FOG_4_TRD_PPT_Unit3

8/12/2019 FOG_4_TRD_PPT_Unit3

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U N I T Simple Past, Present Perfect, and Present Perfect Progressive3

AdventureTravel


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Adventure Travel Ad

Are you looking for a little adventure inyour life? Travel with me to beautifulColorado. Im an experienced river raftingand rock climbing guide. Ive been guidingadventure travelers in this area for 10years. In fact, last year, I took 30 tripsdown the Colorado River. Oh, and dont

worry about safety. Ive also taken anumber of first aid and safety courses. Noone has ever broken any bones on mytrips!


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Use ago to showwhen something

started.

Hes not

kayaking now.

Simple Past 1

I kayaked in the Grand Canyon for two months.

past

now

future

Use the simple past to talk about things that happened andwere completed in the past.

kayaked

I rafted down the Nile River a year ago.

rafted


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I have guided travelers my entire career.I have been rock climbing for 10 years.

These things continue up to thepresent and may continue into the

future.

have guidedhave been rock climbing

past

now

future

Use the present perfect and the present perfectprogressive to talk about things that started in the past,but were not completed.

Perfect Tenses 1


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Non-action (stative) verbs are not usually used in theprogressive.

Ive been knowing how to rockclimb since I was young.

Ive known how to rock climbsince I was young.

Remember!


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for six years

We often use the present perfect and the present perfect progressive withfo r and s ince . Use fo r to show how long something has been true and s ince to show when something started.

I have trained for six years to take this trip.He has been guiding trips since 2000.

since 2000

for sixyears

past

now

futurehave trained

since 2000.

has been guiding

Perfect Tenses 2


7/14

Use the simple past with past time expressions.

We trekked through the Andes Mountains last year.He backpacked in Peru two months ago.

past

now

future

last year .ago .

Simple Past 2


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Dont use specific time expressions with the present perfectexcept after s ince .

She took skydiving lessons last year.

She has taken skydiving lessons last year.

She has taken skydiving lessons since 2004.

last year .

last year .

since 2004.

Be Careful!


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Dear Mom and Dad,

I (sit) ____________________________ here fo r

ho urs loo king at the beaut i ful bi rd s in the ra in forest .

This vacat ion to Brazil (be) ____________

wonder fu l !I (see) ____________ so m any amazing animals sinc e

I arrived h ere. Las t w eek, I (hike) _______________

throu gh the forest to see the t ree mo nkeys. Our guide

on tha t t r ip (tell) ___________ us s om e very

interest ing inform at ion. I (learned) _____________

____________________ so m u ch

on th i s t r ip !

Lo ve, Daniela

Fill in the blanks with the simple past, present perfect, or present perfect progressive forms of theverbs in parentheses.

have sat/have been sitting

has been

have seen hiked

toldhave learned/ have been learning

Practice 1


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Use the present perfect without time expressions to talk aboutthings that happened at some indefinite time in the past.

They have canoed down the Amazon River.

past

now

future

We dont know when theycanoed down the river, or the

time is not important.

time ????

Present Perfect 1


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The present perfect without for or since shows that anactivity is finished. We often say h o w m an y or h o w m an yt imes with this use of the present perfect.

He has visited Machu Picchu three times.

past

now

future

three times.

Present Perfect 2


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for five hours

The present perfect progressive shows that an activity isunfinished. We often say how long with the present perfectprogressive.

They have been climbing for five hours.

past

now

future

for five hours.

have been climbing

The activity is not finished.

Theyre still climbing.

Present Perfect Progressive


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She traveled to Alaskatwice this month.

She s traveled to Alaskatwice this month.

Use the present perfect or the simple past with unfinishedtime periods such as today , th is w eek , t h is m on th , and th i syear . Notice the difference in meaning .

this month.

this month.

The month isntover, but she

probably wonttravel againthis month.

The month isntover. She

might travelagain.

Present Perfect and Simple Past


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1. a. I have taken many first-aid courses.

b. I have been taking many first-aid courses.

2. a. She rafted down the Nile River last week.

b. She has rafted down the Nile River.

3. a. We lived in Nepal for two years.

b. We have lived in Nepal for two years.

c. We have been living in Nepal for two years.

Look at the groups of sentences.Discuss the differences inmeaning with a partner.

Example: a. I have visited Kenya three times this year.

b. I visited Kenya three times this year.visited

have visited

The year isntover. The useof the presentperfect means

that she mightreturn again to

Kenya.

The year isntover, but the

use of thesimple past

means that sheprobably wont

return toKenya.

Practice 2

FOG_4_TRD_PPT_Unit3

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