CORRESPONDENCE Zhanel Sailibayeva [email protected] © 2016 Almaganbetov et al. Open Access terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) apply. The license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, on the condition that users give exact credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if they made any changes. Introduction The concept of “corruption” from the point of view of commonplace sense tends to be broadly interpreted. The legal interpretation has special features that allow differentiating corruption from other related concepts. Such duality of approaches to understanding the seriousness of corruption has its socio-economic, political, legal, historical and cultural origins (Rose-Ackerman & Palifka, 2013; Guerber, Rajagoplan & Anand, 2016). For centuries, the civilizational processes, transforming from local to global, introduced their particular understanding of corruption by the society (Jain, 2012; Robinson, 2012; Persson, Rothstein & Foreign Experience of Formation of Anti-Corruption Strategies Pernebay Almaganbetov a , Elmira Kenzhibekova a , Teimuraz Khvedelidze a , Saliman Buranbayeva a , and Zhanel Sailibayeva a a Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abay, Almaty, KAZAKHSTAN. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL & SCIENCE EDUCATION 2016, VOL. 11, NO. 15, 8507-8516 OPEN ACCESS ABSTRACT Corruption is the main obstacle on the way toward state’s economic and political growth. Corrupt practices are one of the oldest forms of crime that arose with an appearance of nationhood. Nowadays, corruption harms the economies of developing countries that are undergoing a process of an economic model transformation. Kazakhstan is among these countries. In order to form an effective policy to fight against corruption in Kazakhstan, it is necessary to study and generalize the experience of developed and developing countries. This paper studies the attitude of society towards manifestations of corruption, on the example of the countries of Asia, Africa, Europe and Latin America. Scientific researches on the problem of corruption practices were considered in the article. Corruption is the main limiting factor on the way toward reforming the state. At this time, social movements counteract corruption in developing countries. This article summarizes the problems of corrupt practices in developing countries, which would help to develop an effective program to fight against corruption in further researches. KEYWORDS ARTICLE HISTORY Asian model of corruption, economics, non-governmental organizations, fight against corruption, punitive policy Received 11 November 2015 Revised 10 May 2016 Accepted 22 July 2016
Foreign Experience of Formation of Anti-Corruption Strategies
Jul 06, 2023
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