Founding of the 13 Original Colonies · 9/16/2014 1 Founding of the 13 Original Colonies Colonies=Land=Power Land = Raw materials Market for finished goods Colonists = Tax revenue

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Founding of the 13 Original Colonies

Colonies=Land=Power

Land = Raw materials

Market for finished goods

Colonists = Tax revenue

Mercantilism in its purest form

Pilgrims received a charter to settle in America

Pilgrims -Separatists who left for religious freedom

Mayflower went off course

& landed in Plymouth, MA Set precedence for gov’t & culture

Mayflower Compact –Promised to obey the laws passed “for the general good of the colony”

Wrote 1st document setting up self-government in America

In the name of God, Amen. We whose names are [listed below], the

loyal subjects of our dread sovereign (authority) Lord, King James, by

the grace of God…

Having [started], for the glory of God, and advancement of the

Christian faith, and honor of our King and Country, a voyage to plant

the first colony in the northern parts of Virginia, do…in the presence

of God, and one of another, [promise] and combine our selves

together into a civil body politic (government), for our better ordering

and preservation and furtherance of the ends [mentioned above]; and

by virtue hereof to enact (pass), constitute, and frame such just and

equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions and offices, from time to

time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general

good of the Colony, unto which we promise all due submission and

obedience. In witness whereof we have hereunder subscribed our

names at Cape Cod, the eleventh of November [New Style, November

21], in the year of the reign of our sovereign lord, King James, of

England, France, and Ireland, the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-

fourth. Anno Domini 1620.

Puritans - Protestants who wanted to reform (purify) The Church of England

Received a royal charter to leave for religious freedom to practice their religion from persecution

Create a society based on the Bible

Town meetings were their democratic government Only white male church

members could vote

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1623 settled in Portsmouth Founded by fisherman for

trade and fishing

1638 - John Wheelwright

Led group of nonconformist Puritans from MA to Exeter, NH for religious freedom

Drew up Exeter Compact-based on Mayflower Compact (self government)

Founded by Roger Williams

1636 - Founded Providence

Opposed taking Native American land

Religious freedom and toleration

Founded on separation of church and state

Founded the 1st Baptist Church in America

Thomas Hooker - Puritan minister dissatisfied with MA leadership Want more freedom 1636 – led his congregation

southeast of Mass. through the wilderness

Founded Hartford & 3 years later formed a colony joining 3 towns

“The foundation of authority is laid in the free consent of the people." - Thomas Hooker

Adopted a governmental plan- Fundamental Orders of Connecticut 1st written constitution in America Extend voting rights and limit the

governor’s power

Forasmuch as it has pleased Almighty God by the wise [character] of

His Divine Providence (His Holy Wisdom) so to order and dispose of

things that we, the inhabitants and residents of Windsor, Hartford, and

Wethersfield are now cohabiting and dwelling in and upon the

Conectecotte (Conneticut) and the lands thereunto adjoining

(touching); and well knowing where a people are gathered together the

Word of God requires that, to maintain the peace and union of such a

people, there should be an orderly and decent government established

according to God, to order and dispose of the affairs of the people at

all season as occasion shall require; do therefore associate and [unite]

ourselves to be as one public state or commonwealth…As also in our

civil (political) affairs to be guided and governed according to such

laws, rules, orders, and decrees as shall be made, ordered and

decreed, as follows:

Laws, Rules, and Orders (examples)

1) …there shall be yearly two general assemblies or courts…

4) …no one person be chosen governor above once in two

years…and…be a member of the approved congregation (group)