Design Futures Council In 1989, Gehry was the recipient of the Pritzker Prize for architecture. In 1994, Gehry was the recipient ofThe Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize.

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In 1998, he was awarded theNational Medal of Arts.[14]

In 2000, Gehry was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Cooper-HewittNational Design Museum[15]

Honorary doctorates

Visual Arts; California Institute of the Arts (Valencia, California, USA1987) Fine Arts; Rhode Island School of Design (Providence, Rhode Island, USA1987) Engineering; Technical University of Nova Scotia (Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada1989) Fine Arts; Otis Arts Institute (Los Angeles, California, USA1989) Humanities; Occidental College (Los Angeles, California, USA1993) Whittier College (Whittier, California, USA1995) Architecture; Southern California Institute of Architecture (Los Angeles, California, USA

1997) Laws; University of Toronto (Toronto, Ontario, Canada1998) University of Edinburgh (Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom2000) University of Southern California (Los Angeles, California, USA2000) Yale University (New Haven, Connecticut, USA2000) Harvard University (Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA2000) City College of New York(New York, New York, USA2002) Art Institute of Chicago (Chicago, Illinois, USA2004)

References

Isenberg, Barbara. Conversations with Frank Gehry. Alfred A. Knopf, 2009 Sketches of Frank Gehry - Documentary

Frank Gehry Architect- Guggenheim Publications 2001 El Croquis 74/75 1995 Architects Today - Laurence King Publishers Dal Co, Francesco and Forster, Kurt. W. "Frank O. Gehry: The Complete Works."

Published in the United States of America in 1998 by The Monacelli Press, Inc.Copyright 1998 by The Monacelli Press, Inc.

The Pritzker Architecture Prize- www.pritzkerprize.com

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v de

Frank Gehry

Completed works

Guggenheim Museum Bilbao Weisman Art MuseumDancing HouseMerriweather Post PavilionLoyola LawSchoolSanta Monica Place Chiat/Day Building VitraDesign Museum Ohr-O'Keefe Museum Of Art SleepTrain Pavilion University of Cincinnati Academic HealthCenterDZ Bank buildingExperience Music Project andScience Fiction Museum and Hall of Fame Gehry TowerRichard B. Fisher Center for the Performing Arts Maggie'sCentres Stata Center Jay Pritzker Pavilion BPPedestrian Bridge Weatherhead School of Management

Art Gallery of Ontario St. Monica Catholic Church, SantaMonica Walt Disney Concert Hall Disney Village Anaheim Ice Team Disney Institute for Pure and AppliedMathematics Cinmathque FranaiseIAC/InterActiveCorp Headquarters

Works underconstruction/proposed

Atlantic YardsGuggenheim Abu DhabiEstaci de laSagrera Philadelphia Museum of Art Grand AvenueProject Center for Human Dignity Beekman Tower LouRuvo Center for Brain Health Suna Kra Cultural Center

Associated with Sydney PollackDan Dworsky Permasteelisa VladoMiluni Aaron Betsky

ConceptsOrganization of the artistDigital Project Cardboardfurniture

Pop cultureSketches of Frank Gehry Easy Edges "The Seven-BeerSnitch"