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Fluid Dynamics Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Simulation in the Nuclear Industry Nuclear Industry Fluid Dynamics Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Simulation in the Nuclear Industry Nuclear Industry Phil Stopford Phil Stopford Phil Stopford Phil Stopford © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Phil Stopford Phil Stopford ANSYS UK ANSYS UK Phil Stopford Phil Stopford ANSYS UK ANSYS UK De Vere Milton Hill House 6 th April 2011
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Page 1: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Fluid Dynamics Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Simulation in the Nuclear IndustryNuclear Industry

Fluid Dynamics Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Simulation in the Nuclear IndustryNuclear Industry

Phil StopfordPhil StopfordPhil StopfordPhil Stopford

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Phil StopfordPhil Stopford

ANSYS UKANSYS UK

Phil StopfordPhil Stopford

ANSYS UKANSYS UK

De Vere Milton Hill House

6th April 2011

Page 2: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Contents

• Multiphase model validation

– Vertical and horizontal pipe flow

– Bubbly flow around obstacle

• Case studies

– Fuel assemblies

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

– Fuel assemblies

– Pressure vessels

– Steam generators

– Safety systems

– Radwaste

• Conclusions

Page 3: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

ValidationCFD Exp.

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

CFD Exp.

Page 4: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Validation Test Cases

• Two-phase flows with lower

void fraction

– Vertically upward

– Vertically downward

– Horizontal, concurrent

– Horizontal countercurrent

• Free Surface Flows

– Horizontal concurrent

– Horizontal countercurrent

– Impinging Jets (Downcomer)

– Free Jets (ECCS)

• Flows with phase change

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 4 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

– Horizontal countercurrent

• Two-phase flows with higher

void fraction

– Vertically upward

– Vertically downward

– Horizontal, concurrent

– Horizontal countercurrent

• Bubbly flow around obstacle

• Flows with phase change

– Condensation

– Evaporation

– Flashing

– Boiling

Page 5: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Vertical Pipe Flows

• Experiments

– FZR

– MTLoop & TOPFLOW

Facility

• Modeling & Validation

– FZR

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

– FZR

– ANSYS CFX

• Target variables

– Volume fraction

– Gas velocity

– Water velocity

– Bubble size distributions

Page 6: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

FZR-052

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

normalized volume fraction [-]

Experiment FZR-052

Antal W.L.F., Grid 2

Tomiyama W.L.F., Grid 2

Frank W.L.F., Grid 2

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 6 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

Radius [mm]

normalized volume fraction [-]

Page 7: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

FZR-096

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

normalized volume fraction [-]

Experiment FZR-096

Antal W.L.F., Grid 2

Tomiyama W.L.F., Grid 2

Frank W.L.F., Grid 2

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

Radius [mm]

normalized volume fraction [-]

Page 8: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

wire-mesh sensormovable diaphragm

movable diaphragm

TOPFLOW Test FacilityTOPFLOW Test Facility

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

gas injection

Page 9: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

3d Bubbly Flow Around Obstacle

• Streamlines around the

obstacle

– Vortex system around the

edge of the obstacle

– Velocity component from left

to right along the

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

to right along the

vortex core

– Higher residence time in

vortex core close to the

straight edge

Page 10: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

3d Bubbly Flow Around Obstacle

Water Velocity Comparison

• Comparison

CFD � Experiment

• Absolute water velocity

distribution in symmetry plane

• Import of exp. data

CFD Exp.

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 10 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

• Import of exp. data

into CFX-Post

• Pre-interpolation of exp. data

to ∆z=0.01m

Page 11: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

3d Bubbly Flow Around Obstacle

Air Void Fraction Comparison

• Comparison

CFD � Experiment

• Air void fraction

distribution in symmetry

plane

CFD Exp.

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 11 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 12: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Experimental Test Facilities

@ TU Munich

• Regular slug flow with defined inlet BC´s

Wire mesh sensor data

Air

time

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

time

By courtesy of

Edurne Carpintiero, TD, TUM

Page 13: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Slug Flow Simulation -

Mass Flow Boundary Condition

• Sinusoidal free surface perturbation (initialization and inlet BC’s)

• Transient simulation of 7.0s real time

• Slug formation after ~4.0s at x~4.0m

• Stable slug propagation; slug front/tail are continuously changing

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 13 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 14: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Slug Flow Simulation -

Mass Flow BC’s (cont.)

First comparison with experimental data:

• Start of slug formation at ~4.0m from the inlet

• Difficult to reproduce experimental setup in CFD

– Inlet BC’s (e.g. phase mixing, inlet turbulence properties)

– Pressure outlet conditions (pipes & tanks downstream of test section)

• Quantitative comparison difficult for strong transient flow

– Small number of computed slugs

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 14 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

– Small number of computed slugs

– Slug length affected by limited pipe length and/or inlet conditions

numerical simulation experiment

slug period ~2.7m ~1.8m

slug transition velocity ~3.0 m/s ~2.7 m/s

pressure loss ~2000 - 2800 Pa on the last

4m, 2 slugs

� ~500 - 700 Pa/m

(strong transient)

~700 Pa/m

Page 15: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

The Bartolomej Test Case

R = 7.7 mm

q=0.57MW/m

2

Variable Value

P 4.5MPa

R 7.7 mm

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 15 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Z= 2 m

q=0.57MW/m

Gin=900 kg/(s m2)

R 7.7 mm

Gin 900 kg/(s m2)

0.57MW/m2

Subcooling 58.2 K

q&

Page 16: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Comparison to Experimental Data

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 17: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Fuel Assemblies

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 18: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Wall Boiling in a 3x3 Periodic

Fuel Rod Bundle

• 3×3 rod periodic section from a nuclear

reactor fuel assembly with guide vanes

• Periodic BC’s at all sides

• Wall heat flux of

qwall = 500 kW/m2

• Reference Pressure

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 18 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

• Reference Pressure

p = 15.7 MPa

• Water inlet velocity

vInlet=5.0m/s

• Water inlet temperature

TInlet= 607K

(= 12K water subcooling)

Page 19: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Wall Boiling in a 3x3 Periodic

Geometry & Meshing

• Geometry preparation in ANSYS Design Modeler

• Extraction of periodic fluid domain

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 19 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 20: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Wall Boiling in a 3x3 Periodic

Geometry & Meshing

• Meshing in ANSYS Workbench

• Tet/Prism in lower part

• Extruded prism mesh in

upper part

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 20 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

upper part

• Mesh statistic

– Tetra: 1,752,320

– Hexa: 838,800

– Prism: 2,088,820

Page 21: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Wall Boiling in a 3x3 Periodic

Fuel Rod Bundle

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 21 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Vapour volume

fraction on

horizontal planes

Page 22: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Wall Boiling in a 3x3 Periodic

Fuel Rod Bundle

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 22 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Near wall

water

temperature

Page 23: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Wall Boiling in a 3x3 Periodic

Fuel Rod Bundle

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 23 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Streamlines &

water velocity in

horizontal planes

Page 24: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Reactor Pressure

Vessels

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 24 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 25: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

VVER-1000 Pressure Vessel Model

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 25 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Courtesy of M. Böttcher, Institute of Reactor Safety (IRS)

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe - KIT

Page 26: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

RPV model – lower plenum

Flow through the perforated upper support columns:

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 26 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Pressure loss obtained from a standalone full

detail model (3 Mio cells / column)Implementation of a pressure loss coefficient

in the coarser RPV model (5000 cells /

column)

Page 27: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Temperature Distribution and Flow

Patterns from the Loop Model

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 27 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 28: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Influences on Mixing Coefficients

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 28 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Swirl

Suppression

Asymmetric flow conditions at the RPV inlet affect the coolant mixing process !

The inlet conditions from the RPV models have to be revised.

Page 29: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Validation Case

• FZ Karlsruhe (Böttcher)

• VVER 1000– Unit 6, Kozloduy, Bulgaria

– OECD benchmark

• Geometry model

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

• Geometry model– Downcomer & core

– Upper & lower plenum

• Mesh– 13 million elements

• Simulation• ANSYS CFX & HPC

Page 30: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Validation Case

• Operating conditions

Loop # Cold leg

temperature,

°C

Mass flow

rate, kg/s

1 268.6 4737

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 30 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2 268.7 4718

3 268.6 4682

4 268.6 4834

Page 31: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Validation Case

• Temperatures @ core exit

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 31 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 32: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Steam

Generators

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 32 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 33: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Design of Nuclear Steam Generator

• Duke Energy's nuclear power plant at

Oconee, South Carolina

• Babcock & Wilcox (Canada) unique

once-through steam generator

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 33 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

• Secondary-loop water is converted into

dry superheated steam

• Restrictor (7 venturis) added to outlets

• Need to check maximum ∆p

Page 34: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Design of Nuclear Steam Generator

Flow uniformly distributed

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 34 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 35: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Design of Nuclear Steam

Generator

Pressure Velocity

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 35 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 36: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Heat Exchangers

• Flow and heat transfer in shell and tube heat exchangers with three domains:

– Hot gas flow on shell side

– Conjugate HT through

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 36 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

– Conjugate HT through metal of tubes

– Process fluid flow inside tubes

• CFD used to optimise location of internal baffles and inlet and outlet location and deflectors

Page 37: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Porous Media HE Model

• Tube bundle geometry is often too

complex to model explicitly

• Represent shell-and-tube heat

exchanger by a porous domain

• Add 1-D additional variables to

represent the temperature and flow

Pressure Tube Temperature

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 37 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

represent the temperature and flow

velocity in the tubes

• Eulerian multiphase bulk boiling

model to predict steam production

• Add-on module to CFX

Steam Mass Fraction Shell Temperature

Page 38: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Containments

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 38 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 39: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Containments

• LES of TH-20 test case

• 7 weeks @ 128 CPUs

• Time: 300 s

• Time step: 2.5 ms

• Mesh: 6 million hex Fan region

Helium

layer

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 39 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

• Mesh: 6 million hex elements

• Circumferential spatial averaging

• Monitor points = measurement locations

Fan casing

Fan region

Vessel

Page 40: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Containments

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 40 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 41: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Containments

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 41 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 42: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Safety

Systems

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 42 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Vapor volume

fraction for a

simplified

Westinghouse

AP600 In-

Containment

Refueling

Water Storage

Tank

Courtesy Technical University of Aachen and

Center for Multiphase Research, RPI

Page 43: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Passive Safety Systems

Core Catcher:

• Hemisphere filled with steel

• Catches molten core

• Steel melts, then covers uranium

dioxide core material

• CFD shows progression of

fluid mechanics, phase

change, and heat transfer.

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 43 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

change, and heat transfer.

Courtesy Technical University of Aachen and

Center for Multiphase Research, RPI

Vapor volume

fraction for a

simplified

Westinghouse

AP600 In-

Containment

Refueling

Water Storage

Tank

Benefits of CAE

– Gain physical insight about flow structures to guide safety system design

– Generate new parametric relationships to embed in system-level tools

– Extend behavior prediction from experimental to full scale conditions

Page 44: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Core Catcher

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 44 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 45: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Deflagration/Explosion

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 45 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 46: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Radwaste Storage

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 46 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Courtesy Technical University of Aachen and

Center for Multiphase Research, RPI

Page 47: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Drum Store

• Storage facility

– Inlet flow: 1 kg/s of air at 30°C

– Drum interior: thermal

conductivity 10 W/m/K with heat

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 47 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

conductivity 10 W/m/K with heat

source 16.5 kW

– Drum wall: thermal conductivity

25 W/m/K, wall emissivity 0.8

– outlet: fixed average pressure

Temperatures within

the Drums

Page 48: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Drum Storage Ventilation:

Inlet

Outlet

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 48 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Temperature

Inlet

Flow

Diffuser

Symmetry

plane

Velocity

Page 49: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Dispersion: Hydrogen Build Up

Hydrogen build up in a

vault store with only

passive ventilation

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 49 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Page 50: Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry - Ansys UK/staticassets/Fluid... · Fluid Dynamics Simulation in the Nuclear Industry ... –Vertical and horizontal pipe flow ...

Summary

• ANSYS CFD has well-validated turbulence and multi-

phase models suitable for nuclear industry

applications

• Both FLUENT and CFX were originally written with

nuclear industry applications in mind

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 50 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

• Long history of successful modelling cases

• Range of applications includes fuel assemblies,

primary and secondary circuit flows, containments,

safety and radwaste storage