FLOODS, STREAMS AND MEANDERS. GAUGING STATION On all major streams Measures Stream Height Height vs. Discharge (volume) Flood Stage and height above Flood.

FLOODS, STREAMS FLOODS, STREAMS AND MEANDERSAND MEANDERS

GAUGING STATIONGAUGING STATION

• On all major streams

• Measures Stream Height

• Height vs. Discharge (volume)

• Flood Stage and height above

• Flood Rank – ie. 100 year flood

River FloodRiver Flood

MEANDER BELTSMEANDER BELTS

• WINDING SHAPE

• CONSTANTLY SHIFTING CHANNEL

• VELOCITY DIFFERENT IN DIFFERENT PARTS

• CHANNEL CUTOFF

MEANDERMEANDER

Parts of a MeanderParts of a Meander

2 SIDES2 SIDES

• Cut Bank (Erosion)

• Point Bar (Deposition)

CUT BANKCUT BANK

POINT BARSPOINT BARS

SHIFTING CHANNELSSHIFTING CHANNELS

• CHUTE CUT-OFF DURING FLOOD

• NECK CUT-OFF GRADUAL

OXBOW LAKEOXBOW LAKE

• AFTER CUT-OFF

• SEPARATED FROM MAIN RIVER

• NO FLOW

• SEDIMENTATION

Water ColorWater Color

• Muddy water is flowing

• Still water is clear

DAMS ON RIVERSDAMS ON RIVERS

DAM BURSTDAM BURST

DESTRUCTION ON RIVERDESTRUCTION ON RIVER

EROSIONEROSION

HOUSE DAMAGEHOUSE DAMAGE