FMDPPT

BYBY SIDDHARTH SIDDHARTH

SHANBHAG SHANBHAG

FLUROSCENT MULTILAYER FLUROSCENT MULTILAYER DISC DISC

RECAP:RECAP:

• What is FMD?What is FMD?

• Why FMD?Why FMD?

• Operating Principles.Operating Principles.

• Technological Process.Technological Process.

What is FMD?Fluorescent Multilayer disc is an optical disc that uses fluorescent rather than reflective material to store data. It is an three dimensional storage disc developed by Constellation 3D.

Why FMD?• Increased Disc capacity.•Quick parallel access and retrieval Quick parallel access and retrieval information.information.•Media tolerancesMedia tolerances..•Usage Flexibility.Usage Flexibility.

Operating Principle:Operating Principle:• The principle operation of FMD is based on a The principle operation of FMD is based on a phenomenon of phenomenon of photochromismphotochromism. .

• The laser beam when focused on the The laser beam when focused on the informationinformation

material the material starts material the material starts radiatingradiating than than reflecting.reflecting.

• The laser beam causes theThe laser beam causes the photochrome photochrome material material

to posses the to posses the fluorescentfluorescent properties . properties .

• The fluorescence is caught up by a device calledThe fluorescence is caught up by a device calledphotophoto receiverreceiver..

• The The usage ofusage of photochrome materialphotochrome material increases the increases the

number of information layers do not make the signal number of information layers do not make the signal

worse which is not in case of other optical discs. worse which is not in case of other optical discs.

• The developers state that with The developers state that with blue laser(480nm)blue laser(480nm) it it is is

possible to increase capacity to Terabytes on the disc.possible to increase capacity to Terabytes on the disc.

• This technology prevents the This technology prevents the problem ofproblem of interference interference

since we are using photochrome material which posses since we are using photochrome material which posses

the fluorescent properties.the fluorescent properties.

Technological Process:Technological Process:

There are two technological process in There are two technological process in manufacturing manufacturing

of FMD:of FMD:

• Hot Stamping.Hot Stamping.• Photo Polymerization.Photo Polymerization.

HOT STAMPING:HOT STAMPING:The layer is pressed with polycarbonate The layer is pressed with polycarbonate

and stamped and stamped

twice with hot temperature. This forms twice with hot temperature. This forms two informationtwo information

layer with pits on each side and filled with layer with pits on each side and filled with fluorescent fluorescent

material.material.

PHOTO POLYMERIZATION:PHOTO POLYMERIZATION:• The information layer generated is made of thin The information layer generated is made of thin

plastic filmplastic film of 25-30micron in width. of 25-30micron in width.• The film is installed on aThe film is installed on a nickel nickel matrix that matrix that

carries carries

the negative copy of information layers.the negative copy of information layers.• The photo polymer material is evenly brought in The photo polymer material is evenly brought in

space b/w space b/w stamp surface and filmstamp surface and film, which , which generatesgenerates

pits after the polymer material is detached from pits after the polymer material is detached from

stamp surface.stamp surface.• The pits generated is filled with fluorescent The pits generated is filled with fluorescent

material material

and chemically processed.and chemically processed.

• After the layers are filled with fluorescent After the layers are filled with fluorescent material material

and attached to the base plate, it is covered with aand attached to the base plate, it is covered with a

protective layer which can be used for graphicsprotective layer which can be used for graphics

decoration.decoration.• This process is carried out in order to prevent a This process is carried out in order to prevent a

physical contact with information layer on the physical contact with information layer on the edge edge

of the disc this is filled with polymeric material.of the disc this is filled with polymeric material.• This process is mainly based on light and This process is mainly based on light and

polymerpolymer

material.material.

FMD ARCHITECTURE:FMD ARCHITECTURE:

• Since the technology not based on the Since the technology not based on the reflection, reflection,

the multiple layers can be read on the the multiple layers can be read on the same time.same time.

LAYER DESCRIPTION:LAYER DESCRIPTION:• The disc consists of several The disc consists of several

polycarbonate layers polycarbonate layers

connected to each other viz: Information connected to each other viz: Information layer, layer,

Protective layer and Inter Layer.Protective layer and Inter Layer.• A layer contains pits which are filled with A layer contains pits which are filled with

FM,FM,

laser focuses on certain layer and excites laser focuses on certain layer and excites the fluorescent the fluorescent

elements and the radiation is caught by elements and the radiation is caught by Photo detector.Photo detector.

Comparison of Disc Layers:Comparison of Disc Layers:

Why Fluorescence not Why Fluorescence not Reflective material?Reflective material?

• No interference.No interference.

• Solves signal degradation.Solves signal degradation.

• Increase in storage capacity.Increase in storage capacity.

Advantages of FMD:Advantages of FMD:

• Prevents problem of interference since it Prevents problem of interference since it uses an uses an

incoherent fluorescent light.incoherent fluorescent light.• Compatible with CD and DVD formats with Compatible with CD and DVD formats with

more more

storage area and faster access.storage area and faster access.• Fluorescent technology do not require Fluorescent technology do not require

special special

manufacturing conditions.manufacturing conditions.• Durability.Durability.

CD vs DVD vs FMD:CD vs DVD vs FMD:

PARAMETERPARAMETERSS

CDCD DVDDVD FMDFMD

1. Disc 1. Disc diameter diameter

120mm120mm 120mm120mm 120mm120mm

2. Capacity 2. Capacity 750MB750MB 4GB 4GB 50GB+50GB+

3. Wavelength3. Wavelength 780nm780nm 650nm650nm 480-480-530nm530nm

4. Distance 4. Distance b/w tracksb/w tracks

1.6micro1.6micronn

0.85micro0.85micronn

0.80micr0.80micronon

5.No.of layers5.No.of layers 11 22 1212

Applications:Applications:

• Data warehouses.Data warehouses.• E-commerce related data mining.E-commerce related data mining.• HDTV.HDTV.• Mobile phones and PDA.Mobile phones and PDA.• PVRPVR

FMD HARDWARE:FMD HARDWARE:

FMD drive FMD Player

FMC PDA FMC/D laptop

FMD READ DEVICE:FMD READ DEVICE:

• The interesting feature of the FMD is The interesting feature of the FMD is parallelparallel

reading.reading.• The sequence of bits is recorded not along a

track but deep into layers in parallel reading.• Reading process is carried out with the help

of a solar cell.• This device can read low-power fluorescence

of up to ten MHz.

• The below diagram shows the The below diagram shows the parallel reading parallel reading

device.device.• The reading speed reaches 1

Gigabit/s.

ABOUT THE COMPANYABOUT THE COMPANY

• Company C-3D was founded in 1995.Company C-3D was founded in 1995.• First FMD production -120mm in First FMD production -120mm in

diameter and diameter and

140GB memory with speed of 1GB/s.140GB memory with speed of 1GB/s.• The company has opened offices in New The company has opened offices in New

YorkYork

California, Florida.California, Florida.• The company has around 60 patents.The company has around 60 patents.• The C-3D declared bankruptcy and the The C-3D declared bankruptcy and the

company company

was acquired by D Data Inc.was acquired by D Data Inc.

CHRONOLOGY:CHRONOLOGY:• 1999 first published in September.1999 first published in September.• 2001 first license given to Sony.2001 first license given to Sony.• 2002 august C3D disappeared.2002 august C3D disappeared.• 2003 D Data Inc acquired the patents of C3D 2003 D Data Inc acquired the patents of C3D

and developed HD DMD - Digital Multilayer Disk.and developed HD DMD - Digital Multilayer Disk.

KEY PEOPLE OF C3D:KEY PEOPLE OF C3D:• Chairman: Itzhak Yaakov Chairman: Itzhak Yaakov • President & CEO: Eugene Levich President & CEO: Eugene Levich • Interim Chief Operating Officer: Michael Interim Chief Operating Officer: Michael

Goldberg Goldberg • General Manager of Products: Dr. Ingolf SanderGeneral Manager of Products: Dr. Ingolf Sander

Disadvantage:Disadvantage:

• Initial cost of the fluorescent Initial cost of the fluorescent material is more material is more

than reflective material that is used in than reflective material that is used in CD,DVD.CD,DVD.

• This makes the product costlier than This makes the product costlier than other other

storage devices.storage devices.

Conclusion:Conclusion:

The rapid technological development that is takingThe rapid technological development that is takingplace in storage devices has also made the man think place in storage devices has also made the man think about the needs and the requirements for the about the needs and the requirements for the

storage storage devices.devices.But But for now the FMD, which can provide us with gigabytes(GB) of storage space compared to CD and DVD seems to be an enticing solution for the storage masses.

References:References:

• www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki.www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki.• www.ixbtlabs.com/articles . www.ixbtlabs.com/articles . • www.seminartopic.org.www.seminartopic.org.• www.ebook-search-engine.com/www.ebook-search-engine.com/

fluroscent-multilayer-disc.fluroscent-multilayer-disc.