Folie 1 Sustainability Criteria for Biomass – Implementation in Germany P resentation by Dr. Hans-Jürgen Froese, Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture.

Folie 1

Sustainability Criteria for Biomass – Implementation in Germany

Presentationby Dr. Hans-Jürgen Froese,

Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection

BIOMASS FUTURES project, 30 th November 2010,Berlin

Wilhelmstraße 54 Tel.: +49 1888 / 529 - 3390 10117 Berlin, Germany Fax: +49 1888 / 529 - 4968

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Shares of renewable energy sources among total final energy consumption in Germany 2009

RES share 200910.1 %

Hydropower0.8 %

Wind energy1.6 %

Biomass2)

7.0 %Other fossil energy

resources (e.g. hard coal, lignite, mineral oil, natural gas) and nuclear energy

89.9 %

Other renewables0.7 %

Total: 8,470 PJ1)

RES - Renewable Energy Sources; 1) FEC 2009 based on the Centre for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW);

2) solid, liquid, gaseous biomass, biogenic share of waste, landfill and sewage gas; Deviations in the totals are due to rounding;Source: BMU-KI III 1 based on Working Group on Renewable Energies-Statistics (AGEE-Stat) and the Centre for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW), according to Working

Group on Energy Balances (AGEB); all figures provisional

RES share 202018 %

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14%5,0 Mio. ha

6 %2,1 Mio. ha

29 %10,5 Mio. ha

18%6,3 Mio. ha

33%11,8 Mio. ha

Urban areas, traffic, etc.

Arable land

Grassland

others

Forest

Agricultural land-use in Germany

Arable land

Forest

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Sustainability Discussion

• RED – Sustainability Criteria

• Legal framework in Germany

• Rules and procedures for proof and control

• Future challenges

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RED 2009/28/EC (Art. 17 -19) Sustainability Criteria

Minimum GHG-emission savings of 35% compared with fossil fuels, from 2017 of 50% and from 2018 of 60% (new installations starting from 2017)

For installations that were operational in January 2008, the minimum GHG-Emission savings of 35% does not apply until 1 April 2013

No raw materials from nature conservation areas or from land with high biodiversity or land with a high carbon stock (status check: January 2008)

Economic operators required to use a mass balance system

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Implementation of RED Sustainability Criteria in Germany

RED

Biomass ElectricityOrdinance (BioSt-NachV)

24 August 09

Biofuel SustainabilityOrdinance (Biokraft-NachV)

2 November 09

Legal Technical Rules for Recognition of

Certification-Systems and Certification Bodies

(10 December 09)

Legal Technical Rules for the Recognition of

Certification-Systems and Certification Bodies

(12 March 2010)

Guideline for Technical Implementation, publ. by BLE 5th February 2010

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The german approach is based on:

• Private certification systems

• Private certification bodies

• The BLE as competent national authority for recognition and control

Implementation of RED Sustainability Criteria in Germany

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recognition,supervision

flux of biomass

agriculturalholding

first buyerof crops oil mill Refinery

(vegetable oil)supplier supplier CHP*

applicationdeliveryproduction

Federal Office for Agriculture and FoodRegister of power plants

Web based application system for split proof ofsustainability

standards of sustainability1. compliance with the requirements2. greenhouse gas emission savings3. proof of origin by mass balance system

concretion of sustainibility standardsand further requirements by

certification systems

certification authority recognitionsupervision

note ofregistration

proof ofsustainability

electricity network operator

distributor

proof ofsustainability

biofuels quotaor

tax reduction

biofuelsbiomass power plantscontrol:interfaces, companiesand supplierscertification:interfaces

registration

*combined heat and power plant

© Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung

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Basic structure of the “national system”

The interfaces of this system (first enterer, oil mill, refinery where relevant) are audited by certification bodies and receive a certificate valid for 1 year.

Certified interfaces must be monitored at least once a year (and within 6 months after the first issue of a certificate).

Documentation of sustainability verification can only be issued by the last interface in the value-added chain (oil mill or refinery).

This documentation accompanies the consignment to the plant operator with the last supplier having to confirm that the biomass supplied has been entered into a mass balance system.

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Change of Transitional regulationsBoth, the Biomass Electricity Sustainability Ordinance and the Biofuels Sustainable Ordinance include a transitional provision which rules: Protection of legitimate expectations concerning the 2009 harvest

Stored biomass can be used until 30 June 2010 without provision of evidence

►Regulations amended. Cabinet decided on 2 of June 2010: Amendment of biofuels-sustainability ordinance postponing obligatory application of sustainability scheme to 1 of January 2011.

Reasons: Mainly, more time is needed for certification-process,

prevent temporary market distorsions and shortages

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Where are we now - implementing the biomass-sustainability certification?

ISCC-system as the first certification system recognised by BLE the 18 of January 2010 – another system (REDCert) has been recognized the 2 of June 2010

24 Certification bodies recognised (by end of October 2010)

Consequence of latest legal amendments:

= Certification processes could/should be accelerated

= effective disposable timeframe shorter than it seems (2010 harvest and production processes have to be included)

Other member states ?? Implementation generally not before 2011

Commission Communications dealing with technical rules for implementation of RED-Sustainability criteria published 19.06.10

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Actual problems /difficulties of Implementation Certification of agricultural traders and oil mills needs more time

Certification of small holders seems to be to expensive

Therefore:Introduction of a special treatment of small holders by mid November 2010

= Smallest oil mills or traders which have a yearly trade or elaboration volume of up to 250 t (solid Biomass or equivalent fluid biomass) get a Certificate valid for 5 years

= Small oil mills or traders which have a yearly trade or elaboration volume of up to 500 t (solid Biomass or equivalent fluid biomass) get a Certificate valid for 3 years (instead of 1 year

for all others)

Market Availability of sustainably produced biomass could be a problem in Germany in the short run (i.e. beginning of 2011), therefore some options to adapt the implementation procedure are currently being discussed.

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Future Challenges for Biomass Prod. and Sustainability

National Renewable Energy Action Plan (agreed on July 2010)

= contains strategies and measures how to reach the objective of a 18%-share of renewables in total energy consumption

= further growth in bioenergy needed:

in total we calculated a need of 1.400 Petajoule (PJ) in 2020 (compared to 888 PJ in 2008 - (growth of approx. 60%),

of which:

- 1.000 PJ could be covered by domestic biomass,

(500 PJ from forest-biomass, 400 PJ from agriculture and100 PJ from wastes)

- 400 PJ have to be covered by future biomass-imports

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Future Challenges for Biomass Prod. and Sustainability

Longterm National Energy Concept (decided by Cabinet on 28 September 2010)

Main Objectives of the Concept:

GHG-reduction of 80% until 2050 (compared to 1990-levels)

Increase of Renewables-Share in Total Energy Consumption from 10% actually to:

= 18% in 2020, 30% in 2030, 45% in 2040 and 60% in 2050

Medium prolongation of operation of nuclear power plants = 12 years

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Future Challenges for Biomass Prod. and Sustainability

Longterm National Energy Concept (Cont.)

Main Objectives of the Concept:

Reduction of Total Primary Energy Consumption (compared to 2008-levels):

= of 20% until 2020

= of 50% until 2050

This means: Efficiency Increase of 2,1% per year especially through energy saving measures in buildings and in transport

Reaching these targets requires investments of around 20 billion Euros per year

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Future Challenges for Biomass Prod. and Sustainability

Longterm National Energy Concept (Cont.)

Consequences for Biomass / Bioenergy:

Bioenergy remains the most important renewable energy source in 2050 (60% of renewables and 30% of total primary energy consumption must be generated by biomass)

Compared to 2008-levels, bioenergy has to be increased by the factor 2.5 (reaching 2.200 PJ)

Assuming future 20% biomass-imports, leads to 1.760 PJ domestic biomass use in 2050

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Future Challenges for Biomass Prod. and Sustainability

National Energy Concept (Consequences for Biomass):

Necessary domestic biomass cannot be obtained by simply expanding energy plant production, because an additional need of 760 PJ (on top of the estimates for 2020) would require additional 4,1 mill. ha energy plant-area (not available)

Without measures to considerably increase domestic biomass potential (better plant varieties, optimizing agro and forest cultivation systems to obtain higher energy yields, etc.) and without further biomass imports, objectives will hardly be reached.

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Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!