Fox V enturi Products ...since 1961 Bulletin 052 Solids Conveying Eductors Air and Steam Jet Ejectors Liquid Eductors Vapor Recovery Ejectors Sampling/Mini-Eductors Sonic Chokes & ∆P V enturi Flowmeters Cavitating Venturies FOX VALVE DEVELOPMENT CORP Dover, NJ 07801USA973.328.1011 Website: www.foxvalve.com
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Thanks for visiting the Fox website and for downloading thisgeneral brochure on Fox’s product line and capabilities. Fox has been supplying a broad range of venturi eductors, ejec-tors, and flow control products since 1961. Our roots as amanufacturer of rocket engine hardware in the 1960’s giveFox a forty year history of designing and building high perfor-mance venturi hardware.
Eliminating the rotary airlock, left, with a venturi eductor,right, permits product feed without moving parts -
maintenance-free conveying.
Fox Eductors are often used to replace rotary airlocks forpneumatic transport of solids, resulting in much lesscomplicated systems with no maintenance, no blowback, noseals or bearings, no safety hazard, and one less motor starterto install.
Fox Solids-Conveying Eductors
Since 1963, Fox has supplied thousands of venturi eductors forconveying hundreds of different powders, pellets, and bulk solids. They are used in dilute phase, positive conveyingsystems. They provide dust-free, maintenance-free conveyingwith no blowback and no moving parts. They are used as amaintenance-free alternative to rotary airlocks, bucket eleva-tors, flexible screw conveyors, or dense phase systems. Please
request our published list of 2600 exisying installations.
Conveying Powders and Bulk Solids WithNo Moving Parts
Eliminating Rotary Airlocks fromPneumatic Conveying Systems
• No Maintenance• No Blow-Back • Use Air at 3 - 14 psig• Minimal Product Degradation
3
Fox eductors are installed beneath other solids processingequipment because, by creating suction at the product inlet,they enable dust-free material conveying systems. They arecommonly installed beneath:
• Baghouses/Dust Collectors• Volumetric and Loss-in-Weight Screw Feeders• Screener/Classifier Outlets• Mixers, Grinders, and Mills• Bulk-Bag Unloaders• Bins and Hoppers
Why are eductors used in pneumatic conveying systems? • Fox Venturi Eductors have no moving parts - permitsmaintenance-free feeding of bulk solids.
• No Blowback - All rotary airlocks have blowback. If theproduct is fine or abrasive, blowback can cause extreme wearand fugitive dust problems. These are eliminated after a retrofitto Fox eductors.
• 24/7 Reliability - If you need 24/7 reliability in your plant,then maintenance-free conveying, with no moving parts, is theright solution.
• No mechanical shearing - Eductors have none of theshearing, smearing or degradation of product common withrotary airlocks. And, of course, safety is simply not a concernwith Fox eductors.
What products have been conveyed with Fox Eductors? Just about everything. Here’s a real short A-Z:Alumina, Bentonite, Cement, Dolomite, EAF Dust, Foundry
Dust, Glass Powder, Hydrated Lime, Iron Oxide, Kaolin, Lactose,Malt, Nuts, Oats, Perlite, Rice, Salt, Toner, Urea, Vermiculite,Whey, Yeast, ZeoliteFor more information:• Request or download any of 60 published Case Studies that
may be relevent to your application;• Request our Published list of 2600 ExistingInstallations
Under Dust CollectorsOne of the most commonapplications for Fox eductors istheir installationunder dustcollectors,replacing screwconveyors andairlocks with a better solution with no dust or moving parts.One blower can simultaneously drive many Fox eductors.
Some applications require that a pneumatic conveying testbe conducted No testing is necessary for Fox to accuratelypredict eductor system performance with hundreds of differentproducts forwhich wealready havedata andexperience.However, cohe-sive, poorlyflowing, oddly-shaped, orfragile materialsoften requiretesting. The Foxtest rig contains1”, 2”, 3”, and 4”
lines, withadjustable piperuns up to 250ft long.
Fox’s test rig isavailablefor run-ning pneumaticconveying trialswith unusualmaterials or whendegradation trialsmust be run tode-terminewhether afragilematerialcan be conveyedwith acceptablelevels of productdamage.
Eductor/Blower SystemsIntegrated Blower/Eductor Systems withany Additional Equipment to meet your Pneumatic Conveying RequirementsFox supplies over 400 blowers per year to our customers as partof integrated, guaranteed eductor conveying systems. Inaddition to supplying blowers, Fox will also supply additionalequipment to ensure that our eductors work properly in yoursystem. This includes, but is not limited to:
• Coolers, Dryers, or Pre-Heaters• HEPA and other Filters• Controls, Motor Starters, Limit Switches• Special Inlet Hoppers and Transitions• Cyclones and Dust collectors
Shown below are some examples of the type of equipment we supply along with our venturi eductors:
A small Rotron blower provides air at 3 psig to drive a Foxeductor located under a screener at a plastic compounder.Eductors have been used by plastic compoundes since 1963 toeliminate angelhair and fines from their product, and tofacilitate quick color changes.
Fox supplied this bagdump hopper assembly,which includes a hopperwith hinged, grated lid;shut-off valve, safety dis-connects, and a blower(not shown.)
Fox supplied the threemajor components of the sub-system shown atright, which have beenin service for over ten
years. A three inch fullysanitary, USDA-approvedeductor conveys non-dairy creamer at about3000 lbs/hr from a spraydryer. The air is providedby a small blowerrunning at 3 psig and iscooled to below 60 ° F bythe cooler Fox suppliedwith the system. Fox hasinstalled hundreds of eductors beneath spray dryers handling milk powders andother materials.
Fox liquid-driveneductors use motiveliquids to entrain,
mix and pump liq-uids, slurries, or gases using nomoving parts. Unlike pumps, they have no seals, packing, or bearings and aretherefore ideal for pumping corrosive,hazardous, abrasive,
or toxic fluids. Re-quiring no maintenance, they are perfect for use in remote or difficult-to-reach applica-tions. Fox Valve specializes in supplying highly engineered liquid eductors for use in demand-ing, corrosive, or OEM applications whereinexpensive, cast eductors are not adequate.
• No Moving PartsEductors are reliable, with no seals or
packing to leak. They are maintenance-free.
• Vacuum up to 25” Hg ( 0,15 bara)Eductors are capable of pulling deep vacuum, and can be used to lift liquids 20 - 25 ft (7 m)
• Rugged and Easy to OperateEductors are self-priming and can be installed in any position. They can ingest small particulates and slurries without damage.
• Cost-EffectiveSince there are only two main components in aneductor, initial cost is low compared to other mechanical equipment, especially when exotic materials are required.
Stock (Off-the-Shelf) Eductors To accomodate the above broad range of applications, Foxmanufactures a diverse family of standard liquid eductors tomeet industry’s requirements. Fox maintains an inventory of off-the-shelf liquid eductors to meet standard industrialapplications. These can be easily and quickly custom-modified, if necessary, to serve as prototypes towards thedevelopment of optimized production eductors for OEM
Fox Liquid Operated Eductors
Motive
Suction
DischargeThis flow rate must be constant.
This pressure must belower than half the
motive pressure
Can be controlled/ reduced with a needle or control valve.
5
Fig. 8
Sump Eductors, or Primary Pump Back-up
Eductors are commonly used to empty sumps, bilges, drains,and tanks.
Making Solutions with Concentrates/ Acid Dilution; Additive Injection Thousands of Fox eductors are in use sucking concentrates,and additives from drums and containers and injecting theminto a main liquid line to create solutions of known concentra-tion. By eliminating a pump, eductors make for much morereliable dilution systems when handling corrosives, toxic, orhazardous fluids.
• No Moving Parts Fox Air Jet ejectors have no moving parts. No shafts, no motorstarters, no seals, no maintenance. Their rugged constructionand simplicity of design enables operation in nasty, corrosive,dusty, or high-temperature environments.
• Eliminating Blowers or Fans in Corrosive, Explosive, Toxic, or Dusty Applications Ejectors eliminate the need for blowers or fans with XP motors,
Teflon-coated blades, or other very expensive blower optionsthat add enormously to cost but still don't protect the blowerfrom intermittant failure.
• Air Ejectors Don't Need Compressed Air The majority of ejector applications we see at Fox do notrequire use of compressed air at 50-100 psig to accomplish theneeded gas handling. Using existing compressed air to drivesmall ejectors 1" and under. or those that run intermittantly,makes sense. However, continuously operating air ejectors thatmust vent or exhaust from a process can often be run by asmall blower running at 3 - 4 psig, which can, if desired, belocated far from the corrosive, explosive, or dusty location of the ejector. Ask Fox.
• Reliability If you need 24/7 reliability, lower installed cost, and reducedmaintenance, use ejectors for your demanding gas handlingapplications.
• Availability Fox stocks a range of standard air ejectors in 1/4" - 3" line sizes.
for: • Venting Hot,Corrosive, Explosive or Dusty Gasses
• Sampling Stack or Process Streams for Analayzers • Mixing or Diluting Gasses • Creating Vacuum to 1 psia
Fox Venturi ejectors have been used to replace blowers andfans in gas-handling applications since 1961. With no movingparts, Fox ejectors can provide reliable, maintenance-free gashandling or sampling in applications where the alternative of using a blower or fan is both unreliable and unreasonablyexpensive.Off-the-Shelf Ejectors to 3"Fox stocks a range of air ejectors in 1/4" to 3" line sizes (6 - 75mm) in c-s, ss, and PVC, that can ship in just a few days forhandling simple applications. Custom-built air ejectors forcreating deeper vacuum, in line sizes up to 42", or in materialslike Teflon, monel, titanium,or Hastelloy, can ship in 4 - 8 weeks,depending on complexity.
Manufactured In-House at Fox ValveFox manufactures our ejectors in-house, enabling us toprovide expedited delivery for standard, specially modified, orcustom-built ejectors. It is the integration of engineeringexpertise AND in-house manufacturing under one roof whichmakes Fox..
Fox stocks a range of air ejectors in 1/4" to 3" line sizes (6 - 75
mm) in c-s, ss, and PVC, that can ship in just a few days forhandling simple applications described. Custom-built airejectors for creating deeper vacuum, in line sizes up to 42", orin materials like Teflon, monel, titanium,or Hastelloy, can ship in4 - 8 weeks, depending on complexity.
Fox Mini-Eductors can be used with either liquids or gasses toeliminate or replace small pumps or fans in gas or liquid-handling applications. Fox has been providing thousands of mini-eductors each year for over thirty years for a huge rangeof industrial applications.What's in a name? Industry uses many different names for theproducts we supply as Fox Mini-Eductors. These includeaspirators, vacuum-generators, mixing tees, venturi vacuumpumps, and sampling jets
Fox offers a range of off-the-shelf mini-eductors in a
variety of materials and capacities that can handle moststraightforward sampling, mixing, and vacuum applications. These are described in detail in our Bulletin 401 - available fromour website or by request via [email protected].
Stock units are available 316 stainless, brass, Teflon,and CPVC. They can also be easily provided in Monel,Hastelloy, PVDF, and any other machinable metal. Standardend connections are NPT threads.
Shown at rightare some stan-dard and specialMini-eductors ina variety of ma-terials, includingbrass, 316 ss,TFE, and CPVC.Special featuresinclude one withtwo suctin ports,one with a spe-cial dischargeconnection,anda TFE unit armored with a protective ss sleeve.
A complete range of stock Mini-Eductorsavailable for shipment in 1 - 2 days to meet your Sampling, Aspirating,Vacuum-Generation , and Mixing needs:
Stock Mini-Eductors
Typical applications: Fox Mini-eductors have been usedin every conceivable application. Here is a selection of typical
application:Handling Gasses:• Sampling - For aspirating stack, exhaust, or process gasses
directly to analyzers.• Removing hot gasses - Exhausting gasses up to 1400 °F from
reactors, vessels, kilns, furnaces.• Venting high-purity gasses - Common in semi-conductor mfg; all-Teflon or high-purity ss mini-eductors are used.• Venting corrosive or dusty gasses - Removing gasses such as
phosgene and acid vapors during chemical processes• Creating vacuum for suction-cup hold-down.
• Pump priming - Air conditioning start-ups,• Mixing - Sucking in additives or concentrates to create
chemical solutions• Sump Pumping - Emptying small sumps and catch basins in
plants, vehicles, hard-to-reach places.
Fox manufacturers three basic models of stock Mini-eductorsthat are always available in brass and 316 ss. The largest size isalso always available in an all-Teflon/Viton unit. Dimensions of these stock mini-eductors are roughly as shown below:
Customized/Production Mini-Eductors
for OEM ApplicationsSince 1961, Fox Valve Development ( Development IS ourmiddle name) has produced venturi eductors optimized foruse in OEM applications. These range from analyzer/instru-mentation/sampling systems to emptying oil sumps onlocomotives and drilling equipment, and high-purity vaporremoval in semiconductor manufacturing processes.
Stock Fox Mini-eductors can usually be quickly modified toprovide a ‘proof-of-concept’ test version, which may befollowed by a few, slightly different prototypes. These arefollowed by development prototypes and then, productionhardware, Customized mini-eductors, bought in quantity withan annual blanket order, can cost the same as quantity pur-chases of our stock, off-the-shelf mini-eductors. Can cansupply whatever material of construction, end connections,special mounting geometry, weight reduction, or specialfeatures you require.
Many thousands of Fox mini-eductors are in service pullingsamples from process gas streams, stacks, and vents. Fox hasbeen supplying mini-eductors to OEM manufacturers of analyzers and integrators of instrumentation systems since the1960’s, as well as directly to end users setting up their owninstrumentation system s.
A typical installation looks approximately as shown below. Thesample line is typically 1/4” or 3/8”
A typical installation looks approximately as shown below. Thesample line is typically 1/4” or 3/8”
How Much Air Do They Use?
Motive Air Pressure 40 psig 60 psig 80 psig
P/N 611210-060 2.7 SCFM 3.7 4.7
“ -030 0.7 SCFM 1.0 1.3
“ -015 0.17 SCFM 0.23 0.30
How Much Shut-Off Vacuum Can they Pull?
Motive Air Pressure 40 psig 60 psig 80 psig
P/N 611210-060 15 “Hg vac. 23” 24”
“ -030 12 “Hg vac. 20” 22”
“ -015 5 “Hg vac. 9” 10”
What sample flow rate can they handle?
Approximate Suction/Sample Gas Flow Rate with:Sample Gas: Air at 70 ° FEductor Discharge Pressure = 0 psig
Motive Air Pressure 40 psig 60 psig 80 psig:
P/N 611210-060 200 SCFH 210 200
“ -030 50 SCFH 50 50
“ -015 15 SCFH 18 18
Below we present some basic, general data on what air flowrates our stock mini-eductors can handle when discharging to0 psig. Many different factors will have an effect on whatsample flow rate you can expect through a mini-eductor inyour application, including - but not limited to :
• Sample gas temperature• Sample gas composition, MW• Diameter and length of sample gas line• Motive gas temperature
• Eductor Discharge Piping
Mixing, Pumping, BlendingConcentrates with Liquid-DrivenFox Mini-Eductors
How Much Motive Water Do They Use?
Motive Air Pressure 40 psig 60 psig 80 psig
P/N 611210-093 1.6 GPM 2 2.3
“ -060 0.8 GPM 1.0 1.1
Liquids likewater, hydraulicoil, and refriger-ants are used todrive Fox mini-eductors fora wide variety of industrialapplications : emptyingsumps and catchbasins in heard-to-reach places; handling
caustic or corrosive fluids, or mixingsmall solutions by sucking in additives or concentrates.
Since 1961, Fox critical flownozzles, also called sonicchokes, have been used to
maintain stable gas flowrates in systems where main-taining stable, accurate gasflow rates is essential tooverall system performance.By establishing a shock wavein the venturi, the sonicchoke establishes fixed flowrates unaffected by ∆ P or anyfluctuations, surges, orchanges in downstreampressure.
With no moving parts, sonicchokes provide the simplestand most reliable way toregulate gas flows. This isparticularly true when highpressure, high temperature,cryogenic, explosive, or highpurity gasses need to be
regulated.
How does Pressure Drop Affect Flow? It doesn't. As long as discharge pressure is below about 90% of upstream pressure (in psia), back-pressure has absolutely noeffect on flow rate. Pressure/Temp Rating? Up to 15,000 psig. Fox chokes are ideal with cryogenic gassesand are the best way to regulate hot gasses up to 1800 ° F. Accuracy? Fox sonic chokes can be calibrated to ± 0.25% traceable to NIST.Line Size? Available in 1/8” - 42” line sizes.Materials? Any machinable metal or plastic can be specified. 316 ss, brass,titanium, Monel, Teflon.
Fig. 1
Fox Sonic Chokes/Critical Flow for Maintaining Stable, Repeatable, Accurate Gas Flow Rates with No MovingParts, Unaffected by∆ P Fox Valve has supplied SonicChokes - also called Laval nozzlesor critical flow venturies, since1961. They are used to maintainfixed, constant gas flow rates withno moving parts.
Typical Applications
Simplying Gas Flow Control Systems
There are two different approaches to maintaining fixed,constant flow rates into your process, engine, or vessel:
a) The expensive, complicated, 1960’s way that includes:1) Flow meter +2) Flow Control Valve +3) PLC control - that senses flow rate rate from flowmeter
and constantly adjusts control valve. Sound cheap andreliable to you?
a) The elegant, inexpensive, lightweight way that includes:1) Inlet pressure regulator2) Fox Sonic Choke
Dense Phase Conveying Systems
CompressorFox Sonic
Choke
DensePhasePressureVessel
Convey Line
PressureRegulator
Fox has supplied hundreds of sonic chokes, in both fixed andadjustable versions, for precise regulation of air flow rates intodense phase pneumatic conveying systems.
Regulating Sample Flow Rates to Analayzers
< 12.5psia
GasAnalyzer
To Vacuum Pump14.7
psia
Fox Sonic Choke
Hundreds of instrumentation systems use small Fox chokes in1/4” - 1/2” lines to regulate sample flow rates being pulledthrough an analyzer - often by a Fox mini-eductor.9
Establish Uniform, Repeatable, Stable Flow RatesThrough Multiple Lines from a Manifold, Header,or Vessel
Many processes requirethat multiple lines emergefrom a single place, like aheader or vessel, and thatthe gas flow rates througheach of the multiple linesbe identical. This isextremely easy to accom-plish by installing identical
Fox Sonic chokes on eachline.
Installation of identical sonic chokes in each branchensures identical gas flow rates through all lines.
Fox steam jet vacuum systems are available from single stagestock units operating at low vacuums to custom-designed fivestage systems capable of high vacuum levels to 0.1 Torr.Suction sizes ranging from 1” to 72” diameter are our specialty.Units machined from bar stock to fabricated ejectors, shell-and-tube surface and direct-contact condensers are just part of ourengineering expertise. Fox multi-stage vacuum systems are inservice maintaining vacuum on towers and reactors in theprocess industries. Installations include vegetable oildeodorziers, distillation processes, evaporators, andcrystallizers, to name a few,.
Fox thermocompressors are steam jet ejectors used to boostlow pressure steam up to a higher, usable pressure. Thermocompressors are ideal for reclamation of low pressurewaste steam and condensate flash. Fox has supplied hun-dreds for inclusion in food and chemical evaporators, desalin-ization systems, nd typical vapor compression applications.Although most operate within a vacuum, many aredesigned tocover a rangefrom vacuum to apositive pressure.
Rapid cooling of food products being cooked in jacketedkettles or retorts is possible using Fox ejector systems,
typically three stage systems with two inter-condesors. In atypical application, product can go from 200 ° F to 35 ° F in 15- 20 minutes.
Three 20” Fox thermocompressors beinginstalled at a tomato sauce plant in Canada.
A Fox single stage steam titanium ejector, with heat-tracing and insulation.
A three-stage ejector system providesrapid cooling of soups or saucescooked in an agitated, jacketed kettle.
A Fox skid-mounted, three-stagecombination ( hybrid) systemincludes a liquid-ring vacuum pump ( LRVP) intended for use in the chemical industry. The turnkey package includescontrosl and valves.
Fox Steam Ejectors/Vacuum Syste Single and Multi-Stage Steam Jet Ejector s
• Performance: Our powerful, proprietarycomputer models can predict, with goodaccuracy, the ability of a given motiveflow of H2, steam, air, methane or othergas to entrain and compress a second-ary gas stream. T
• Materials and End Connections: Fox canprovide ejectors in any machinablemetal.
• Size and Weight: Fox can supply hydrogen,steam, or air ejectors in line sizes from 1/8” - 16” ( 3 mm to 400 mm). Like theequipment we have supplied forspacecraft, weight reduction can bespecified as a major design consider-ation.
Fox venturi ejectors have been used in fuel cells since 1985.
As a supplier of hydrogen venturies for rockets and airbornelasers since the 1970’s, it has made perfect sense for fuel cellproducers to rely on Fox’s engineering and manufacturingexpertise to develop the unique venturi products required forfuel cell commercialization.
Our in-house production capabilities coupled with ourresponsive engineering team, enables Fox to quickly design,build, and ship prototype and development equipment, usuallyin a matter of days or weeks. Once the design has been final-ized, Fox can then supply production hard- ware. If the venturimust be bundled in a compact, light-weight assembly withother flow controls, or with exhaustive qualification testing, Foxmay choose to supply the ejectors in partnership with anotherNJ valve company. There is no level of qualification, documenta-tion, or testing that we can’t meet.
Fox Ejectors in Fuel Cellsfor H 2 Management, Recirculation; also
Methane, Steam, etc
Fox ejectors can be designed to use motive hydrogen,steam, air, or any other gas to compress the ‘suction’ gasflow to a higher pressure.
Motive: Hydrogen,
Steam,Air or
Other Gas Suction
Discharge
Fox Ejectors on Off-ShGas Platformsfor Vapor Recovery of Natural Gas w
No Moving Parts
Gas production and processing facilities are now takingaggressive steps to reduce emmissions. Gas that previouslywould have been flared or vented must now be reclaimed. Theremote location of both on-shore and off-shore productionsites mandates that vapor recovery systems must be ex-tremely reliable and maintenance-free. Fox venturi ejectors,using the available high pressure gas, can often be used torecompress these vapor streams , boosting pressure andenabling their return to the production process. Ejectors caneliminate the clunky vapor recovery units now in use. Foxejectors are packaged into complete skid-mounted systems byour associates at CommEngineering, in Lafayette, Louisiana.
Eliminate the maintenance, bulk, and cost of me-
chanical compressors. Replace them with mainte-nance-free Fox ejectors.
The US EPA has just completed a technology assessmentstudy of Fox ejectors when used in this application. Duringthe 6 month EPA test, they have determined Fox ejectors to be99.9% reliable and the installation studied had a payback period of 3 months. Please email Fox at [email protected] torequest this EPA report be emailed to you.
Fig. 34 Powder : Controlled feed ratefrom feeder, screw, or other
device
Fox Slurry Eductors are designed for mixing powders withliquids to form slurries or solutions. Powder feed rate mustbe regulated by a feeder, screw, or other device. Solidsconcentrations to 25% solids by weight are obtainable.Washdown hoppers may berequired for achieving highconcentrations or discharg-ing into high backpressure.Fox slurry eductors areextensively used to hydrateand blend hard-to-wet
additives such as polymerslike Carbopul, gums, guar,xanthum, andcarogeenan. RequestBulletin 106.
A Fox Sanitary Slurry Eductor assembly, includ-ing polished and ground washdown hopper,remotely actuated on/off valve, and pump is shown.Fox can provide fully sanitary skids with requiredvalves, controls, hoppers, etc.
Fig. 35
Slurry EductorsFor Mixing Powders with Liquids:
Specialized Venturi Products for R & D orProduct Development
Above is a research ejector with an adjustable motivegas flow rate. Fox has supplied many of these asresearch tools towards the evolution of an optimized production ejectors. One such effort resulted in Fox ejectors now in use on the hydrogen management system on hundreds of fuel cells.
Motive Steam
Suction Steam
Discharge
Fox Valve Development has been building uniquely engi-neered venturi hardware for 40 years. Please contact us if yourequire an unusual or custom-engineered venturi or ejector..
Please remember that a picture is worth a thousand words.When attempting to communicate a requirement for unusualventuri equipment, the best way to start is with a blank sheetof paper. Please prepare a quick sketch that shows ho youthink a venturi or ejector can be utilized in your system orprocess. Be sure the sketch includes notes regarding fluid flowrates, pressures, temperatures, and mating pipe line sizes.
Fax to us at 973-328-3651 along with a description of yourapplication.
To Receive a Quotation:Request and complete our Application Data Sheet.
Additional Technical Literature
The following materials are available upon request:
About Fox Valve …Fox Valve Development Corp. was founded in 1961 to buildhigh-performance, custom-engineered venturi controls foraerospace applications, primarily in bipropellant rocket engines.Fox's reputation in the 1960's as venturi specialists with superbin-house manufacturing soon attracted inquiries from diverseindustries seeking venturi products tailored to their needs. Our
problem-solving skills, familiarity with materials, and manufac-turing expertise led Fox into broader range of industrialapplications. One by one, standard product lines emerged aswe serviced different industries, all based on our one core
technology - venturies. These varied product lines have helpedFox grow continuously and rapidly.