Formaldehyde columns from GOME as a proxy for biogenic emissions over Europe Università degli Studi dellAquila – CETEMPS LAquila, ITALY

Formaldehyde columns from Formaldehyde columns from GOME as a proxy for biogenic GOME as a proxy for biogenic

emissions over Europeemissions over Europe

Università degli Studi dell’Aquila – CETEMPSL’Aquila, ITALY

http://cetemps.aquila.infn.it/

2nd EGU General Assembly

Vienna, April 24-29, 2005

U. L’Aquila CETEMPS

Gabriele Curci, Guido Visconti

Paul I. Palmer, Tzung-May Fu

Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling Group Harvard University

GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS

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OUTLINEOUTLINE

• European Biogenic Emissions

• Formaldehyde column over Europe as seen by GOME and GEOS-CHEM

• Inverting the GOME HCHO column for Isoprene emissions

• Conclusions and Outlook

GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS

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EUROPE FACTSHEETEUROPE FACTSHEET

Only continent where ANTHRO > BIO emissions

7% world area

• 33% forest

• 43% agriculture

• 24% other

13% population (680 mil.)

30% CO2 emissions

20% NOx and VOC

40 countries

Heavily man-shaped

Mediterranean

Continental

Cold-Arctic

[Simpson et al., JGR 1999]

GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS

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EUROPEAN BIOGENIC EMISSIONSEUROPEAN BIOGENIC EMISSIONS

Biogenic emission inventories highly uncertain: up to a factor of 5!• Many countries• Few observations• Different flora and fauna with respect to North America

• Unimportant on a global scale (7% area)

• Local importance: Mediterranean, East, Scandinavia

• Bio VOCs + anthro NOx: emission abatement strategies

NMVOC: 13 Tg yr-1

NOx: 140-1500 Tg yr-1

[Simpson et al., JGR 1995]

GEIA Emissions

GEOS-CHEM Isoprene Column in Summer

GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS

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kHCHO HCHOEVOC = _______________kVOCYieldVOCHCHO

VOC source

Distance downwind

HCHO Isoprene

-pinenepropane

100 km

VOC

HCHOhours

OH

hours

h, OH

RELATING HCHO COLUMN TO VOC EMISSIONSRELATING HCHO COLUMN TO VOC EMISSIONS

[Palmer et al., 2001, 2003]

GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS

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INVERTING GOME HCHO COLUMN FOR INVERTING GOME HCHO COLUMN FOR ISOPRENE EMISSIONSISOPRENE EMISSIONS

Exploit the fast oxidation of isoprene to mark source regions looking at its product formaldehyde (HCHO) where the biogenic emissions > other

GOME

HCHO column

340x40 km2 res.

global coverage 3

days

GOME “slant” column

GEOS-CHEM CTM model

Harvard University

[Bey et al. 2001, Martin et al. 2002]

GOME vertical column

Air Mass Factor

GOME isoprene inventory

EISOPRENE HCHO col.

[Palmer et al., 2001, 2003]

GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS

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WHAT CONTROLS HCHO COLUMN IN EUROPE?WHAT CONTROLS HCHO COLUMN IN EUROPE?

GEOS-CHEM HCHO Column in Summer

BIOGENIC CONTROL

NO ISOP NO ANTHRO/

Biogenic control of HCHO column:

• Eastern Europe

• Northern Europe

• Iberian Peninsula

• Turkey

(GEIA Emissions)

0.4 1.21

ANTHROPOGENIC CONTROL

v7-01-02

GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS

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NO CLEAR BIOGENIC SIGNATURE IN GOME HCHO NO CLEAR BIOGENIC SIGNATURE IN GOME HCHO VERTICAL COLUMN AS IN THE GEOS-CHEM MODELVERTICAL COLUMN AS IN THE GEOS-CHEM MODEL

GOME GEOS-CHEMJUL 97 r = 0.50

AUG 97 r = 0.46

GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS

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GOME HCHO COLUMN IS QUALITATIVELY CONSISTENT WITH GOME HCHO COLUMN IS QUALITATIVELY CONSISTENT WITH THE UPDATED MEGAN BIOGENIC INVENTORYTHE UPDATED MEGAN BIOGENIC INVENTORY

GOME HCHO - July 1997

MEGAN Isoprene Emissions July 2000 [Guenther et al.]

GEOS-CHEM (GEIA) Isoprene Emissions - July 1997

GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS

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HCHO/NO2 COLUMN RATIO SHOWS HCHO/NO2 COLUMN RATIO SHOWS ANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS INFLUENCEANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS INFLUENCE

NOx-sat NOx-sens

Also following indications by Martin et al., [2003]:

GOME HCHO column could be used as a proxy for isoprene emissions on Eastern Europe

GOME HCHO and NO2 data:

P. Palmer, M. Fu, R. Martin, K. Chance, T. Kurosu

GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS

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ISOPRENE EMISSIONS FROM GOME OVER EASTERN ISOPRENE EMISSIONS FROM GOME OVER EASTERN EUROPE - JULY 1997EUROPE - JULY 1997

GOME

Isoprene Emissions

Fo

rmal

deh

yde

Co

lum

n

non-isoprene contribution

GEOS-CHEM

Relationship Isoprene Emissions and HCHO Column from the model

0.4 Tg C

0.2 Tg C

GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in EuropeGabriele Curci , U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS

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CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOKCONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK• Formaldehyde column from GEOS-CHEM (GEIA) differs

from GOME over Europe• Use of GOME data as constraint on European isoprene

emissions indicates a reduction of the flux. This is consistent with recent work (e.g. MEGAN)

• To do next:– Careful estimate of the errors of the inversion method– Estimate isoprene emissions country by country for comparison

with Simpson et al. [1999]– MEGAN inventory into the model– Seasonal cycle – Asses contribution of biomass burning over Greece and South

Italy to HCHO column– Comparison of GOME HCHO with campaign data (MINOS,

FORMAT)

Gabriele Curcihttp://www.aquila.infn.it/people/Gabriele.Curci.html/

Università degli Studi dell’Aquila – CETEMPSL’Aquila, ITALY

http://cetemps.aquila.infn.it/

U. L’Aquila CETEMPS

THE ENDTHE ENDThanks for the attention!Thanks for the attention!