FLUID FLOW IN PIPE 1 CONTENT Chapter Description Page I Purpose 2 II Pressure, Velocity and Pressure Drop 2 III Friction coefficient and Flow resistance 3 IV. Gas 6 V. Symbols and Units 10 VI. Unit Conversion 10 VII. Standard Pipe Dimension 12 VIII. Properties of Fluids 13
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FLUID FLOW IN PIPE 1
CONTENT
Chapter Description Page
I Purpose 2
II Pressure, Velocity and Pressure Drop 2
III Friction coefficient and Flow resistance 3
IV. Gas 6
V. Symbols and Units 10
VI. Unit Conversion 10
VII. Standard Pipe Dimension 12
VIII. Properties of Fluids 13
FLUID FLOW IN PIPE 2
I. PURPOSE
This manual is purposed for pressure drop calculation along pipe and their valves and fittings.
II. PRESSURE, VELOCITY AND PRESSURE LOSSES
Velocity profile of fluid flow inside pipe is shown as the following figure.
Figure 1. Velocity profile of fluid flow in pipe
Velocity is almost zero at inside pipe wall and maximum at the centre of pipe. In this manual,
velocity of fluid is defined as average velocity.
Pressure definition of moving fluid inside pipe is shown in figure 2 below.
Figure 2. Pressure definition of moving fluid inside pipe.
Fluid potential energy expressed in pressure is PTOT,
PTOT = Pst + .g.h (1)
Local downstream static pressure, P
P = PTOT – PLOSS – 0.5 V 2 (2)
Or
FLUID FLOW IN PIPE 3
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P = Pst + .g.h - PLOSS – 0.5 V 2 (3)
Pst is equipment pressure,is fluid density, g gravitation, h liquid level which is =0 for gas, V fluid
velocity. Converted in MKS appropriate units become,
P = Pst + 0.1 SG.h - PLOSS – 0.0051 SG.V2 in kg/cm2 A (4)
Pst in kg/cm2, h in meter, V in m/s
m/s (5)
Q fluid flowrate in m3/hr, D in mm
This manual will examines pressure drop or PLOSS .
PLOSS = 0.0051 f . (L/D).SGV 2 or PLOSS = 5.1 f .(L/D)..V2. 10-6 kg/cm2 (6)
f is friction coefficient, L is pipe length or equivalent length if piping accessories is expressed in
length. Unit for L is converted in mm when D in mm. Local losses of short component is also