Foot and Mouth Disease. E TIOLOGY Apthovirus (Picornaviridae)

Foot and Mouth

Disease

ETIOLOGY

Apthovirus (Picornaviridae)

EPIDEMIOLOGY

Affects all cloven footed animals (Cattle, Buffalo, Pig, Sheep & Goat)

Highly contagious Low mortality Great economic impact world wide due to

production loss Africa, Asia, South America, Part of Europe

are endemic Japan, New Zeland & Australia are disease

free

PREVALENCE

Serotypes: O, A, C Asia1, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3

O & C occur most commonly

Disease generally occurs as a outbreak and spreads from heard to heard.

Morbidity: up to 100% Mortality: 2% (adults)

20% (Young ones)

TRANSMISSION

Direct contact Infected feed, water, farm utensils Milk man All the excretions of the affected animals

contains organism Wind speed of 4m/sec & relative humidity

>60% Infection can be windborne as far as 250kms Wild animals act as reservoir

CLINICAL SIGNS

Fever

Profuse salivation

Vesicles in mouth, feed, udder, nostrils

Sudden death in young ones

SALIVATION

ORAL ULCER

PEALED OFF ORAL EPITHELIUM

FOOT LESION

UDDER LESION

FMD OBR at Usilampatty taluk

Madurai

On 29-1-2011 field veterinarian informed ADIU, Madurai about incidences of FMD by mobile phone.

(WE CAN MAKE USE OF NEW BB/COMPUTER FACILITY)

Animal Disease Intelligence Unit visited the village, samples are collected and sent to IVPM, Ranipet by special messenger.

Reports are communicated to Head office by FAX & Mobile phone.

Results from IVPM is received by post. In emergency situations results are received

by telephonic message. Teams of doctors are deployed to carryout

vaccination and treatment. Population of animals at affected village and

villages covering 8 kms radius is calculated Vaccination to the risk group is organised

Daily report about disease status is communicated to head office by FAX for 7 days after fresh attack.

Daily report will be having,

Number of fresh attack, death,

Number of ailing animals and number of dead animals.

Number of animals vaccinated

Final report will be having Number of affected animals, dead animals Number of animals vaccinated Economic loss to farmer due to deathproduction

loss

Weekly reports are sent to head office by post for 4 consecutive weeks.

If there is no fresh attack final report is sent after 4 weeks