05/12/2014 1 Prof. Dr. Ir. Cecep Kusmana, MS This approach help achieve a balance between human needs and those of biodiversity by restoring a range of forest functions within a landscape and accepting the trade-off that result Forest Landscape Restoration “Planned process that aims to regain ecological integrity and enhance human will-being in deforested or degraded landscapes” • “a state of ecosystem develpoment that is characteristic of its geographic location, containing a full range of native species and supportive processes that are present in viabel numbers” (keseimbangan stabilitas) ECOLOGICAL INTEGRITY • “the factors that make human like comfortable, such as money, peace, health, stability, and equable governance” WELL-BEING Ecological Integrity and Well-being FULLFILING VARIOUS GOODS AND SERVICES SITE-BASED APPROACH ECOREGION (BROAD SCALE APPROACH) MULTIPLE NEEDS (Getting The Right Mix between Social and Environmental needs Needs Different Management Approach Different types forest (natural forest to plantation) Non-timber forest products Other land uses ECOREGION ECOREGION LANDSCAPE Site Site Site LANDSCAPE Site Site Site ECOREGION “Large area of land or water that contains a geographically district assemblage of natural communities that share a large majority of the species and ecological dynamics, share similar environmental conditions and interact ecologically in ways that are critically for long-term persistence”
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05/12/2014
1
Prof. Dr. Ir. Cecep Kusmana, MS
This approach help achieve a balance between human needs and those of
biodiversity by restoring a range of forest functions within a landscape and accepting the trade-off that result
Forest Landscape Restoration “Planned process that aims to regain
ecological integrity and enhance human will-being in deforested or degraded
landscapes”
• “a state of ecosystem develpoment that is characteristic of its geographic location, containing a full range of native species and supportive processes that are present in viabel numbers” (keseimbangan stabilitas)
ECOLOGICAL INTEGRITY
• “the factors that make human like comfortable, such as money, peace, health, stability, and equable governance” WELL-BEING
Ecological Integrity and Well-being
FULLFILING VARIOUS GOODS AND SERVICES
SITE-BASED APPROACH
ECOREGION (BROAD SCALE
APPROACH)
MULTIPLE NEEDS (Getting The Right Mix between Social and Environmental needs
Needs Different Management Approach
Different types forest (natural forest to plantation) Non-timber forest products Other land uses
ECOREGION
ECOREGION
LANDSCAPE
Site Site Site
LANDSCAPE
Site Site Site
ECOREGION “Large area of land or water that contains a geographically district assemblage of natural communities that share a large majority of the species and ecological dynamics, share similar environmental conditions and interact ecologically in ways that are critically for long-term persistence”
05/12/2014
2
PROSES KEGIATAN PENAMBANGAN
PEMBERSIHAN
LAHAN DARI
TANAMAN
YANG ADA DI
PERMUKAAN
TANAH
PEMINDAHAN
MATERIAL
YANG
MENUTUPI
BAHAN
TAMBANG
(TANAH PUCUK
DAN
OVERBURDEN)
PENGAMBILAN
BAHAN
TAMBANG
MENUTUP
KEMBALI
LUBANG
GALIAN
DENGAN
OVERBURDEN
MENEBARKAN
TANAH PUCUK
PENANAMAN
KEMBALI
Disarikan dari buku Teknik Silvikultur untuk Reklamasi Lahan Bekas tambang (Mansur 2010)
05/12/2014
3
Pencemaran udara oleh debu yang dihasilkan
Erosi, sedimentasi, dan pencemaran air oleh aliran air
permukaan
Penurunan kuantitas dan
kualitas air tanah
Perubahan bentang darat
Lahan bekas tambang yang ditinggalkan
(terdegrdasi, tidak produktif, marjinal)
PENANGANAN LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG
Reklamasi
lahan bekas tambang
1. Lahan Produktif (Hutan, Lahan
pertanian, padang
penggembalaan, dll.)
2. Kawasan konservasi
biodiversitas
Disarikan dari buku Teknik Silvikultur untuk Reklamasi Lahan Bekas tambang (Mansur 2010)
PERMASALAHAN REKLAMASI LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG
LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG
Fisik lahan buruk:
• Berlereng
• Genangan
• WHC rendah
Kimia lahan buruk:
• Kesuburan tanah
rendah
• Hara makro rendah,
hara mikro tinggi
• Miskin bahan organik
tanah
• pH, KTK rendah
Biologis lahan buruk:
• Total mikroba tanah
rendah
Genangan Genangan
Lereng
Pasir
sumber: http://qqwebster.files.wordpress.com
PENANAMAN JENIS TANAMAN
PENUTUP TANAH
TEKNIK PENANAMAN LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG
TEKNIK PENANAMAN
LBB
PENATAAN LAHAN
AMELIORASI TANAH
PENANAMAN JENIS POHON
PIONEER
PENANAMAN JENIS POHON
SEMI TOLERAN/ TOLERAN
PENANAMAN DENGAN BENIH
LANGSUNG
PENANAMAN DENGAN TEKNIK HIDRO-SEEDING
PEMELIHARAAN TANAMAN
EVALUIASI KEBERHASILAN
Disarikan dari buku Teknik Silvikultur untuk Reklamasi Lahan Bekas tambang (Mansur 2010)
Penataan lahan Ameliorasi tanah
(pemberian kompos) Penanaman tanaman
penutup tanah
Penanaman jenis pohon pionir
Penanaman jenis pohon unggulan (semi toleran/toleran)