Forces Forces Types of Forces Types of Forces Effects of Forces Effects of Forces Gravity, Mass and Weight Gravity, Mass and Weight Newton’s Laws Newton’s Laws Freefall Freefall
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ForcesForces
Types of ForcesTypes of Forces
Effects of ForcesEffects of Forces
Gravity, Mass and WeightGravity, Mass and Weight
Newton’s LawsNewton’s Laws
FreefallFreefall
What is force?What is force?
Common symbol: FCommon symbol: FUnit: Newton, NUnit: Newton, N
Equivalent base units: kg-m-sEquivalent base units: kg-m-s-2-2
Types of ForcesTypes of Forces
Contact ForceContact Force PushPush PullPull FrictionFriction TensionTension Normal ForceNormal Force Upthrust Upthrust
BouyancyBouyancyLiftLift
DragDragResistanceResistance
ThrustThrustEngineEngine
Non-contact ForceNon-contact Force Gravitational ForceGravitational Force
WeightWeight Electrical ForceElectrical Force Magnetic ForceMagnetic Force
Types of Forces: Contact ForceTypes of Forces: Contact Force
pullNormal Force
Friction
Tension
Types of Forces: Contact ForceTypes of Forces: Contact Force
Upthrust
Drag
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Thrust
Types of Forces: Contact Force
Thrust
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Thrust
Types of Forces: Contact Forces
Lift
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Thrust
Types of Forces: Non-Contact Forces
Weight
Weight
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Types of Forces: Non-Contact Forces
Magnetic ForceElectrical Force
Mass versus WeightMass versus Weight
MassMassAmount of matter in an Amount of matter in an
objectobjectunit: kilogram, kgunit: kilogram, kgDoes not change with Does not change with
locationlocation
WeightWeightGravitational force on Gravitational force on
the objectthe objectUnit: Newton, NUnit: Newton, NEqual toEqual to
Mass x acceleration Mass x acceleration due to gravitydue to gravity
m x gm x gWhere g = 10 msWhere g = 10 ms-2-2
Changes with locationChanges with locationOn earth, always acting On earth, always acting
downwarddownward
Weight
Normal force
Weight
Air resistance
Weight
Normal Force
Drag
Friction
Thrust
Weight
Upthrust
Drag Thrust
Effects of ForcesEffects of Forces
Change shapeChange shapeRigid bodiesRigid bodies
Change the state of motionChange the state of motionMove from restMove from restSpeed upSpeed upSlow down Slow down StopStopChange its directionChange its direction
Newton’s LawsNewton’s Laws
Change of Shape
extension
Who is Isaac Newton?Who is Isaac Newton?
“Nature and Nature's laws lay hid in night:God said, Let Newton be! and all was light.”
Newton’s Third Law
For every action there is an equal
and opposite reaction
Law of Action and Reaction
Action and Reaction Forces
Action and Reaction Forces
Newton’s First Law
If no unbalanced force acts on a body then the
body is in equilibrium.
Law of Inertia
What is What is InertiaInertia??
The tendency of a body to resist changes in The tendency of a body to resist changes in its state of motion.its state of motion.
It is measured in terms of mass of a body.It is measured in terms of mass of a body.
When the forces are balanced
The body does not move,orThe body moves
At a constant speedIn the same direction
Balanced forces
Balanced Forces
The book stays still!
Balanced Forces
The airplane moves forwards at constant speed!
Balanced Forces
The car moves at constant speed!
Drag
Friction
Thrust
Your Turn!
Question #1, page 104
Newton’s Second Law
An unbalanced force changes the motion of an object. It speeds upOr slows downOr changes directionOr changes speed and direction
Acceleration change in motion
Equation
a = force
mass
Unbalanced Forces
The car moves from rest.
The car speeds up.
Unbalanced Forces
The car slows down to stop.
The car slows down.
The Physics of Falling
The Physics of Falling
Freefall Motion where only gravity is acting on the bodyAir resistance is negligibleAs the body falls, its
Speed increasesAcceleration is constantAcceleration = g
The Physics of Skydiving
The Physics of Falling with Air Resistance
Air resistance increases with speedTerminal Velocity
The maximum speed of a falling objectWhen upward forces balance downward forces
on the object
The End
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