FOR INTERNAL USE - · PDF file© Wärtsilä FOR INTERNAL USE ... © Wärtsilä 32 Technology development ... © Wärtsilä 36 Project Guide The Project Guide...

© Wärtsilä

FOR INTERNAL USEDual-fuel-electric for LNGC

Kristian Ölander

Wärtsilä KoreaShip Power Solutions

DSME 04.01.2006

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Introduction

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Contents

Contents;

� Introduction

� Dual fuel engines

� Dual-fuel engine systems

� Dual-fuel technology developments.

� DF engine venting & inerting

� Supporting material

� W50DF references

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Dual-fuel engine

� Gas engine technologies

� Engine parameters

� Engine characteristics

� Fuel piping

� Control system

Wärtsilä 6L50DF

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Gas-diesel (GD) engines:

� Runs on various gas / diesel mixtures or alternatively on diesel.

� Combustion of gas, diesel and air mixture in Diesel cycle.

� High-pressure gas injection.

Gas engine technologies

‘87 ‘88 ‘89 ‘90 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘99 ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05

Dual-fuel (DF) engines:

� Runs on gas with 1% diesel (gas mode) or alternatively on diesel (diesel mode).

� Combustion of gas and air mixture in Otto cycle, triggered by pilot diesel injection (gas mode), or alternatively combustion of diesel and air mixture in Diesel cycle (diesel mode).

� Low-pressure gas admission.

Spark-ignition gas (SG) engines:

� Runs only on gas.

� Combustion of gas and air mixture in Otto cycle, triggered by spark plug ignition.

� Low-pressure gas admission.

Spark-ingnition gas (SG) engines 34SG

Dual-fuel (DF) engines 32DF, 50DF

Gas-diesel (GD) engines 32GD, 46GD

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Dual-fuel engine technologies

� High efficiency (therm. 47%)

� Low gas pressure

� Low emissions, due to:� High efficiency

� Clean fuel

� Lean burn combustion

� Fuel flexibility� Gas mode

� Diesel mode

� Two engine models� Wärtsilä 32DF

� Wärtsilä 50DF

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Engine parameters - Wärtsilä 50DF

� Based on Wärtsilä 46 diesel engine(of which 720 engines and 7’007 MW in service and on order at sea)

� Bore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 mm

� Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580 mm

� BMEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 / 19.5 bar

� Piston speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7 / 9.9 m/s

� Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 / 514 rpm

� Power / cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 950 kW

� Configurations . 6L, 8L, 9L, 12V, 16V, 18V

� Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 to 17.1 MWWärtsilä 18V50DF

Engine components:

� 40% is identical with components Wärtsilä 46 diesel engine

� 40% is based on components Wärtsilä 46 diesel engine

� 10% is identical with components Wärtsilä 32DF dual-fuel engine

� 10% is based on components Wärtsilä 32DF dual-fuel engine

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Engine characteristics - Operating modes

* ** ** * **

******

** **

***

**

Intake ofair and gas

Compression ofair and gas

Ignition bypilot diesel fuel

� Otto principle

� Low-pressure gas admission

� Pilot diesel injection

Gas mode: Ex. In. Ex. In.Ex. In.

Intake ofair

Compression ofair

Injection ofdiesel fuel

� Diesel principle

� Diesel injection

Diesel mode:Ex. In. Ex. In.Ex. In.

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Engine characteristics – Starting modes

Starting:

� If the engine is in standby mode will it perform a slow turning every 30 minute, 2 rev. / time.

� The engine are normally started in diesel mode but can also be started directly in gas mode.

� The start sequences are seen in the enclosed graph.

� When changing over to gas will the GVU make a gas leakage test.

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Engine characteristics – Starting modes

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

Time (sec)

Eng

ine

spee

d (r

pm)

Backup start

Diesel start

Gas start

Gas leak testStarting & speedacceleration Synchronisation

Speed acceleration Synchronisation

Starting air

Pilot fuel & back-up fuel

Combustion check, only pilot fuel

Pilot fuel & gas

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Engine characteristics - Operating mode changes

% L

oad

100

0

Diesel mode Gas mode

80

15

Gas mode:

� Running on gas and MDO pilot fuel injection.

� Automatic and instant trip to diesel mode in alarm situations without loss of engine power and speed.

� Automatic transfer to diesel mode on request at any load without loss of engine power and speed.

� Automatic trip to diesel mode after 3 minutes at engine loads below 15%.

Diesel mode:

� Running on MDO or HFO and MDO pilot fuel injection (pilot fuel is always operated).

� Automatic transfer to gas mode on request at loads below 80% without loss of engine power and speed.

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Transfer from gas mode to diesel mode at 100% load

Speed

Load

Receiver pressure

Gas pressure

Pilot fuel pressure

Diesel actuator

Test result 18V50DF

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Speed

Load

Receiver pressure

Gas pressure

Pilot fuel pressure

Diesel actuator

Transfer from diesel mode to gas mode at 80% load

Test result 18V50DF

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Dual-fuel engine systems

� Gas fuel system

� Pilot fuel system

� Diesel fuel system

� Hot Box

� Control system

Wärtsilä 6L50DF

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DF Engine systems - Gas fuel system

Gas manifold

Gas admission valve

Gas nozzlesInlet channel

Cylinder head

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DF Engine fuel systems - Gas fuel system

Gas inlet

Ventilation outlet

Gas manifold

Gas feed pipe

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Manifold

Example of inline engine

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Air flow

Charge air

Gas

Double wall gas manifold

Double bellows

SOGAV

Charge air pipe

Filter

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DF Engine fuel systems - Gas fuel system

Gas admission valve

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Engine fuel systems - Pilot fuel system

Pilot fuel line

Fuel injection valve

Cylinder head

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Engine fuel systems - Pilot fuel system

Solenoid

Pilot diesel needle Main diesel needle

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Engine fuel systems - Diesel fuel system

Camshaft

Tappet

Fuel pump

High pressure lineFuel injection valve

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Engine fuel systems - Diesel fuel system

Gas Admission valve (V-engine)

Cylinder head

Pilot fuel inletHigh pressure inlet

Fuel pump

Fuel rack

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Engine fuel systems - Hot box

High pressure line

Injection pump

Pilot fuel lineFuel rack

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Engine systems - Control system

Wärtsilä Engine Control System WECS 8000:� Usual diesel engine control functions

� Fuel mode changes

� Gas admission control

� Pilot injection control

� Air / fuel ratio control

� Knocking control

� Engine safety

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� Individual adjustment of gas feed and injection for each cylinder.

� Combustion sensor on each cylinder.

� In case of knocking, only concerned cylinder is adjusted.

Combustionsensor

Dual-fuelinjection valve

Wärtsilä EngineControl System

Input:� Power� Speed� Air / fuel ratio� Etc.

Main gasadmission valve

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20

16

12

8

40.6 1.0 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.6

Operatingwindow

The

rmal

effi

cien

cy [

% ]

NO

x em

issi

ons

[ g /

kW h

]

BM

EP

[ ba

r ]

Air / Fuel ratio

Knocking

Mis

firin

g

0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4

6

10

14

18

22

Optimum performancefor all cylinders

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Engine external control system

The external system consist of the UCP & WOIS� The WECS system controls and monitors the engine while the PLC in the

UCP controls and monitors engine auxiliaries, start/stop sequences and communicate with the ships control system.

� UCP = Unit control Panel

� WOIS = Wärtsilä Operators Interface Station

� Each engine have a own UCP while the WOIS is common

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Dual-fuel technology developments

� Double-wall gas piping

� HFO in diesel mode

Wärtsilä 6L50DF

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Technology development - Double-wall gas piping

Double-wall gas piping was introduced on theWärtsilä 50DF on request of shipyards and ship owners.

Air flow in annular spaceDouble wall belowAir space around gasadmission valve

Compared to single-wall gas piping, the requirements to the ship’s engine room with respect to gas detection, ventilation, etc., become less stringent, making the engine room less complex and thus cheaper to build.

All Wärtsilä 50DF on order to-day will feature double-wall gas piping.

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Technology development - HFO in diesel mode

HFO / MDO in

The possibility to use HFO in diesel mode was introduced last year on the Wärtsilä 50DF on request of ship owners and operators.

The possibility to use HFO in diesel mode offers ship operators the possibility to reselect the optimum fuel throughout the lifetime of their installation.

The pilot fuel remains to be MDO.

HFO / MDO return

MDO pilot return

MDO pilot in

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HFO in ‘diesel mode’ - Operating modes

Some ‘rules’ for operating mode changes:

� Transfer from ‘HFO mode’ to ‘gas mode’:� Transfers from ‘HFO mode’, through ‘MDO mode’, to ‘gas mode’ can be carried out

fully automatic on demand.

� The transfer from ‘MDO mode’ to ‘gas mode’ can only be carried out below 80% load.

� The transfer from ‘MDO mode’ to ‘gas mode’ after having operated in ‘HFO mode’requires 30 minutes operation in ‘MDO mode’.

� One lube oil quality is enough, thus special recommendations are to be considered

� Trip from ‘gas mode’ to ‘diesel mode’:� Trips from ‘gas mode’ to ‘MDO mode’ are carried out instantly at any load.

� Transfer from ‘gas mode’ to ‘HFO mode’:� Transfers from ‘gas mode’, through ‘MDO mode’, to ‘HFO mode’ can be carried out

fully automatic on demand.

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Yards Supporting material

� Installation specific material

� Project guide

� Safety concept

Wärtsilä 6L50DF

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Drawings for approval binder

The Drawings for approval binder consist of all project

specific information. Thus that can documents be of an

general nature.

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Project Guide

The Project Guide supports the yard mostly during the new building phase but consist also

a lot of general engine information.

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Safety Concept

The “Safety Concept” describes the required safety arrangements for dual-fuel-electric LNG carriers.

Developed with and approved by the major classification societies.

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Dual-fuel engine references:

� on land

� at sea

� in LNG carriers.

Wärtsilä Dual Fuel references

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Dual-fuel engine references on land (1/2)

Test engineBermeo, Spain

6L50DF2004

~ 6’878 running hours(end of April 2006)

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48 engines with 440’900 running hours(March 2006)

Dual-fuel engine references on land (2/2)

2x 18V32DF Camis Topkapi, Turkey 1997 2x 62’000

2x 18V32DF Camis Cayirova, Turkey 1997 2x 59’000

1x 18V32DF Southampton Geothermal Southampton, UK 1998 34’000

1x 18V32DF Grindsted Wärmewerk Grindsted, Denmark 1998 36’000

1x 18V32DF Salekhard Energo Salekhard, Russia 1998 23’000

1x 18V32DF Gulle Tekstil Gulle, Turkey 2000 25’000

1x 18V32DF Videocon Narmada Glass Bharuch, India 2000 31’000

4x 18V32DF City of Chambersburg Chambersburg PA, USA 2002 4x 3’500

1x 18V32DF Sempra Energy Solutions Silver Springs MD, USA 2003 3’900

6x 18V32DF Sampol Madrid Barajas, Spain 2004 6x 6’000

3x 18V50DF MOSB Manisa, Turkey 2005 3x 4’000

3x 12V32DF* Century Power Lahore, Pakistan 2005 3x 4’000

1x 12V32DF* Antonio de Almeida & Filhos Almeida, Portugal 2005 4’300

1x 18V32DF Nestle Milkpak Lahore, Pakistan 2005 -

5x 18V32DF* PT Batamindo Cakrawala Batam, Indonesia 2006 -

3x 12V32DF AMC Energiecentrale Amsterdam, Netherlands 2006 -

1x 12V32DF* Tearfil Moreira de Conegos, Portugal 2006 -

1x 16V50DF* Denizli Cemento Denizli, Turkey 2006 -

1x 16V50DF* Cerestar Deutschland Krefeld, Germany 2006 -

1x 18V50DF D.G. Khan Cement Company Lahore, Pakistan 2006 -

1x 18V50DF Maple Leaf Cement Factory Lahore, Pakistan 2006 -

7x 18V32DF* PT Batamindo Cakrawala Batam, Indonesia 2006 -

Installation Name Place, Country Year Running hrs

* Diesel to dual-fuel conversion

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Dual-fuel engine references at sea

Petrojarl 1

FPSO

Petrojarl

2x 18V32DF

2x 27’000 running hours

Sendje Ceiba

FPSO

Bergesen

1x 18V32DF

12’800 running hours

Viking Energy

DF-electric offshore supply vessel

Eidesvik

Kleven Verft

4x 6R32DF


Stril Pioner


Simon Møkster

Kleven Verft

4x 6R32DF


Gass Avant / hull 29


Eidesvik

West Contractors

4x 6R32DF

Ship delivery 2007

15 engines with 164’800 running hours(March 2006)

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Dual-fuel engine references in LNG carriers (1/4)

Gaz de France Energy / hull M32

74’000 m3 DF-electric LNGC

Gaz de France

Chantiers de l’Atlantique

4x 6L50DF

Ship delivery 2006

Provalys / hull N32


Gaz de France


3x 12V50DF + 1x 6L50DF

Ship delivery 2006

Gaselys / hull P32


Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK) / Gaz de France


3x 12V50DF + 1x 6L50DF

Ship delivery 2007

Hull 1777 / 1778 / 1779 / 297

4x 155’000 m3 DF-electric LNGCs

BP Shipping

Hyundai Heavy Industries / Hyundai Samho Heavy Industries

2x 12V50DF + 2x 9L50DF each

Ship deliveries 2007 onwards

Hull 1607 / 1608 / 1625 / 1626 / 1632 / 1633


AP Møller

Samsung Heavy Industries



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Hull 1619 / 1620 / 1634


Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha (“K” Line)




Hull 1780 / 298


Teekay Shipping




Hull 2254 / 2263 / 2270 / 2271

4x 151’000 m3 LNG-RVs

Exmar

Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering

1x 12V32DF each


Hull 2223 / 2224


MISC

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries



Hull 1641 / 1642


Chevron



Ship deliveries 2009

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Hull 193


Undisclosed ship owner

Hanjin Heavy Industries & Construction

3x 12V50DF + 1x 6L50DF

Ship delivery 2009


Hull 2258 / 2259


Bergesen Worldwide Gas

Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering



Hull 1876 / 324


Mitsui OSK Lines (MOL)




Hull 1686


Mitsui OSK Lines (MOL) led consortium


2x 12V50DF + 2x 6L50DF

Ship delivery 2009

Hull 1688 / 1689

2x 145’000 m3 DF-electric LNG-SRVs

Leif Høegh




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22x DF-electric LNGCs

Undisclosed ship owners

Undisclosed Korean shipyards

Various engine configurations


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0

250

500

750

1000

1250

1500

1750

2000

2250

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Estimated dual-fuel-electric LNG carrier deliveries

Estimated ship delivery date

Inst

alle

d po

wer

[ M

W ]

7 shipyards

≥ 11 ship owners

52 ships

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For more information, please do not hesitate to contact us at our Busan office or visit www.wartsila.com/LNG

Thank youfor your attention!

FOR INTERNAL USE - · PDF file© Wärtsilä FOR INTERNAL USE ... © Wärtsilä 32 Technology development ... © Wärtsilä 36 Project Guide The Project Guide...

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