Corruption and the criminal law By Susan Rose-Ackerman 1 Abstract The criminal law can play a back-up role in the fight against corruption. The present article discusses five aspects of the criminal law on corrup- tion. First, corruption may be reduced by legalizing some formerly illegal activities and criminalizing others. Second, penalties need to be set to achieve effective deterrence. Third, law enforcement authorities need tools such as plea-bargaining to encourage bribe payers and recipients to cooperate with authorities to uncover corruption. Fourth, corporations and other organizations need to be held responsible for the corrupt actions of their employees. Fifth, because corruption is often a side effect of organized crime activity, authorities need to design strategies to deal with this overlap. In general, the goals of law enforcement should be to determine those corrupt systems that are doing the most damage and to organize the deterrence effort to make corruption costly and to give participants an incentive to report corrupt deals. Introduction Corruption cannot be fought solely through criminal law. Too often, Govern- ments announce a crackdown on corruption and a spate of high-profile prosecutions take place, only for the problem to re-emerge soon after- wards as a new group of people takes advantage of the opportunities that remain. A serious anti-corruption effort requires the State to re-examine the relationship between government, citizens and businesses. Govern- ments may need to redesign public programmes, overhaul the public ad- ministration and the operation of the political system and become more open to outside scrutiny and input from citizens. Nevertheless, the crimi- nal law can play a role as a backstop lying behind the needed structural changes. Unfortunately, it does not always play that role, even in coun- tries where prosecutions for corruption are common. Sometimes, the 1 Henry R. Luce Professor of Law and Political Science, Yale University, and author of Corruption and Government: Causes, Consequences, and Reform (1999). Portions of this article are derived from that book. Aleksandra Sznajder provided help with the material on French and Polish law.
Forum on Crime and Society, Corruption and the criminal law
Sep 08, 2022
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Forum on Crime and Society, Corruption and the criminal law
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