For the Mine Warfare Association Mr. Brian Almquist Ocean Engineering & Marine Systems (ONR 321OE) Voice: (703) 696-3351 Fax: (703) 696-2710 [email protected].

For the

Mine Warfare Association

Mr. Brian AlmquistOcean Engineering & Marine Systems (ONR 321OE)

Voice: (703) 696-3351 Fax: (703) 696-2710 [email protected]

MINWARA_Almquist.ppt

Enabling Capability Priority 1 Organic MCM

Wide area surveillance to enable maneuver

Clandestine reconnaissance to prepare the battlespace

Rapid overt VSW / SZ / BZ / CLZ / BEZ mine and obstacle reconnaissance

Data Fusion to accelerate the amphibious planning process

Timely MCM Common Tactical Picture to enable maneuver

Standoff precision neutralization of individual mines in VSW

Autonomous, high speed compact influence sweep

Sub-capabilities:

Lane marking and precision navigation from VSW to BEZ

Standoff breaching of obstacles and mines in the SZ / BZ / CLZ / BEZ

Rapid Follow-on Clearance

Requires knowledge of the battlespaceRequires knowledge of the battlespace


PDM-1’s Red Beach

3/19/01

Airborne Remote Optical Spotlighting System (AROSS)

Bathymetric Data

3/26/01

Depth in feet

(MLLW)

Red Beach26 Mar 01

2209Z

AROSS Bathymetry: White Beach

3/19/01


Weapon System Program Elements

DEPLOY(Organic Supportability)

EMPLOY

(Stand-off, In-stride)

HIT

(Targeting, Guidance, & Control)

KILL(Warheads)

• Mainstream Assault Breaching MCM

• Assault Breaching Becomes Part of Air and Surface Strike Mission Areas

• Major System Attribute: Utilize Existing or Planned Fleet Systems for Deployment and Employment; Organic Compatibility (Std Containers e.g., JSSAM, JSOW, JDAM)

• Program Focus: Warhead Effectiveness and Dispense Mechanisms


CMCO Future Systems

LM Hydra-7 Reactive Darts BZ / SZ Mines

Boeing MODS Chemical Darts BZ / SZ Mines

Continuous Rod Warhead BZ Obstacles

SAIC Naval Gun Chemical Darts BZ / SZ Mines


LM Hydra-7 Reactive Darts BZ / SZ Mines

Boeing MODS Chemical Darts BZ / SZ Mines


SAIC Naval Gun Chemical Darts BZ / SZ Mines


Note: No viable proposals for SZ obstacles receivedNote: No viable proposals for SZ obstacles received

Unitary / Blast Warheads


• Concept: – Employ Tactical Munitions Dispenser (TMD)

– Deliver about 4630 reactive high velocity darts (~25’ diameter kill)

• Lockheed Martin / NAVSEA Indian Head Team: SZ & BZ Mine Clearance System– Lockheed Martin Advanced Projects: System Integration / GNC,

Warhead & Dispense Design

– NAVSEA Indian Head: Warhead & Dispense Design & Testing, WESERB

– GSI: Dart Design

– CSS: System Engineering

– NAVAIR China Lake: Aircraft Integration, Dispenser Sled TestMINE CLEARANCE

Hydra-7Mine Clearing System

Missiles and Fire Control Advanced Projects


Hydra-7 Dart

• Reactive Material Dart Fill (Hydra-7)

• Similar Technology as Used in RAMICs

• Feasibility as BZ Mine Countermeasure Demonstrated in FY00 Versus Plastic and Steel Cased Surrogates.

• Defeat Mechanism is Combination of Kinetic and Thermal Energy

- Dart Impact Rubbilizes Mine’s HE Fill

- High Temperature Dart Fill Causes Spontaneous Reaction with Mine Fill (Burning).

Goal is to defeat surface / buried mines and mines in the waterGoal is to defeat surface / buried mines and mines in the water


Mine / Obstacle Defeat System

Concept: • JDAM Tail Kit to Deliver New Warheads• Aerodynamic Form of BLU-109• Chemical Penetrators (Mines; 20 Meter Kill Diameter)• Continuous Rod Warhead (BZ Obstacles; 26 Meters)

Boeing Team: Mine / Obstacle Defeat System (MODS)• Boeing Phantom Works; Air Vehicle / Guidance• NSWC-IHD; Two Warheads (Chemical Penetrators & CRW)• Talley Defense Systems; Dispense Systems

GP05221027.ppt

Areato be cleared

Pre takeoff• Plan mission • Breakout, load bombs• Load mission data on aircraft

CRW deployedat low altitude

CRW stabilized

Prox fuzedetonates CRW

Release outside SAM range

Venom fired 200-1000 ft

CRW Venom

BeachWater <10 ft

MODS Concept of Operations


Mine / Obstacle Defeat System

2 CRW6,320 Venom Penetrators

Penetrator Dispense System CRW Dispense System

JDAMTail Kit

Propellant


Stand-off Delivery of Mine and Obstacle Clearing Payloads from 5” and 155mm Naval Guns

SAIC Team:

Concept: • Best Buy Projectile to Deliver Two New

Warheads

• Chemical Penetrators (Mines; 6.5 Meter Kill Diameter)

• Continuous Rod Warhead (Obstacles; 10 Meter Kill Diameter)

• SAIC; Systems Integration, Delivery Vehicle

• NSWC IHD; Chemical Darts, CRW

• CAES; Hardware and Integration for Delivery Vehicle

• ABL; Rocket Motors

• NAVSYS; Guidance and Control

• GSI; Reactive Darts


“Best Buy” Projectile

• Best Buy projectile represents maturing technology• Developing two new warheads

• Best Buy projectile represents maturing technology• Developing two new warheads


Venom Dart

Chemical Dart Fill (Venom)

- Proven Technology, Originated in the 1970s

- U.S. Army Demonstrated Use of Chemicals to Initiate (AP) Mines

- NSWC / IHDIV has Demonstrated DETA can be used to Destroy Mines

- DETA has been Proven Effective Against TNT and Comp B Based Explosives

- Dart Rubbilizes Mine’s HE Fill and Deposits the Chemical which Reacts

with the Rubbilized HE (Burning)

5.83”

1.0”

0.4375”

0.2188”


Continuous Rod Warhead Lethality

• Offers considerable increase in effectiveness on land over unitary / blast warheads.

• Provides larger kill radius than unitary / blast warhead.

• Rods propelled parallel to ground.

• Scalable to various weapon sizes.


Beach Zone Tests

Mk 84 Test, Summer 99 Mk 83 Test, Spring 01 Mk 83 Land Test

• Smaller Lethal Radius (not as effective as CRW)• More assets required• Risk mitigation

• Smaller Lethal Radius (not as effective as CRW)• More assets required• Risk mitigation


Unitary / Blast Warheads

• Bombs must be guided, otherwise not effective (e.g. JDAM)

Mine / Obstacle Clearance- Low effectiveness against mines on the beach (Air Force)

- Good evidence for effectiveness against obstacles in SZ (6.2 Program)

- Special purpose warheads such as CRW offer advantages to blast warhead for obstacles on land (Lethal Radius)

- Cratering can be avoided

- Sequential (sweeping) detonation may be effective

Channeling- Technically feasible depending on beach / sea-bed composition and gradient

- Needs precision timed fuzing for simultaneous detonation

- Needs large bomb, high bubble energy explosive in water

- 100 lbs of explosive per linear foot of 50 yard wide channel

- Estimates suggest channeling requires twice the ordnance


10 m

10 m

AT

Min

es a

t 6m

Spa

cing

50 yds15 m

AT mines (A, B, F, G, H)

AL Mine, (E, L)

4 strand fence

AP mines (K)

Tanglefoot

Hedgehog 1.25-m membersType 2 AL Mines (J, M)

Triple Strand Concertina Wire w/AP mines

Sea Urchins

Water Depth (m)Profile At Mean Tide. 6-8 ft Tidal

Variations (+3-4 ft about mean tide)

174.21 m

5m10m 10m 40 m

10m

30m

15m

0.6 0.9 1.1 1.32.0

40 m10m

0.3

10m

3.02.8

15m

MCIA High Threat LaydownBeach Gradient of 1:99

• Worst case scenario• Desert Storm threat was less severe• Worst case scenario• Desert Storm threat was less severe


• Weapons Required per Lane- Obstacles 17- Mines 25

• Aircraft Sorties per Lane- F/A -18C/D 11- F/A -18E/F 11- JSF 21- B1 2- B2 / B52 2/3

• Weapon Lift per Lane- Weight <100,000 lbs- Volume < 2,000 cu. ft.

• Hydra-7 Estimates are Similar• Worst case MCIA threat laydown• Less severe threat requires significantly less assets

• Hydra-7 Estimates are Similar• Worst case MCIA threat laydown• Less severe threat requires significantly less assets

MODSLift Estimates / High MCIA Threat


Standoff Delivery of Mine and Obstacle Clearing Payloads From 5” and 155mm Naval Guns

DD21 ClassCG 47 Class

133 CMCO 750 CMCO

DDG81 Class

ERGM AllocationERGM Allocation

NSFS Rounds Required to Clear a Single Lane*NSFS Rounds Required to Clear a Single Lane*

* Assumes 3M CEP; CSS Projections, Revision 3

• Worst case MCIA threat laydown• Less severe threat requires significantly less assets• Worst case MCIA threat laydown• Less severe threat requires significantly less assets

115 CMCO


CMCO Future SystemsSummary

• System Platforms- 2 A/C Systems:

- 1 Naval Gun System:

• Warhead Effectiveness- Buried & Proud Mines

- Energetic Fills Cause Burning of Mine’s Explosive Fill

- Dispensing

- Beach Obstacles (larger lethal radius)

- Dispensing

• Unitary / Blast Warheads- Field Tests and Demonstrations

- SZ / BZ Obstacles

- Fuze Considerations

- Risk Mitigation

Dart Lethality

CRW Lethality

For the Mine Warfare Association Mr. Brian Almquist Ocean Engineering & Marine Systems (ONR 321OE) Voice: (703) 696-3351 Fax: (703) 696-2710 [email protected].

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