EUROPEAN COMMISSION – Research DG FP7 /1 CNE Madrid 30 Enero 2007 Pablo Fernández Ruiz Director Investigación Energía-(Euratom) Comisión Europea La contribución de la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovacion a la Sostenibilidad de la Energía en la UE
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CNEMadrid 30 Enero 2007
Pablo Fernández RuizDirector Investigación Energía-(Euratom)
Comisión Europea
La contribución de la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovacion a la Sostenibilidad de la Energía
en la UE
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Contenido
Retos para la energia en la UE y a nivel global: el paquete de Energía propuesto por la CE
Rol de la I+D+i en las politicas comunitarias -El objetivo de Lisboa y el Espacio Europeo de La Investigación
La Energia en el 7° programa Marco de Investigación Europeo
Nuevos instrumentos para una I+D mas coordinada y eficiente
Plan Tecnológico Estratégico Energético Europeo
Resumen y Conclusiones
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La Energia Hoy dia
La energia soporta toda actividad economica. El ciudadano Europeo ha estado acostumbrado a un suministro de energia barata, abundante y segura. En el presente, existe una preocupacion creciente por la influencia del uso de la energía en el Cambio Climático
A principios del año pasado, en un escenario de gran aumento de los precios del petroleo, los incidentes sobre la interrupcion del suministro de gas a la Union Europea trajeron bruscamente a la atención de la opinion publica las debilidades del sistema de Energia de la UE, en particular la inseguridad de suministro de los productos energéticos.
Consecuencia de esto, la Energia es hoy un tema de preocupación a nivel Europeo, ocupa un puesto de relevancia en la agenda política Europea y es objeto de una gran actividad a nivel político en la UE
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La Energía en la UE
Se prevee que la demanda de energia global aumentará un 60% en los proximos 30 años
La dependencia del exterior de la UE puede aumentar del 50% presente al 65% para el 2030; volatilidad de los precios del petroleo y potencial inestabilidad geo-politica de los suministradores
Mas del 80% de las emisiones de CO2, causa del cambio climatico, causados por la energia; los modelos disponibles muestran que no se cumplirá con el objetivo de Kyoto ni con el de las energias renovables para el 2010
Se preveen mas de €12 trillones de inversiones en el campo de la energia a nivel global para el 2030 – enorme mercado potencial, pero la UE ante una seria competencia de los otros bloques comerciales
El escenario “Business as usual” no es sostenible
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A European Strategy for Sustainable, Competitive and Secure Energy
From the Green Paper to the Energy Package
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TOWARDS AN ENERGY POLICY FOR EUROPE
EXTERNAL RELATIONS
ILLUSTRATIVE NUCLEAR PROGRAMME (PINC)
SUSTAINABLE FOSSIL FUEL
TECHNOLOGIES
ENERGY MIX INTERNAL MARKET
REPORT ON FUNCTIONING OF INTERNAL MARKET
SECTOR INQUIRY
PRIORITY INTERCONNECTION PLANRES ELECTRICITY
BIOFUELS
HEATING AND COOLING FROM RES
RENEWABLE ENERGY ROAD MAP
SUSTAINABILITY
ENERGY EFFICIENCY ACTION PLAN (19 OCT 2006)
JOINT COMMISSION/ HR /COUNCIL JUNE
PAPER AND COM PAPER OCT 2006
DIALOGUE WITH PRODUCERS: OPEC-NORWAY-GCC-ALGERIA-CASPIAN BASIN (BAKU PROCESS)
NEGOTIATION MANDATE FOR NEW AGREEMENT WITH RUSSIA
DIALOGUE WITH CONSUMERS: CHINA, US, INDIA, JAPAN
ACTION PLAN 2007-2009
ENERGY PACKAGE 10th January 2007
AN ENERGY POLICY FOR EUROPEGREEN PAPER
ENERGY
SPRING EUROPEAN COUNCIL 2007
STRATEGIC ENERGY TECHNOLOGY PLAN (2007)
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The Energy Package
Communications on :
An energy policy for Europe Renewable energy road map Report on progress in renewable electricity Biofuels progress report Prospects for the internal gas and electricity market Priority interconnection plan for Gas and Electricity Infrastructures Nuclear illustrative programme Sustainable power generation from fossil fuels: aiming for near-zero
emissions from coal after 2020 Towards a European strategic energy technology plan
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The Energy package
The mainstay of the new policy is a core common energy objective : EU should reduce greenhouse gas emissions from its energy consumption by 20% by 2020, in a context of global negotiations to limit Climate Change, whilst promoting jobs and growth, and limiting the EU's external vulnerability to gas and oil imports
Keep all options open, including reinforcing nuclear power generation
Investing in energy technology is more an opportunity than a challenge: Europe is a world-leader in energy technology 16 trillion € in the world energy supply market ahead of us
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Competitiveness“Lisbon Agenda”
•Renewable energy•Energy efficiency•Nuclear•Research and innovation (see Lisbon)•Emission trading
•International Dialogue: one common voice•European stock management (oil/gas)•Refining capacity and storage of energy•Diversification including nuclear
Common energy policy objectives
•Internal Market•Competition•Interconnections (Trans-European networks) •European electricity grid•Research and innovation
•Clean coal•Carbon sequestration•Alternative fuels•Energy efficiency•Nuclear
Sustainable Development
“KYOTO”Security of supply
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RTD policy drivers
LISBON(March 2000)
Most competitive and dynamic knowledge-
based economy by 2010
BARCELONA(March 2002)
Need to boost RTDAim: 3% of EU GDP by 2010 (2/3 private)
BUILDING THE EUROPE OF
KNOWLEDGEEuropean Research Area
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R&D – Europe’s challenges
EU-25 US Japan
R&D intensity (% of GDP) (2004) 1.86 2.66 3.18
Share of R&D financed by industry (%) (1) 54.8 63.7 74.8
Researchers (FTE) per thousand labour force (2) 5.5 9.1 10.1
Share of world scientific publications (%) (2003) 38.3 31.1 9.6
Scientific publications per million population (2003) 639 809 569
Share of world triadic patents (%) (2000) 31.5 34.3 26.9
Triadic patents per million population (2000) 30.5 53.1 92.6
High-tech exports as a share of total manufacturing exports (%) (2003) 19.7 28.5 26.5
Share of world high-tech exports (%) (2003) 16.7 19.5 10.6
Notes: (1) EU-25: 2003; US, JP: 2004. (2) EU-25: 2004; US: 2002; JP: 2003.
Data: Eurostat, OECD. Source: DG Research
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Research: filling the gap(total expenditure on R&D as % of GDP, 2004)
(EU-25 extrapolation based on R&D intensity targets put forward by Member States in their respective National Reform Programmes)
1,7
1,9
2,1
2,3
2,5
2,7
2,9
3,1
3,3
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
EU-25 : 1,86 %
USA : 2,66 %
Japan : 3,18 %
EU-25 2010 forecast: 2,6 %
Data: Eurostat, OECD. Source: DG Research
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Building a Europe of
Knowledge
The Seventh Framework Programme2007-2013
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Budgets of the EU Framework Programmes1984-2013
NB: Budgets in current prices. Source: Annual Report 2003, plus FP7 revised proposal
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
€ mi l l i on
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FP7 2007 –2013 | Specific Programmes
+
Ideas – Frontier Research
Capacities – Research Capacity
People – Marie Curie Actions
Cooperation – Collaborative research
JRC non-nuclear research
Euratom direct actions – JRC nuclear research
Euratom indirect actions – nuclear fusion and fission research
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ENERGY IN EU RESEARCH (FP1-FP7)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
FP
1
FP
2
FP
3
FP
4
FP
5
FP
6
FP
7
%
Other
Basic research
Coordination & development
Space
Science and society
Training of researchers
Dissemination & exploitation
International cooperation
Socio-economic
Transport
Energy
Life sciences
Environment
Industrial & materials technology
IT and Communications
Energy
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FP7 budget (€ 50 521 million, current prices)
€ million
Ideas; 7 510
People; 4 750
Capacities; 4 097 JRC (EC); 1 751
Cooperation, 32 413
Note: Euratom FP: €2.7 billion over 5 years - not included above
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Cooperation – Collaborative Research
1. Health
2. Food, agriculture and fisheries, and biotechnology
3. Information and communication technologies
4. Nanosciences, nanotechnologies, materialsand new production technologies
5. Energy
6. Environment (including climate change)
7. Transport (including aeronautics)
8. Socio-economic sciences and the humanities
9. Space
10. Security
Euratom: Fusion energy research, nuclear fissionand radiation protection
Ten themes
+
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Ideas – Frontier Research (1)
Frontier Research is a key driver to innovation and economic performance
Establish European Research Council (ERC) – the first pan-European funding agency for Frontier Research
Support investigator-driven frontier research over all areas of research
European added-value through competition at European level
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Ideas – Frontier Research (2)
Budget ~ €1bn p.a. (2007-2013: €7.51 bn)
Autonomous scientific governance (Scientific Council)
Support projects of individual teams
Excellence as sole criterion
Simple, user-friendly
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More on Marie Curie Actions* Open to third-country
nationals
People – Marie Curie Actions
Initial training of researchers Marie Curie Networks*
Life-long training and career development Individual Fellowships Co-financing of regional/national/international programmes
Industry-academia pathways and partnerships Industry-Academia Knowledge–sharing Scheme*
International dimension Outgoing & Incoming International Fellowships International Cooperation Scheme Reintegration grants; Support to researcher ‘diasporas’
Specific actions Mobility and career enhancement actions Excellence awards
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Capacities – Research Capacity
1. Research infrastructures
2. Research for the benefit of SMEs
3. Regions of Knowledge
4. Research Potential
5. Science in Society
6. Coherent development of policies
7. Activities of International Cooperation
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FP7 2007-2013 ‘Cooperation’ budget
More on the budget
I. CooperationBudget
(€ million, current prices)
* Not including non-nuclear activities of the Joint Research Centre: €1 751 million
1. Health 6 1002. Food, agriculture and fisheries, and biotechnology 1 9353. Information and communication technologies 9 0504. Nanotechnologies, materials and production 3 4755. Energy 2 3506. Environment 1 8907. Transport 4 1608. Socioeconomic research 6239. Space 1 43010. Security 1 400Total 32 413
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How FP7 and CIP complement each other
Complementary and mutually reinforcing actions
Competitiveness and dissemination remain key elementsof FP7
Designed to operate side by side in support of Lisbon objectives
Close coordination
FP7: Dissemination of knowledge and innovation-
related activities (within projects)
CIP: Innovation support networks and take-up of
proven technologies
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How FP7 and CIP complement each other
• Networks providing innovation support services
• Within projects
• In thematic areas
• Dissemination of knowledge
CIPFP7-RTD
• Innovation clusters• Research-driven clusters• Regions
• Risk capital (start-up and expansion)
• SMEs guarantee facility
• SMEs loan securitisation
• ‘Risk Sharing Finance Facility’ for large European RTD projects and infrastructures (with EIB)
• Access to finance
• Actions promoting SMEs’ participation in FP7
• Simplification• Definition of thematic
content• Specific schemes for
SMEs
• SMEs’ participation in Research
• Take-up of proven technologies: environmental, ICT and energy-efficiency
• Research, technological development and demonstration
• Funding of projects
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Energy
Objective
Transforming the current fossil-fuel-based energy systeminto a more sustainable one based on a diverse portfolioof energy sources and carriers combined with enhanced energy efficiency, to address the pressing challenges of security of supply and climate change, whilst increasing the competitiveness of Europe’s energy industries
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Hydrogen and fuel cells
Renewable electricity generation
Renewable fuel production
CO2 capture and storage technologies for zero-emission
power generation
Smart energy networks
Energy savings and energy efficiency
Knowledge for energy policy-making
Clean coal technologies
Renewables for heating and cooling
Energy
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Seventh Framework Programme: Objectives and activities
Fusion Fission TOTAL
EuratomIndirect actions 1 077
EuratomDirect ActionsJRC
233
Total 1 310
FP7 Euratom 2012-2013 (current prices)
Fusion Fission TOTAL
EuratomIndirect actions 1947 287 2 234
EuratomDirect ActionsJRC
517
Total 2 751
FP7 Euratom 2007-2011 (current prices)
Return to main presentation
€ million
953 124
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Euratomnuclear fission & radiation protection
Objective
Establishing a sound scientific & technical basis in orderto accelerate practical developments for the safer management of long-lived radioactive waste, promoting safer, more resource-efficient and competitive exploitation of nuclear energy and ensuring a robust and socially acceptable system of protection of man and the environment against the effects of ionising radiation.
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Geological disposal of long-lived radioactive waste
Operational safety of existing and future reactor systems
Support for infrastructures and the retaining of competences and know-how in all areas of nuclear science
Radiological terrorist threats
Reducing toxicity of radioactive waste through
partitioning & transmutation
Risks from exposure to ionising radiation – especially medical uses and low doses
Potential of innovative reactor concepts
Euratomnuclear fission & radiation protection
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EuratomFusion Energy Research
Objective
Developing the knowledge base for, and realising ITERas the major step towards, the creation of prototype reactors for power stations which are safe, sustainable, environmentally responsible, and economically viable
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Realisation of ITER
Technology activities inpreparation of DEMO
Human resources, education and training
R&D activities forthe longer term
R&D in preparationof ITER operation
Infrastructures
EuratomFusion Energy Research
Return to main presentation
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La I+D pública a nivel de la UE representa cerca del 6% del total de UE 25 La I+D en Energía a nivel de la UE representa alrededor del 12% del total de UE 25 La I+D en Fusión a nivel UE representa 100% del total Cerca del 25% de la I+D pública en renovables se hace al nivel de la UE La I+D en el area de combustibles fosiles desarrollada por el sector publico es despreciable en comparación con el sector privado
I+D EN ENERGIA EN LA UE
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Nuevos instrumentos para una I+D+I mas eficiente
Plataformas Tecnologicas
Iniciativas Tecnológicas Conjuntas (JTI)
Modelo ITER de cooperacion Internacional
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European Technology Platforms
Industry-Driven, Competitiveness-Focused
European Technology Platforms – Concept:
Stakeholders, led by industry, get together to define a Strategic Research Agenda on a number of strategically important issues with high societal relevance where achieving Europe’s future growth, competitiveness and sustainable objectives is dependent upon major research and technological advances in the medium to long term.
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European Technology Platforms
Bottom-Up Approach with Industry in Lead
Wide Stakeholder Involvement
Flexibility: No ‘One Size Fits All’
EU Role: Facilitating and Guiding but not Leading or Owning
Majority of Strategic Research Agendas, where Appropriate, Taken into Account in Thematic Priorities of FP7
Minority of Strategic Research Agendas Identified through Dialogue with Industry as Potential ‘Joint Technology Initiatives’
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FP7 - ENERGY
CO2 capture and storage technologies for zero emission power generation
CO2 capture and storage technologies for zero emission power generation
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Commission H/FC Project Team(Inter-service Group)
Advisory Council
(incl. Executive Group)
Deployment Strategy
(incl. policy framework)
Strategic Research Agenda
Regs, codes &
standards
Education & training
Public awareness
(…)
Member States’ Mirror Group
TP SecretariatInformation OfficeIT Support Service
Steering Panels :
Initiative Groups :
H2/ FC TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM
PLATFORM OPERATIONS
New and on-going projects and initiatives (EC + MS national, regional and local)
HLG Vision
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
(Bi-)annual Technology Platform Forum
Finance and
Business
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Joint Technology Initiatives
May take the form of joint undertakings – Article 171 of the Treaty
‘The Community may set up joint undertakingsor any other structure necessary for the efficient execution of
Community research, technological development and demonstration programmes’
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Joint Technology Initiatives
Identification criteria include:
Added value of European-level intervention
Degree and clarity of definition of objective
Strength of commitment from industry
Scale of impact on industrial competitiveness and growth
Importance of contribution to broader policy objectives
Capacity to attract additional national supportand leverage industry funding
Inability of existing instruments to achieve objective
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Joint Technology Initiatives
Firmly anchored in themes of the Cooperation Programme
In fields of major European public interest
Six fields envisaged at this stage Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Aeronautics and Air Traffic Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Innovative Medicines Embedded Computing Systems Nanoelectronics
Other fields possible subsequentlyReturn to main presentation
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The ITER project
-A new way to address, through International Cooperation, major Scientific Challenges
-Seven international parties, in an unprecedented 35 year agreement for a total cost of 10 Billion euros to build and operate the ITER Research reactor, sited in Europe
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Shield
Magnet System
Vacuum Vessel
Person
ITER
Divertor
30 m
24 m
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Towards a European Strategic Energy Technology Plan
Structural weaknesses in the energy innovation system
Long lead times Locked-in infrastructure investment Market failure (‘Stern Report’) Dominant actors and network connection challenges Scattered and un-coordinated market incentives (e.g. innovation
programmes) Reduction of Energy research funds Scattered, fragmented and sub-critical capacities Strong international competition and weak cooperation
« Business as usual » is not an option, we must change the way we produce, distribute and use energy
The development of technology is a key driver for putting our energy system on a sustainable path
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Towards a European Strategic Energy Technology Plan
Annual investment by Commission of €1 billion between 2007 and 2013 in energy technology research and innovation.
The EU must act jointly and urgently: Higher cooperation between Member States and with industry,
TPs only a small part of the solution Find the right balance between competition and international
cooperation Adapt policy instruments to technology needs: “Different Horses
for different courses” Mobilise more resources to accelerate market deployment of the
key promising technologies.
The process starts now. First SET plan to be adopted by end of 2007 after open consultation
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The Strategic Energy Technology Plan(2)
The Strategic Energy Technology Plan must embrace not only research and innovation, but also the policy framework required to encourage business to deliver the low-emission technologies of the future.
In addition to confirming the diversified portfolio strategy for the short-medium term, the Plan will need to identify those 'strategic' technologies for which it is vital that Europe as a whole finds a different and better way of mobilising resources to accelerate their development and deployment – large-scale, integrated European actions.
This is not a 'picking winners' approach, but a recognition that different technologies within the portfolio face different challenges and barriers and are likely to be brought to commercialisation with different time horizons. In this respect, it is crucial that we do not focus exclusively on near-to-market technologies to achieve short-term policy goals.
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Thanks for your attention