Framework for ASEAN 2015: A Roadmap for Schools … · Framework for ASEAN 2015: A Roadmap for Schools John Addy S. Garcia, ... Brunei Cambodia Indonesia Laos Malaysia ... Competitive

Framework for ASEAN 2015:

A Roadmap for Schools

John Addy S. Garcia, PhD

De La Salle University

ASEAN ECONOMIC

COMMUNITY 2015

• ASEAN Economic Community

• 10 countries, single regional economic market by 2015

One Community

• Working together rather than competing with each other

• Strong emerging market of 600M people

Regional Cooperation • Free flow of goods,

services, investment capital and skilled labor

• Professional mobility

Free Trade

ASEAN 2015 Benefits (Runckel, 2012)

ASEAN ECOMIC

COMMUNITY 2015

Brunei

Cambodia

Indonesia

Laos

Malaysia

Myanmar

Philippines

Singapore

Thailand

Vietnam

BENEFITS

• regional cooperation

• improve efficiency

• more attractive than

individual countries

• emerging market

• focusing on SMEs

• tourism opportunity

• internationalization of health

care

Competitiveness Assessment and

Roadmap Action Agenda

National Consultation Workshop on a

Competitive Philippines in ASEAN 2015

(DOST/NCRP)

POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR

PHILIPPINE

COMPETITIVENESS

Professional Competitiveness

(PRC)


ASEAN 2015 and Philippine Schools

Opportunities for growth

Challenges of competitiveness

Roadmap to 2015

Inter-country agreements

Philippine policy initiatives and

reforms

Education Sector action

Competitiveness of Filipino Professionals

(PRC initiative)

Competitiveness of graduates of Philippine

Educational Institutions

Keypoints (condensed from Drake-Brockman, 2012)

Global Competitiveness of the Philippines

Philippine Professionals and Global Market

ASEAN Economic Community 2015

Assessing Competitiveness

Assessing Competitiveness among Filipino Professionals

Competitiveness Issues Facing Selected Professions:

Engineering, Accountancy, Nursing

Competitiveness Roadmap


Government

Private Sector

Professionals

Academe

Global Competitiveness of the Philippines

Key Directions (Drake-Brockman, 2012) Implications/Action

Promote export of services

Comply with bilateral, regional, and international commitments to facilitate inflow of foreign services and services providers (inbound/outbound)

Priority Mutual Recognition Arrangements (MRAs) - ASEAN

Awareness of key

priorities of the profession

and the government

Strengthen linkages with

government regulatory

bodies and professional

organizations

Philippine Professionals and Global Market


PRC highlights the need

for more data-driven

and evidence-based

assessment of the

global competitiveness of

Filipino professionals

Curricular reform

responsive to global

competitiveness

assessment



10-country integrated economy by 2015

Trade (customs modernization standard and conformity and services liberalization),

investments,

agriculture,

consumer protection, and

ratification of transportation agreements.

Looking at ASEAN as a

market (e.g., international

student enrollment,

employment opportunities

for graduates)


ASEAN FTA Implications

ASEAN+6

ASEAN-China

ASEAN-Japan

ASEAN-Korea

ASEAN-Australia and New

Zealand

ASEAN-India

Looking beyond OECD,

Middle East, and US

Aligning with ASEAN+6

standards and market

demands

Establishing linkages with

ASEAN+6 Education and

Industry Partners

Assessing Competitiveness of the

Services Sector

Key Points (Drake-Brockman, 2012)

Services play a vital role in national growth, development, and job creation

Accounts for 50% of economic activity, and employment

Growth in services sector is positively correlated with developing countries’ transition to middle income status

Assessing Competitiveness Among

Filipino Professionals Key Directions

(Drake-Brockman, 2012) Implications/Action

To know

where the strengths and weaknesses of the professions

Where and how international business opportunities might be maximized

How defensive their international posture needs to be and why

Parallel assessment of

quality of graduates vis-a-

vis (local, national, regional,

international) competitors

Assessing Competitiveness Among

Filipino Professionals Key directions

(Drake-Brockman, 2012) Implications

To know

What needs to be done to

get the Philippine domestic

house in order fast

(including the tertiary

education system)

Implement CHED, PRC

guidelines

Conduct competitiveness

assessment of graduates

(tracer studies, exit

interviews, industry

FGDs)

Factors affecting Services competitiveness (Drake-Brockman, 2012)

1. Endowments, human capital (talent, education, skills,

ideas, culture of customer focus)

2. Investment in intangible assets

3. Enabling digital infrastructure

4. Quality of institutions

5. Efficiency of domestic regulation

6. Connectedness with the International Market

7. Services business stakeholder consultation

8. Policy focus

Factors affecting Services competitiveness

Key Points (Drake-Brockman, 2012) Implications/action

Services are more skills-intensive than other sector

Creating environment for nurturing talent, skills and ideas are critical in attracting international work

Relies heavily on innovation

Developing global mindset among graduates

Curricular programs responsive to both local and international demands

Focusing on developing core competencies (talents, skills, ideas)

Emphasizing innovation

Factors affecting Services competitiveness (Drake-Brockman, 2012)

Local Competitiveness International Competiveness

Whether supply of skills is sufficient, relative to demand

Getting the balance between ensuring high professional standards and meeting market demand

Whether new professional skill set is becoming necessary

Whether local

professionals can attract

foreign clients and what

level of value-add services

Whether Philippine

professional offer

professional value for

money, and in what

categories of practice

Competitiveness in simple terms

(Drake-Brockman, 2012)

Professional

Competitiveness as a

function of

Numbers

Quality

Quality assurance

Practice

Continuing education

Competitiveness Assessment Criteria (Drake-Brockman, 2012)

Market conditions and trends

Skill shortages can suggest graduates are in-demand, hence competitive

Core competency standards

Technical standards above or at par with regional best practice

Quality assurance

Strong international confidence in domestic regulatory systems

Salary/fee expectations

Prices not higher than regional average

Language skills and personal attributes

International clients are attracted by communication skills, flexibility, adaptability, and initiative

PRC Professional Services

Competitiveness Assessment (Drake-Brockman, 2012)

Engineering (Civil, Geodetic, Mechanical, Electrical, Chemical, & Electronic)

Architecture

Accountancy

Medicine

Dentistry

Nursing

Competitiveness Assessment:

Engineering

Competitiveness Issues: Engineering

Competency

At par or higher than most

ASEAN economies

Top markets: Singapore,

Malaysia, Brunei

Less informed about:

Indonesia and Thailand

Significantly under

informed: Cambodia, Laos,

Myanmar, Vietnam

CPE not mandatory

Quality Assurance

Not yet outcomes-based

education compliant

Not yet a signatory to the

Washington Accord

No Philippine engineers

listed among the ASEAN

Registered Engineers


Personal Attributes

Competitive in English-

speaking markets

Has reputation for being

highly flexible, fast learners,

multi-taskers, able to fit-in

in any team (including

supervisory levels)

Can rise to meet work-

place challenges

International Value for

Money

Salary and fee-level

expectations at the low end

of the ASEAN-6 market

Competitive edge in high

value ASEAN market

(Singapore and Malaysia)


Domestic and

International Skills

Shortages

Local skills shortage, in

both rural and urban areas

Engineering faculty skills

shortage

Varying degree of

awareness of

competitiveness among

professionals

Engineering competitiveness

suffers due to absence of:

Well-equipped university

laboratories

Strong R&D environment

and of any articulated

policy on innovation

Limitations on foreign

equity


Accountancy

Competitiveness Issues: Accountancy

Competency

High competency standards

Adopts international

standards

High marketable profession;

popular college course

Not threatened by foreign

professionals

Entry into international job

markets

PRB upgrading standards of

accountancy teachers

External accreditation of

accountancy schools

Competitiveness Issues: Accountancy

Quality Assurance

not yet compliant IFAC

obligations

initiatives to develop and

improve local quality

assurance systems in the

profession

Adoption of international

standards and code of

ethics

Personal attributes

Familiarity with US, British,

and Japanese system

Regional hub for talent

development

Lack of skills to market the

profession internationally

Competitiveness Issues: Accountancy Employment in BPO sector,

but at lower levels

Emerging employment in

Knowledge-Process

Outsourcing (KPO)

Value for Money

Salary and fee level

expectation are

competitive across ASEAN

Skills shortages

Skills shortages in the

provinces

Underemployment

High staff turnover affected

by accreditation, workload,

and seasonal availability of

temporary staff


Nursing

Competitiveness Issues: Nursing

Skills shortages

High local unemployment

and underemployment

Overseas employment due

to Migration and not Trade

Limited preferred

destinations

Limited overseas

employment due to

depressed global economic

climate

Large ageing population in

OECD countries provides

high medium term work

opportunities

Lack of local funding to hire

more nurses in hospitals

Lack of nursing teachers

Inclusion of employment

for nurses in trade

agreements with ASEAN,

Japan and Australia


Value for Money

Reluctant to go to lower

wage destinations or

alternative markets

Few work at an

entrepreneurial level

Personal attributes

Uninterested in

management positions in

offshore markets

Monetary consideration

had negative impact on the

perception of the

profession


Competency and Quality

Assurance

Updated curriculum

Credentialing programme

for career pathways

Amendment of law

Nursing board actively

monitored quality of

nursing education, closed

80+ substandard schools

Competitiveness Roadmap (Garelli, 2011)

an attempt to describe

and assess the main issues

that will affect the world

competitiveness landscape

over a specific time period

subjective assessment which

aims to bring some

coherence to the

multitude of issues that are

said to be having an impact –

sooner or later – on the

competitiveness landscape

Competitiveness Roadmaps

PRC mandated all regulatory boards

to prepare and disseminate

competitiveness roadmaps for all

regulated professions

Current State

Action Agenda

Competitiveness Goals

Competitiveness Roadmaps for Schools

Is it important and practical for HEIs

to conduct and disseminate

competitiveness roadmaps, similar to

what PRC requires from regulated

professions?

Current State

Action Agenda

Competitiveness Goals

Competitiveness Assessment and


National Consultation Workshop on a

Competitive Philippines in ASEAN 2015

(DOST/NCRP)

POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR

PHILIPPINE

COMPETITIVENESS


(PRC, APO, CHED, HEIs)


Roadmap action agenda (Drake-Brockman, 2012)

Education and Skills Issue

R&D Innovation, Knowledge-Infrastructure

Policy and Regulatory Focus

Promoting and Facilitating PHL capability

globally and regionally

Action Agenda for

the Profession

Action Agenda to

prepare Professionals

Investment Climate & Trade Issues


How to boost the availability and

expertise of the professional

practitioners to ensure they are

positioned to take advantage of

regional and global business

opportunities?

How can QA frameworks be

established?

Which workforce issues should

be addressed?



What could be done to boost the

ability of PHL professional

services sector to increasingly

improve productivity through

innovation?

How could a higher level of

collaboration be encouraged between

the private sector, academia, and

government agencies?



Is a higher level of support

needed from the policy or

other regulatory institutions to

help improve the profession’s

access to global or regional

opportunities?



What might be done to

improve the profession’s

“branding” either

domestically or

internationally?


Road Map Action Agenda

Funding and investment

Implementation of

ASEAN MRAs



Government

Private Sector

Professionals

Academe

Discussion Points

To what extent will the University initiate, participate, or

contribute to the challenge of preparing globally

competitive graduates/professionals?

What action agenda can be taken in relation to:

Assessment of competitiveness of graduates

Professional education

Advocacy for quality assurance

Promotion of innovation

Addressing the challenges of global competitiveness?

References

Department of Science and Technology, Republic of the Philippines. (2011). Consultation/Workshop on a competitive Philippines in ASEAN 2015.

Drake-Brockman, J. (2012). Rapid Assessment Report on the Competitiveness of Regulated Professions Covered by the ASEAN MRAs. Professional Regulation Commission: Manila, Philippines

Garelli, S. (2011). The competitiveness roadmap: 2011-2050 (The IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook 2011). Retrieved from http://www.imd.org/research/publications/wcy/upload/roadmapPrint_A4.pdf

Runckel, C.W. (2012). Asia opportunities: ASEAN Economic Community 2015. Retrieved from http://www.business-in-asia.com/asia/asean_economic_community.html

http://www.business-in-asia.com/asia/asean_economic_community.html





Framework for ASEAN 2015: A Roadmap for Schools … · Framework for ASEAN 2015: A Roadmap for Schools John Addy S. Garcia, ... Brunei Cambodia Indonesia Laos Malaysia ... Competitive

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